-146 (X301460)
Astronomical Diary, Hellenistic, Babylon · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE
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| Designation | -146 |
|---|---|
| ID | X301460 |
| Museum no. | BM 41469 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Hellenistic · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart3 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1'o 1'–o 1'o 1' | [... Night of the 2]4th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] above δ [Scorpii ...] |
| Obverse [1:3] o 2'2'–o 3'3' | [... Mercury,] in the beginning of the month, was in Scorpius; around the 19th, Mercury’s [last appearance] in the east [in Sagittarius ...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [Month X, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ...] earthshine; measured (despite) mist; (the moon) could be seen whighle (the sun) stood there; it was high to the sun. Night of the 1st, first part of the night, Ju[piter ...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [... Night of the 7th, be]ginning of the night, the moon was 1 cubit behind η Tauri, the moon being 1 2/3 cubits low to the south [...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | [... the moon was] 1/2 cubit [... ζ Tauri,] the moon having passed a little to the east. Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] above [γ Geminorum ...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [... The 10th, Venus’ first appearance in the west in Aquarius,] sunset to setting of Venus: 8º, (ideal) first appearance on the 9th. Night of the 11th, beginning of the night, the m[oon was ... below α Geminorum ...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [... Night of the 12th, beginning of the night, the moon] stood [x]+1 cubits [behind Jupiter] to the east, the moon being 1 1/2 cubits low to the south [...] |
| Obverse [7:9] o 8'8'– | [... Night of the 14th, last part of the night, Mars] came close to β Scorpii, [they became] one star [...] |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1'r 1'–r 1'r 1' | [... Night of the 1]5th, sunset to moonrise: 7º, measured (despite) clouds; last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits in front of θ Leonis, the m[oon being ...] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 2'2'–r 2'2' | [...] back to the west. Night of the 17th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits in front of γ Virginis, the moon being 2 cubits [low] to the south [...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | [...] when Jupiter became stationary to the west, it became stationary 6 fingers in front of μ Geminorum, 8 fingers high to the north [...] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 4'4'–r 4'4' | [... Night of the 21st, last part of the night, the m]oon was 2 cubits in front of δ Scorpii. Night of the 22nd, last part of the night, the moon was [...] above [α Scorpii ...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 5'5'–r 5'5' | [... cu]bits, the moon being 1/2 cubit high to the north. The 25th, Mercury’s first appearance in the west in the beginning of Pisces ... [...] |
| Reverse [5:7] r 6'6'–r 7'7' | [...] around? the 9th, Venus’ first appearance in the west in Aquarius; at the end of the month, in Pisces; around the 25th, Mer[cury’s first appearance in the west in the beginning of Pisces ...] |
| Reverse [6:7] r 7'7'–r 7'7' | [Month XI, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ... measu]red; it was high to the sun; the moon stood 1 cubit behind Venus to the east, the moon being 1 c[ubit? ...] |
| Reverse [7:8] r 8'8'–r 8'8' | [... beg]inning of the night, the moon was behind [...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [... GE₆ 2 4 [ina] ⸢ZALAG₂ sin⸣ e MUL₂-MURUB₄-[ša₂-SAG-GIR₂.TAB N N ...] | |
| 2' | [... GU₄.UD] ina SAG ITU ina GIR₂.TAB in 19 GU₄.UD ina ⸢NIM⸣ [ina PA ŠU₂ ...] | |
| 3' | [AB 1 ...] a-pir a-kam₂ muš ina GUB IGI ana šamaš₂ NIM GE₆ 1 USAN ⸢MUL₂⸣.[BABBAR ...] | |
| 4' | [... GE₆ 7 ⸢SAG⸣ GE₆ sin ar₂ MUL₂.MUL₂ 1 KUŠ₃ sin 1 2/3 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG [...] | |
| 5' | [... sin x ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂]-⸢ULU₃⸣ 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa ana NIM DIB GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ sin ⸢e⸣ [MAŠ.MAŠ-ša₂-SIPA N N ...] | |
| 6' | [... 10 dele-bat ina ŠU₂ ina GU IGI] 8 na-su in 9 IGI GE₆ 11 SAG ⸢GE₆ sin⸣ [SIG MAŠ.MAŠ-IGI N N ...] | |
| 7' | [... GE₆ 12 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ MUL₂.BABBAR x]+1 KUŠ₃ ana NIM GUB sin 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ [SIG ...] | |
| 8' | [... GE₆ 14 ina ZALAG₂ AN ana MUL₂]-⸢e⸣-ša₂-SAG-GIR₂.TAB TE ana 1-⸢en MUL₂⸣ [GUR ...] | |
| r | ||
| 1' | [... GE₆] 15 7 GE₆ DIR muš ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI GIŠ.KUN-A 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ⸢sin⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [... ana] ŠU₂ LAL GE₆ 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI DELE-ša₂-IGI-ABSIN 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 2 KUŠ₃ ana ⸢ULU₃⸣ [SIG ...] | |
| 3' | [...] ⸢MUL₂.BABBAR⸣ ana ŠU₂ ki UŠ-a 6 U ina IGI MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-še-pit₂-MAŠ.MAŠ 8 U ana SI NIM ⸢UŠ⸣ [...] | |
| 4' | [... GE₆ 21 ina ZALAG₂] ⸢sin⸣ ina IGI MUL₂-MURUB₄-ša₂-SAG-GIR₂.TAB 2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂ sin e [SI₄ N N ...] | |
| 5' | [...] ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM 25 GU₄.UD ina ŠU₂ ina SAG zib{me} IGI ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 6' | [...] ⸢in⸣ 9 dele-bat ina ŠU₂ ina GU IGI ina TIL ITU ina zib{me} ina 25 ⸢GU₄⸣.[UD ina ŠU₂ ina SAG zib{me} IGI ...] | |
| 7' | [ZIZ₂ 1 ...] ⸢muš ana šamaš₂ NIM⸣ sin ar₂ dele-bat 1 KUŠ₃ ana NIM GUB sin 1 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ [...] | |
| 8' | [...] ⸢SAG⸣ GE₆ sin ar₂ [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.