-141F (X301416)
Astronomical Diary, Hellenistic, Babylon · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE
Open in the reader & map →See it among all tablets
| Designation | -141F |
|---|---|
| ID | X301416 |
| Museum no. | BM 32839 + 41629 +41833 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Hellenistic · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart3 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1'o 1'–o 1'o 1' | [...] the moon being 1 cubit high to the north [...] |
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [... Night of the 14th,] moonrise to sunset: [nn°], measured (despite) mist; [last part of the night, the moon was] 1 cubit in front? of [η] Piscium, the moon being [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [... The 1]5th, sunrise to moonset: 5°, measured (despite) mist. Night of the 16th, last part of the night, the moon was 3 1/2 cubits in front of η Tauri, the moon being 4 cubits [low to the south ...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [... Night of the 1]7th, last part of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits in front of α Tauri. Night of the 18th, last part of the night, the moon was 2 cubits in front of β Tauri, the moon being 5 cubits low to the south. The 18th, ... [...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | [...] cubits, the moon being 1 1/2 cubits low to the south. Night of the 20th, last part of the night, the moon was 2 cubits in front of α Geminorum, the moon being 5 1/2 cubits low to the south. Around the 20th, Jupiter’s last appearance in the beginning of Scorpius [...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [... cu]bits low to the south. Night of the 22nd, last part of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits behind δ Cancri, the moon being 1 cubit low to the south. Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, the moon was 1/2 [cubit] in front of α Leonis [...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [... the m]oon being 5 cubits low to the south. Night of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 cubit behind β Virginis, the moon being 1/2 cubit high to the north. Night of the 26th, last part of the night, the moon was 1/2 cubit behind γ Virginis [...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [it st]ood [... behind Saturn to the east], the moon being 1 cubit high to the north. Night of the 27th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits behind α Virginis, the moon being 2 1/2 cubits high to the north. The 27th, moonrise to sunrise: 15°?, mea[sured ...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | [... At that] time, Jupiter was in Libra; around the 20th, Jupiter’s last appearance in the [beginn]ing of Scorpius; Mercury was in Virgo; around the 8th, Mercury’s last appearance in the east in Virgo; Saturn was in Virgo; Mars, in the beg[inning of the month, was in Taurus,] |
| Obverse [9:11] o 10'10'–o 11'11' | [at the end of the month, in Aries; Venus, which had set,] was not visible. |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [Month VII, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ...] it was high to the sun. Night of the 2nd, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits behind θ Ophiuchi, the moon being 2 1/2 cubits high to the north. Night of the 5th, beginning of the night, the moon was [nn cubits] below β Capricorni [...] |
| Obverse [11:12] o 12'12'–o 12'12' | [...] high to the north. Night of the 7th, beginning of the night, the moon was 1 cubit behind δ Capricorni, the moon being 1 cubit high to the north [...] |
