-122C (X301223)
Astronomical Diary, Parthian, Babylon · c. 141 BCE–224 CE
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| Designation | -122C |
|---|---|
| ID | X301223 |
| Museum no. | BM 45645 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Parthian · c. 141 BCE–224 CE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart3 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [1:3] o 2'2'–o 3'3' | [...] they entered and [...] in it [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [Month III, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ...] Night of the 2nd, the moon was [...] in front of δ Cancri [...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [... Mars was n] cubits [above Saturn], Mars being 2 fingers back to the west. The 4th, all day clouds were in the sky, the south wind bl[ew ...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | [... Night of the 9th, beginn]ing of the night, the moon was 2 cubits above α Librae, the moon having passed a little to the east. Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [... Night of the 11th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 2 ½ cubits [behind α Scorp]ii, the moon being 4 cubits high to the north. The 11th, clouds were in the sky, the north wind blew. Night of the 12th, beginning [of the night, ...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [... Night of the 15th,] all night clouds were in the sky; last part of the night, the moon was 3 cubits in front of β Capricorni; last part of the night, Venus was [...] below η [Tauri ...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [...] in the morning, clouds were in the sky, the north wind blew. The 19th, gusty north wind. Night of the 21st, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of η Piscium [...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | [... Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, the moon] stood [n] cubits [behind Saturn] to the east, the moon being 2/3 cubit low to the south. Night of the 24th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 cubit behind η Tauri [...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [... Mercury’s] first appearance in [... to the ea]st; it was small, rising of Mercury to sunrise: 11°; (ideal) first appearance on the 23rd. The 24th, rising of Mercury to sunrise: 12°; the north wind blew. Night of the 25th, [...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [... Mercury’s] last appearance [in the east] in Gemini; from its first appearance to its last, it was very small. Night of the 26th, in the morning watch, clouds were in the sky. The 26th, [...] |
| Obverse [11:13] o 12'12'– | [...] 2 pānu 3 sūtu; dates, until the middle of the month, 1 kurru 4 sūtu, until the end of the month, 1 kurru 2 pānu 5 sūtu [...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | [...] ..., measured ... [...] x cubits [...] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 4'4'–r 4'4' | [... Night of the 8th, beginning of the night,] the moon was 2 cubits behind β Librae, the moon being 2 cubits low to the south [...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 5'5'–r 5'5' | [... Night of the 9th, beg]inning of the night, the moon was 4 cubits above α Scorpii. Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] above θ Ophigh[uchigh ...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 6'6'–r 6'6' | [...] ... 3 fingers?; the north wind blew. Night of the 14th, sunset to moonrise: 3° [...] |
| Reverse [6:7] r 7'7'–r 7'7' | [... Night of the 19th, ...] ..., Venus was 4 fingers below μ Geminorum, Venus having passed 4 fingers to the east [...] |
| Reverse [7:8] r 8'8'–r 8'8' | [...] cubits, the moon being ... back to the west. Night of the 22nd, last part of the night, the moon was 4 cubits below η Tauri, the moon being [... back to the west ...] |
| Reverse [8:9] r 9'9'–r 9'9' | [... Night of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was ... η Geminorum,] the moon being 2 cubits low to the south; last part of the night, Venus was ½ cubit below Jupiter, Venus being 2 fingers back to the west [...] |
| Reverse [9:10] r 10'10'–r 10'10' | [... Night of the 26th, last part of the night, ...] ..., the moon stood 2? cubits behind Venus to the east, the moon being 2 ½? cubits low to the south ... [...] |
| Reverse [10:11] r 11'11'–r 11'11' | [... η] Piscium ... [...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [...] ⸢KU₄⸣-uʾ u ina lib₃-⸢bi⸣ [...] | |
| 3' | {[itu}SIG 1 ...] GE₆ 2 sin ina IGI MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-ALLA-ša₂-⸢ULU₃⸣ n n ...] | |
| 4' | [... AN e GENNA n] KUŠ₃ AN 2 SI ana ŠU₂ LAL 4 kal ME DIR AN ZA ULU₃ ⸢GIN⸣ [...] | |
| 5' | [... GE₆ 9 ⸢SAG⸣ GE₆ sin e RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 2 KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa ana NIM DIB GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ sin [...] | |
| 6' | [... GE₆ 11 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂] ⸢SI₄⸣ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 4 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM 11 DIR AN ZA SI GIN GE₆ 12 SAG [GE₆ ...] | |
| 7' | [... GE₆ 15 ⸢kal⸣ GE₆ DIR AN ZA ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI SI-MAŠ₂ 3 KUŠ₃ ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat SIG MUL₂.⸢MUL₂⸣ n n ...] | |
| 8' | [...] ina še-ri₃ DIR AN ZA SI GIN 19 SI ŠAR₂ GE₆ 21 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI DUR-nu-nu n n ...] | |
| 9' | [... GE₆ 23 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ GENNA n] KUŠ₃ ana NIM GUB sin 2/3 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂.MUL₂ 1 KUŠ₃ [...] | |
| 10' | [... n n ana] ⸢NIM⸣ IGI TUR 11 na-su in 23 IGI 24 12 na GU₄.UD SI GIN GE₆ 25 [...] | |
| 11' | [... GU₄.UD ina NIM] ina MAŠ.MAŠ ŠU₂ TA IGI-šu₂ EN ŠU₂-šu₂ ma-diš TUR GE₆ 26 U₄.ZAL DIR AN ⸢ZA⸣ 26 [...] | |
| 12' | [...] 2(BARIG) 3(BAN₂) ZU₂ EN MURUB₄ ITU 1 GUR 4(BAN₂) EN TIL ITU 1 GUR 2(BARIG) 5(BAN₂) [...] | |
| r | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 3' | [...] ⸢x muš x x⸣ [x x x] x KUŠ₃ [...] | |
| 4' | [... GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆] ⸢sin ar₂ RIN₂⸣-ša₂-SI 2 KUŠ₃ sin 2 KUŠ₃ ⸢ana ULU₃ SIG⸣ [...] | |
| 5' | [... GE₆ 9 ⸢SAG⸣ GE₆ sin e SI₄ 4 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ sin e MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-[KIR₄-šil-PA n n ...] | |
| 6' | [...] ⸢x x x⸣ 3 SI SI GIN GE₆ 14 3 GE₆ [...] | |
| 7' | [... GE₆ 19 ...] ⸢x⸣ dele-bat SIG MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-še-pit₂-MAŠ.MAŠ 4 ⸢SI dele-bat 4 SI ana NIM DIB⸣ [...] | |
| 8' | [...] ⸢KUŠ₃ sin x x⸣ ana ŠU₂ LAL GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂ ⸢sin⸣ SIG ⸢MUL₂.MUL₂ 4 KUŠ₃⸣ sin n n ana ŠU₂ LAL ...] | |
| 9' | [... GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin x MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-še-pit₂-MAŠ.MAŠ n n] ⸢sin⸣ 2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat SIG MUL₂.BABBAR 1/2 KUŠ₃ ⸢dele-bat 2 SI ana ŠU₂⸣ [LAL ...] | |
| 10' | [... GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂ ...] ⸢x sin ar₂ dele-bat 2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM GUB⸣ sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 11' | [...] ⸢DUR⸣-nu-nu ⸢x x x x x x⸣ [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.