-141A (X301411)
Astronomical Diary, Hellenistic, Babylon · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE
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| Designation | -141A |
|---|---|
| ID | X301411 |
| Museum no. | BM 32887 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Hellenistic · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart3 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1'o 1'–o 1'o 1' | [...] Night of the 5th?, beginning of the ni[ght, ...] |
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [... Night of the 9th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 1 1/2 cubits [behind] θ Leonis, the moon being 5 cubits low to the south. Night of the 10th, beginning of the ni[ght, ...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [... Night of the 11th, beginning] of the night, the moon was 1/2 cubit below γ Virginis, the moon having passed a little to the east [...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [... The 1]2th, moonset to sunrise: 2°; around the 12th, Jupiter’s acronychal rising. Night of the 13th, moonrise to sunset: 9°, [measured (despite)] mist [...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | [...] sunrise to moonset: [nn°,] measured (despite) mist. Night of the 14th, sunset to moonrise: 3°, measured (despite) clouds. Night of the 15th, last part of the ni[ght ...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [... Night of the 20th, last part of the night, the moon was] 3 1/2 cubits [behind] β Capricorni, the moon being 2 cubits low to the south. Until the 20th, Saturn [...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [... Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, the moon] stood [nn] cubits [behind Mars] to the east. Around the 23rd, Mercury’s last appearance in the west in Taurus; I did not [watch ...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [... At] that time, Jupiter was in Libra; Venus, in the beginning of the month, was in Aquarius, until the end of the month, in Pisces [...] |
| Obverse [8:10] o 9'9'–o 10'10' | [... Saturn] was in Leo; Mars was in Aquarius. |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [Month II, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month), ... Night of the 2nd, the moon was] 2 cubits [behind] ζ Tauri, the moon having passed 1/2 cubit to the east. Night of the 3rd, the moon was [...] above [γ Geminorum ...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [...] low. Night of the 8th, last part of the night, Venus was 4 cubits below η Piscium. Night of the 9th, [...] |
| Obverse [11:12] o 12'12'–o 12'12' | [... Night of the 12th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 1 cubit [... α Libr]ae, the moon being 1 1/2 cubits high to the north, [it stood] 2 1/2 cubits behind Jupiter to the east [...] |
| Obverse [12:13] o 13'13'–o 13'13' | [... Night of the 13th, beginning of the night, the moon was x]+1 cubits [... β Scorpii,] the moon being 1 1/2 cubits high to the north; last part of the night, Venus was [...] below β Arie[tis ...] |
| Obverse [13:14] o 14'14'–o 14'14' | [... Night of the 14th, beginning of the night, the moon was ... α Scorpii,] the moon being 4 cubits high to the north. Night of the 15th, sunset to moonrise: 11°. Night of the 17th, last part of the night, Venus was [... below α Arietis ...] |
| Obverse [14:15] o 15'15'–o 15'15' | [...] I did not watch. Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, the moon stood 1 cubit behind Mars to the east, the moon being 1/2 cub[it ...] |
| Obverse [15:16] o 16'16'–o 16'16' | [... moonrise to sunrise: nn°,] measured (despite) clouds. Around the 28th, Mercury’s first appearance in the east ... omitted [...] |
| Obverse [16:18] o 17'17'–o 18'18' | [... Sat]urn was in Leo; Mars, in the beginning of the month, was in Aquarius, until the end of the month, [in Pisces ...] |
| Obverse [17:18] o 18'18'–o 18'18' | [Month III, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ... the moon was] 6 cubits [below] a Ge[minorum.] Night of the 2nd, the moon was [...] |