| Obverse [12:13] o 13'13'–o 13'13' | [... Night of the 13th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 3 cubits below α Arietis, the moon having passed 1/2 cubit to the east, it stood 3 cubits in front of Mars to the west [...] |
| Obverse [13:14] o 14'14'–o 14'14' | [...] low [to the south.] The 14th, moonset to sunrise: 2º. Night of the 15th, sunset to moonrise: 8º; last part of the night, the moon was [...] behind α Tau[ri ...] |
| Obverse [14:15] o 15'15'–o 15'15' | [... Night of the 17th, last part of the night, the moon was] 2 cubits [behind γ Gemino]rum, the moon being 1 1/2 cubits high to the north. Night of the 18th, last part of the ni[ght, the m]oon was [...] in front? of [...] |
| Obverse [15:16] o 16'16'–o 16'16' | [...] cubits. Night of the 20th, last part of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits in front of α Leonis. Night of the 21st, last part of the night, the moon was [...] |
| Obverse [16:17] o 17'17'–o 17'17' | [... Night of the 22nd, last part of the night, the moon was] 2/3 cubit [above β Vir]ginis, the moon being 1/2 cubit back to the west. The 22nd, Jupiter’s first appearance in Scorpius; it was small, rising of Jupiter to sunrise: 11º 30'; |
| Obverse [17:18] o 18'18'–o 18'18' | [{mdeal) first appearance on the 21st ...] ... Night of the 24th, last part of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits above α Virginis. Night of the 26th, last part of the night, the moon was |
| Obverse [18:19] o 19'19'–o 19'19' | [... below β Librae ...] back to the west. The 27th, moonrise to sunrise: 16º?, measured. At that time, around the 21st, Jupiter’s first appearance in Scorpius; |
| Obverse [20:21] o 21'21'–o 21'21' | [Month VIII, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month), ...] {mdeal) first appearance [on the 29th of month V]II. Until the 2nd, when Mars became stationary to the west, |
| Obverse [21:22] o 22'22'–o 22'22' | [it became stationary] 1 1/2 cubits [behind α Arietis ... Mercu]ry’s first appearance in the west in Sagittarius; it was small, sunset to setting of Mercury: 15º |
| Obverse [22:23] o 23'23'–o 23'23' | [... Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 2 cubits [in front of η Pis]cium, the moon being 5 cubits low to the south. |
| Obverse [23:24] o 24'24'–o 24'24' | [...] low [to the sou]th. Night of the 13th, beginning of the night, the moon was |
| Obverse [24:25] o 25'25'–o 25'25' | [...] The 15th, moonrise to sunset: 30'; clouds, I did not watch. |
| Obverse [25:26] o 26'26'–o 26'26' | [... nn] cubits low to the south. |
| Obverse [26:27] o 27'27'–o 27'27' | [...] 1/2 cubit [...] ρ Leonis |
| Obverse [27:28] o 28'28'–o 28'28' | [... Night of the 21st, last part of the night, the moon] stood [... Saturn to the ...], the moon being 1/2 cubit |
| Obverse [28:29] o 29'29'–o 29'29' | [...] having passed [nn cub]its to the east. |
| Obverse [29:30] o 30'30'–o 30'30' | [... The 2]7th, moonrise to sunrise: 10º 30'; clouds, I did not watch. |
| Obverse [30:31] o 31'31'–o 31'31' | [... ar]ound the 17th, Mercury’s last appearance in the west in Sagittarius |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | [...] 3 1/2 cubits |
| Reverse [3:4] r 4'4'–r 4'4' | [...] 1 cubit |
| Reverse [5:6] r 6'6'–r 6'6' | [... Night of the 18th, last part of the night, the moon was] 3 cubits [behind α Scorpii], the moon being 5 cubits high to the north. |
| Reverse [6:7] r 7'7'–r 7'7' | [... Night of the 19th, last part of the night,] the moon was 2 [cubits] behind θ Ophiuchi |
