-121 (X301210)
Astronomical Diary, Parthian, Babylon · c. 141 BCE–224 CE
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| Designation | -121 |
|---|---|
| ID | X301210 |
| Museum no. | BM 34827 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Parthian · c. 141 BCE–224 CE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart3 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [...] ... That month, the equivalent was: barley, [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [...] 1 qa; mustard, 1 kurru 3 pānu 2 sūtu; cress, [...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [...] ... [...] reached Virgo; around the 17th, Mercury’s [first appearance] in the west in Cancer [...] |
| Obverse [4:6] o 5'5'–o 6'6' | [...] reached? ...; the 20th?, in ... [...] from the 1st to the 10th, attack of sm[all?] locusts [...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [Month IV, ...] 4 fingers high to the north. The 1st, a gusty north wind blew [... Night of the 2nd, the moon was] 4 cubits [below θ] Leonis. The 2nd, gusty north wind. Night of the 3rd, [...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [... the moon was] 8 fingers in front of Mars. The 3rd, the north wind blew. Night [of the 4th, ... the moon was] 2 cubits [behind γ] Virginis. Night of the 5th (and) the 5th, [...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [...] ... 1/2 cubit [...], the moon being 1 cubit 6 fingers [... Night of the 8th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 1 1/2 cubits behind α Scorpii, the moon being 4 [cubits high to the north ...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | [...] high to the north. The 9th, Jupiter’s first appearance in Cancer ... [... The 9th, Sirius’] first appearance; I did not watch; gusty north and west winds bl[ew ...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [... Night of the 13th,] moonrise to sunset: [x]+1° 30', measured; the moon was 1 [cubit] above δ Capricorni [... Venus was] 1 2/3 cubits [below γ] Virginis. The 13th, [...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [...] cubits. Night of the 16th, last part of the night, Saturn was [...] below η [Tauri ...] Mars was 1 [cubit] below γ Virginis [...] |
| Obverse [11:13] o 12'12'– | [... Night of the 19th,] last part of the night, the moon was [...] behind β Arie[tis ... Night] of the 20th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of [η Tauri,] |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1'r 1'–r 1'r 1' | [the moon being ...] low to the south, [it stood?] 2? cubits? in front of Saturn ... [...] the 22nd? [...] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 2'2'–r 2'2' | [...] were in the sky, ZI IR; last part of the night, the moon was [...] behind [...] ... [...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | [...] dense mist, I did not watch. Night of the 24th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] behind [...] clouds were in the sky. Night of the 26th, [last part of the night, the moon was] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 4'4'–r 4'4' | 1/2 cubit [... θ /δ ] Cancri, [it stood] 1+[x cubits] in front of Jupiter [to the west ... un]til the 7th, 1 pānu; from the 8th to the 20+[xth, ...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 5'5'–r 5'5' | [... Venus] was 1/2 cubit below α Virginis. [That] month, [...] ... [...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 6'6'–r 6'6' | [...] until the end of the month, 1+[x ...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [...] ⸢x x⸣ ITU BI KI.LAM še-im [...] | |
| 3' | [...] 1 qa kas₃ 1 GUR 3(BARIG) 2(BAN₂) sah-le₁₀ [...] | |
| 4' | [...] ⸢x x x⸣ AN ⸢x⸣ [...] ABSIN KUR-ad₂ in 17 GU₄.UD ina ŠU₂ ina ALLA [IGI ...] | |
| 5' | [...] x x x x x KUR 20 x x [...] TA 1 EN 10 ZI-ut BURU₅{hi.a} ⸢TUR⸣ [...] | |
| 6' | {[itu}ŠU ...] 4 SI ana SI NIM 1 SI ŠAR₂ GIN [... GE₆ 2 sin SIG GIŠ.KUN]-A 4 KUŠ₃ 2 SI ŠAR₂ GE₆ 3 [...] | |
| 7' | [... sin ina] IGI AN 8 SI 3 SI GIN GE₆ 4 ... sin ar₂ DELE]-⸢ša₂⸣-IGI-ABSIN 2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 5 5 [...] | |
| 8' | [...] x 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1 KUŠ₃ 6 ⸢SI⸣ [... GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆] ⸢sin⸣ ar₂ SI₄ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 4 [KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM ...] | |
| 9' | [... ana] ⸢SI⸣ NIM 9 MUL₂.BABBAR ina ALLA IGI ⸢x⸣ [... 9 KAK.BAN] IGI NU PAP SI u MAR ŠAR₂{meš} ⸢GIN⸣{meš} [...] | |
| 10' | [... GE₆ 13 x]+1.30 ME muš sin e SUHUR-ar₂ 1 [KUŠ₃ ... dele-bat SIG DELE]-ša₂-IGI-ABSIN 1 2/3 KUŠ₃ 13 [...] | |
| 11' | [...] KUŠ₃ GE₆ 16 ina ZALAG₂ GENNA SIG ⸢MUL₂⸣.[MUL₂ n n ...] AN SIG DELE-ša₂-IGI-ABSIN 1 [KUŠ₃ ...] | |
| 12' | [... GE₆ 19 ⸢ina ZALAG₂⸣ sin ar₂ MUL₂-⸢IGI-ša₂-SAG-HUN⸣ n n ... GE₆] 20 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI [MUL₂.MUL₂ n n] | |
| r | ||
| 1' | [sin n n] ⸢ana ULU₃⸣ SIG ina IGI GENNA 2 ⸢x x⸣ [...] 22 [...] | |
| 2' | [...] AN ZA ZI IR ina ZALAG₂ sin ⸢ar₂⸣ [...] ⸢x x⸣ [...] | |
| 3' | [...] ⸢x⸣ a-kam₂ KALAG NU PAP GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin ⸢ar₂⸣ [...] DIR AN ZA GE₆ 26 [ina ZALAG₂ sin] | |
| 4' | [x MUL₂-x-ša₂]-⸢ALLA⸣-ša₂-ULU₃ 1/2 KUŠ₃ ina IGI MUL₂.BABBAR 1+[x KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ GUB ...] ⸢EN⸣ 7 1 PI TA 8 EN 20+[x ...] | |
| 5' | [... dele-bat] SIG SA₄-ša₂-ABSIN 1/2 KUŠ₃ ⸢ITU⸣ [BI ...] ⸢x x x x x⸣ [...] | |
| 6' | [...] EN TIL ITU 1+[x ...] | |
| 7' | [...] ⸢x x⸣ [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.