| Obverse [18:20] o 19'19'– | [...] beginning of the night, [...] |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1'r 1'–r 1'r 1' | [...] ... Night of the 19th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of [α Tauri ...] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 2'2'–r 2'2' | [... Night of the 22nd, last part of the night, the moon was] 5 1/2 cubits [below α Geminorum]. Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, [...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | [...] 1/2 cubit. Night of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 4'4'–r 4'4' | [... Night of the 27th, last part of the night, the moon] stood 8 fingers behind Mercury [to the east ...] ... [...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 5'5'–r 5'5' | [... Saturn’s?] first appearance [... x]+1 cubit in front of Mercury to the west [...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 6'6'–r 6'6' | [... Ve]nus’ last appearance in the east in Virgo; around the 11+[xth, ...] |
| Reverse [7:8] r 8'8'–r 8'8' | [Dia]ry from month I to the end of month VI of [...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢GE₆ 5 SAG GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [... GE₆ 9 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ GIŠ.KUN]-⸢A 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 5 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ ⸢SIG GE₆⸣ 10 SAG ⸢GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| 3' | [... GE₆ 11 SAG] GE₆ sin SIG DELE-ša₂-IGI-ABSIN 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa ana NIM ⸢DIB⸣ [...] | |
| 4' | [...] 12 2 ŠU₂ in 12 MUL₂.BABBAR ana ME E-a GE₆ 13 9 ME a-⸢kam₂⸣ [...] | |
| 5' | [...] ⸢na⸣ a-kam₂ muš GE₆ 14 3 GE₆ DIR muš GE₆ 15 ina ⸢ZALAG₂⸣ [...] | |
| 6' | [... GE₆ 20 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂] SI-MAŠ₂ 3 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG EN 20 GENNA [...] | |
| 7' | [... GE₆ 23 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ AN N] KUŠ₃ ana NIM GUB in 23 GU₄.UD ina ŠU₂ ina MUL₂ ŠU₂ NU [PAP ...] | |
| 8' | [... i]-nu-šu₂ MUL₂.BABBAR ina RIN₂ dele-bat ina SAG ITU ina GU EN TIL ITU ina zib{me} [...] | |
| 9' | [... GENNA] ina A AN ina GU | |
| 10' | [GU₄ 30 ... GE₆ 2 sin ar₂] ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-ULU₃ 2 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM DIB GE₆ 3 sin e [MAŠ.MAŠ-ša₂-SIPA N N ...] | |
| 11' | [...] SIG GE₆ 8 ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat SIG MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-DUR-nu-nu 4 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 9 [...] | |
| 12' | [... GE₆ 12 SAG GE₆ sin x RIN₂-ša₂]-⸢ULU₃⸣ 1 KUŠ₃ sin 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM ar₂ MUL₂.BABBAR 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM [GUB ...] | |
| 13' | [... GE₆ 13 SAG GE₆ sin x MUL₂-e-ša₂-SAG-GIR₂.TAB x]+1 KUŠ₃ sin 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat SIG MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-⸢SAG⸣-[HUN N N ...] | |
| 14' | [... GE₆ 14 SAG GE₆ sin x SI₄ N N] sin 4 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM GE₆ 15 11 GE₆ GE₆ 17 ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat [SIG MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-HUN N N ...] | |
| 15' | [...] ⸢NU⸣ PAP GE₆ 23 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ AN 1 KUŠ₃ ana NIM GUB sin 1/2 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ [...] | |
| 16' | [... KUR] ⸢DIR⸣ muš in 28 GU₄.UD ina NIM UD.DA IGI DIB [...] | |
| 17' | [...] ⸢GENNA⸣ ina A AN ina SAG ITU ina GU EN ⸢TIL ITU⸣ [ina zib{me} ...] | |
| 18' | [SIG 1 ... SIG MAŠ].⸢MAŠ-IGI 6 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 2 sin [...] | |
| 19' | [...] ⸢SAG GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| r | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x GE₆⸣ 19 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina ⸢IGI⸣ [is-le₁₀ N N ...] | |
| 2' | [... GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG MAŠ.MAŠ-IGI] 5 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 23 ⸢ina ZALAG₂⸣ [...] | |
| 3' | [...] 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin⸣ [...] | |
| 4' | [... GE₆ 27 ina ZALAG₂ sin (...)] ar₂ GU₄.UD 8 U [ana NIM] ⸢GUB⸣ [...] | |
| 5' | [... GENNA ina ABSIN x]+1 KUŠ₃ ina IGI GU₄.UD ana ŠU₂ IGI [...] | |
| 6' | [...] ⸢dele⸣-bat ina NIM ina ABSIN ŠU₂ in 11+[x ...] | |
| 7' | [...] | |
| 8' | [EN.NUN ša₂] gi-ne₂-e ša₂ TA BAR EN TIL KIN ⸢ša₂⸣ [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.