| Reverse [7:8] r 8'8'–r 8'8' | [... nn cu]bits, the moon being 1/2 cubit back to the west. |
| Reverse [8:9] r 9'9'–r 9'9' | [...] when [Jupiter] became stationary [to the east, it became stationary] 1 cubit in front of θ |
| Reverse [9:10] r 10'10'–r 10'10' | [Ophiuchi ...] 2 cubits [...] Capricorni. Night of the 25th, first part of the night, Mercury |
| Reverse [10:11] r 11'11'–r 11'11' | [was ... below β Arietis ...] 2/3 cubit. At that time, Jupiter was in Scorpius; |
| Reverse [11:12] r 12'12'–r 12'12' | [... Saturn was in Vir]go; Mars was in Taurus, at the end of the month, in Gemini. |
| Reverse [13:14] r 14'14'–r 14'14' | [Month XII, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month), ...] ... [... (the moon)] stood [nn] cubits [in front of Venus] to the west, the moon being 2 1/2 cubits low to the south. |
| Reverse [14:15] r 15'15'–r 15'15' | [... cub]its, the moon being 3 cub[its ... Night of the 6th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 2 cubits [below γ Gemi]norum. Night of the 7th, |
| Reverse [15:16] r 16'16'–r 16'16' | [... Night of the 8th,] beginning of the night, the moon was [...] in front of [... Cancri. Night of the 9th, beginn]ing of the night, the moon was 5 cubits below ε Leonis |
| Reverse [16:17] r 17'17'–r 17'17' | [... lo]w?. Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, the m[oon ...] being ⸢x⸣ cubits low to the south [...] |
| Reverse [17:18] r 18'18'–r 18'18' | [...] low [to the sou]th; first part of the night, Venus was [...] above α Tauri [...] Night of the 12th, beginn[ing of the night,] |
| Reverse [18:19] r 19'19'–r 19'19' | [... the moon was] 8 fingers above Sa[turn], the moon having passed a little to the east; first part [of the night ...] cubits. The 12th?, [...] |
| Reverse [19:20] r 20'20'–r 20'20' | [...] the moon being 2 1/2 cubits high to the north. The 13th, sunrise to moonset: 2º 10', I did not watch. Ni[ght? ...] |
| Reverse [20:21] r 21'21'–r 21'21' | [...] sunset to moonrise: [x]+10´; clouds, I did not watch. The 16th, equinox; I did not watch. Night of the 17th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front [of θ Ophiuchi ...] |
| Reverse [21:22] r 22'22'–r 22'22' | [... Ni]ght of the 20th, last part of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits in front of β Capricorni, the moon being 2 1/2 cubits low to the south. Night [of the 21st, ...] |
| Reverse [22:23] r 23'23'–r 23'23' | [Night of the 22nd, last part of the night,] the moon was 10 fingers above δ Capricorni, the moon having passed a little to the east. Night of the 24th, first part of the night, Venus was [...] above ζ [Tauri ...] |
| Reverse [23:25] r 24'24'–r 25'25' | [At that time, Ju]piter was in Scorpius; Venus was in Taurus, at the end of the month, in Gemini; Mercury was in Aries; around the 11th, Mercury’s last appearance in the west in Aries; Saturn [was in Virgo; Mars was in Gemini.] |
| Reverse [24:25] r 25'25'–r 25'25' | [Month I, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month),] sunset to moonset: [nnº]; it was bright, measured (despite) clouds; it was low to the sun. |
| Reverse [25:26] r 26'26'–r 26'26' | Diary from month VI2 to the end of month XII of year 170, [king] Demetrius. |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢sin⸣ 1 KUŠ₃ ana SI ⸢NIM⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [... GE₆ 14 N] ME a-kam₂ muš [ina ZALAG₂ sin] ⸢ina IGI⸣ [MUL₂-KUR]-ša₂-DUR-nu-nu 1 KUŠ₃ sin [...] | |
| 3' | [...] 15 5 na a-kam₂ muš GE₆ 16 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MUL₂.MUL₂ 3 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 4 KUŠ₃ ⸢ana⸣ [ULU₃ SIG ...] | |
| 4' | [... GE₆] 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI is-le₁₀ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 18 ina ⸢ZALAG₂⸣ sin ina IGI ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-SI 2 KUŠ₃ sin 5 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG 18 x⸣ [...] | |
| 5' | [...] KUŠ₃ sin 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 20 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MAŠ.MAŠ-IGI 2 KUŠ₃ sin 5 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG in 20 MUL₂.BABBAR ina SAG GIR₂.TAB ŠU₂ [x x x x x] | |
| 6' | [...] ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-ALLA-ša₂-ULU₃ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 23 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI LUGAL 1/2 [KUŠ₃ x x x] | |
| 7' | [...] ⸢sin⸣ 5 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂ ⸢sin ar₂⸣ GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-A 1 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ DELE-ša₂-IGI-ABSIN 1/2 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ [x x x x] | |
| 8' | [ar₂ GENNA N N ana NIM] ⸢GUB⸣ sin 1 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM GE₆ 27 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ SA₄-ša₂-ABSIN 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM 27 15 KUR ⸢muš⸣ [x x x x] | |
| 9' | [... i-nu]-šu₂ MUL₂.BABBAR ina RIN₂ in 20 MUL₂.BABBAR ina ⸢SAG⸣ GIR₂.TAB ŠU₂ GU₄.UD ina ABSIN in 8 GU₄.UD ina NIM ina ABSIN ŠU₂ GENNA ina ABSIN ⸢AN⸣ ina ⸢SAG⸣ [ITU ina MUL₂.MUL₂] | |
| 10' | [ina TIL ITU ina HUN dele-bat ša₂ ŠU₂-u₂] NU IGI | |
| 11' | [DU₆ 1 ... ana] šamaš₂ NIM GE₆ 2 sin ar₂ MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-KIR₄-šil-<PA> 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM GE₆ 5 SAG GE₆ sin SIG ⸢SI-MAŠ₂⸣ [N KUŠ₃ x x] | |
| 12' | [...] SI NIM GE₆ 7 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ 1 KUŠ₃ sin 1 KUŠ₃ ana SI ⸢NIM⸣ [x x x x] | |
| 13' | [... GE₆ 13 SAG GE₆ sin] ⸢SIG⸣ MUL₂-⸢ar₂⸣-[ša₂]-⸢SAG-HUN 3 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM DIB ina IGI AN 3 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ ⸢GUB⸣ [...] | |
| 14' | [... ana ULU₃] SIG 14 2 ŠU₂ GE₆ 15 8 GE₆ ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ is-⸢le₁₀⸣ [N N ...] | |
| 15' | [... GE₆ 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MAŠ.MAŠ-ša₂]-⸢SIPA⸣ 2 KUŠ₃ sin 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM GE₆ 18 ina ⸢ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI⸣ [x x x x] | |
| 16' | [...] KUŠ₃ GE₆ 20 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI LUGAL 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ⸢GE₆⸣ 21 ina ZALAG₂ sin [x (x)] | |
| 17' | [... GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂ sin e GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂]-A 2/3 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ LAL 22 MUL₂.⸢BABBAR⸣ [ina] GIR₂.TAB IGI TUR 11.30 na-su | |
| 18' | [in 21 IGI ...] ⸢x⸣ GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin e SA₄-ša₂-ABSIN 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂ sin | |
| 19' | [SIG RIN₂-ša₂-SI N N ...] ⸢ana⸣ ŠU₂ LAL 27 16 KUR muš i-nu-šu₂ in 21 MUL₂.BABBAR ina GIR₂.TAB IGI | |
| 20' | [...] | |
| 21' | [APIN 30 ... in 29 ša₂] ⸢DU₆ IGI EN 2 AN ana ŠU₂ ki-i UŠ-a 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ | |
| 22' | [ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-HUN (...) UŠ ... GU₄].⸢UD⸣ ina ŠU₂ ina PA IGI TUR 15 na-su | |
| 23' | [... GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-DUR]-⸢nu⸣-nu 2 KUŠ₃ sin 5 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG | |
| 24' | [... ana] ⸢ULU₃⸣ SIG GE₆ 13 SAG GE₆ sin | |
| 25' | [...] 15 30 NINDA ME DIR NU PAP | |
| 26' | [... N] KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG | |
| 27' | [...] ⸢MUL₂⸣-TUR-ša₂-4-KUŠ₃-ar₂-LUGAL 1/2 KUŠ₃ | |
| 28' | [... GE₆ 21 ina ZALAG₂ sin x GENNA N N ana x] GUB sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ | |
| 29' | [... N] ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ ana NIM DIB | |
| 30' | [...] 27 10.30 KUR DIR NU PAP | |
| 31' | [...] ⸢in⸣ 17 GU₄.UD ina ŠU₂ ina PA ŠU₂ | |
| 32' | [...] ⸢x⸣ | |
| r | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x⸣ ša₂ ⸢x⸣ | |
| 2' | [...] ⸢x⸣ | |
| 3' | [...] 3 1/2 KUŠ₃ | |
| 4' | [...] 1 KUŠ₃ | |
| 5' | [...] ⸢x⸣ | |
| 6' | [... GE₆ 18 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ SI₄] 3 KUŠ₃ sin 5 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM | |
| 7' | [... GE₆ 19 ina ZALAG₂] sin ar₂ MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-KIR₄-šil-PA 2 | |
| 8' | [KUŠ₃ ... N] ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ LAL | |
| 9' | [... MUL₂.BABBAR ana NIM] ⸢ki⸣-i UŠ-u₂ 1 KUŠ₃ ina IGI | |
| 10' | MUL₂-KUR-[ša₂-KIR₄-šil-PA (...) UŠ ...] MAŠ₂ 2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 25 USAN GU₄.UD | |
| 11' | [SIG MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-SAG-HUN N N ...] 2/3 KUŠ₃ i-nu-šu₂ MUL₂.BABBAR ina GIR₂.TAB | |
| 12' | [... GENNA ina] ⸢ABSIN⸣ AN ina MUL₂.MUL₂ ina TIL ITU ina MAŠ.MAŠ | |
| 13' | [...] | |
| 14' | [ŠE 30 ...] ⸢x⸣ [... ina IGI dele-bat N] ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ ana ŠU₂ GUB sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG | |
| 15' | [...] ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ sin 3 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ [... GE₆ 6 SAG GE₆ sin SIG MAŠ.MAŠ]-ša₂-SIPA 2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 7 | |
| 16' | [... GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆ sin ina ⸢IGI⸣ [MUL₂ x ša₂ ALLA ša₂ x N N GE₆ 9 ⸢SAG⸣ GE₆ sin SIG SAG-A 5 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ | |
| 17' | [...] ⸢SIG⸣ GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ ⸢sin⸣ [...] ⸢x⸣ KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ ⸢SIG⸣ [x (x)] | |
| 18' | [... ana] ⸢ULU₃⸣ SIG USAN dele-bat e is-le₁₀ [N N ...] GE₆ 12 ⸢SAG⸣ [GE₆] | |
| 19' | [... sin] e ⸢GENNA⸣ 8 U sin i-ṣa ana NIM DIB ⸢USAN⸣ [...] ⸢KUŠ₃ 12 [x x x x] | |
| 20' | [...] sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM 13 2.10 na NU PAP ⸢GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| 21' | [... x].10 GE₆ DIR NU PAP 16 LAL₂-ti₃ NU PAP GE₆ 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina ⸢IGI⸣ [MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-KIR₄-šil-PA N N ...] | |
| 22' | [...] ⸢GE₆⸣ 20 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI SI-MAŠ₂ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 21 ...] | |
| 23' | [GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂] ⸢sin⸣ e MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ 10 SI sin i-ṣa ⸢ana NIM⸣ DIB GE₆ 24 USAN dele-bat e ⸢ŠUR⸣-[GIGIR-ša₂-ULU₃ N N ...] | |
| 24' | [i-nu-šu₂ MUL₂].BABBAR ina GIR₂.TAB dele-bat ina MUL₂.MUL₂ ina TIL ITU ina MAŠ.MAŠ GU₄.UD ina HUN in 11 GU₄.UD ina ŠU₂ ina HUN ŠU₂ GENNA [ina ABSIN AN ina MAŠ.MAŠ] | |
| 25' | [BAR 1 N] na-su KUR₄ DIR muš ana šamaš₂ SIG | |
| 26' | na-ṣar ša₂ TA KIN 2.KAM₂ EN TIL ŠE ša₂ MU 1 ME 60+10.KAM₂ {m}de-met-[ri LUGAL] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.