-111A (X301111)
Astronomical Diary, Parthian, Babylon · c. 141 BCE–224 CE
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| Designation | -111A |
|---|---|
| ID | X301111 |
| Museum no. | BM 34096 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Parthian · c. 141 BCE–224 CE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart3 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1o 1–o 1o 1 | [Diary from month I until the end] of month VI of year 136, which is year 200, [king] Arsaces [...] |
| Obverse [1:2] o 22–o 22 | [... Saturn?] became stationary [...] Leo; all day very overcast, the north wind blew. Night of the 2nd, all night very overcast. The 2nd, clouds were in the sky, the north wind blew [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 33–o 33 | [...] gusty south wind, rain DUL, gusty south wind. The 4th, all day very overcast, gusty south wind. Night of the 5th, beginning of the night, the moon was [... θ Cancri ...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 44–o 44 | [... Night] of the 6th, all night very overcast, lightning flashed continuously, it thundered twice slowly. The 6th, clouds were in the sky, the north wind [blew ...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 55–o 55 | [Night of the 8th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 2 cubits [behind] ρ Leonis, the moon being 1 2/3 cubits low to the south. The 8th, the north wind blew. Night of the 9th, beginning of the ni[ght, the moon was ...] below β Virginis [...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 66–o 66 | [Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 1 cubit [in front of γ] Virginis, the moon being 4 cubits low to the south. Around the 10th, Venus’ last appearance in the west in Taurus. The 10th, Mercury’s first appearance [in the west in] Taurus; it was bright (and) high, [sunset to setting of Mercury: n°; (ideal) first appearance on the 8th ...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 77–o 77 | [... the sou]th wind blew. Night of the 12th, clouds crossed the sky, the south wind blew. The 12th, clouds crossed the sky, the south wind blew. Night of the 13th, clouds crossed the sky. The 13th, clouds crossed the sky; in the morning?, rain? [...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 88–o 88 | [... Night of the 14th], beginning of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits in front of α Scorpii. The 14th, there was no ‘moonset to sunrise’ or ‘sunrise to moonset’; clouds, I did not watch; clouds crossed the sky [...] rain shower, the south wind blew. Night of the 15th, [sunset to moonrise:] 9° 20' [...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 99–o 99 | [...] the north wind blew. Night of the 17th (and) the 17th, the north wind blew. Night of the 18th, first part of the night, Mercury was 1 1/2 cubits above η Geminorum; last part of the night, the moon was 1? 1/2 cubits behind β Capricorni, the moon being 2 cubits [low to the south ...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 1010–o 1010 | [... Night of the 19th, first part of the night, Mer]cury was 1 1/2 cubits above μ Geminorum; last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits above δ Capricorni, the moon having passed a little to the east. The 19th, in the afternoon, very overcast, the north wind blew. Night [of the 20th, ...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 1111–o 1111 | [Night of the 21st, first part of the night, Mercury was] 4 1/2 cubits [above γ Gemi]norum. The 21st, gusty north and west winds blew. The 22nd, Venus’ first appearance in the east in Taurus; it was bright, rising of Venus to sunrise: 17°; (ideal) first appearance on the 19th; clouds were in the sky, the north wind blew. The 23rd, ... [...] |
| Obverse [11:12] o 1212–o 1212 | [... ar]ound the 24th, Sirius’ last appearance; clouds, I did not watch; all day very overcast, gusty north and west winds blew. Night of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits behind a Arietis, the moon being 2 1/2 cubits [low] to the south [...] |
| Obverse [12:13] o 1313–o 1313 | [... Night of the 26th, last part of the night, the m]oon was 2 1/2 cubits above Venus, the moon being 1/2 cubit back to the west. The 27th, moonrise to sunrise: 13°, measured (despite) clouds; the north wind blew. Night of the 28th, first [part of the night, Mer]cury was 4 cubits below a Geminorum. The 29th, Jupiter’s first appearance in Taurus [...] |
| Obverse [13:14] o 1414–o 1414 | [... fr]om the 1st to the 4th, 4 pānu 4 sūtu; from the 5th to the 12th, 1 kurru; from the 13th to the 19th, 1 kurru 1 sūtu; from the 20th to the end of the month, 1 kurru 2 sūtu; not good ones, from the 13th to the end of the month, 1 kurru 1 pānu 4 sūtu; mu[stard, ...] |
| Obverse [14:15] o 1515–o 1515 | [...] 1 pānu 4 sūtu; from the 13th to the end of the month, 2 pānu; sesame, from the 1st to the 6th, 2 sūtu 3 1/2 qa and one-fourth; from the 7th to the end of the month, 2? sūtu 4 qa (and) one-fourth; wool, 2 minas. At [that time, ...] |
| Obverse [15:16] o 1616–o 1616 | [...] around the 10th, Venus’ [last appearance] in the west in Taurus; around the 19th, Venus’ first appearance in the east in Taurus; around the 8th, Mercury’s first appearance in the west in Taurus; on the 14th, Mercury reached Gemini; Saturn was in [...]; Mars was in Aquarius. That month, the river level, on the 1st, 2nd (and) 3rd, [...] |
| Obverse [16:17] o 1717–o 1717 | [... 1]1 and half was the na (gauge); fr[om the xth until the end of the mon]th, it receded 14 fingers, total: 15 was the na (gauge). That month, the 5th, ..., the chief of troops, [...] a distance of 2 1/2 bēru above Seleucia until? [...] |
| Obverse [17:19] o 1818–o 1919 | [...] ... of the king to Babylon? opposite of ... he placed; before? highm ... [...] ... |
| Obverse [18:19] o 1919–o 1919 | [Month II, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month),] sunset to moonset: [n°]; clouds, I did not watch; clouds were in the sky, the north wind blew. Night of the 2nd, the moon was 3 cubits below α Geminorum, the moon being 1/2 cubit back to the west ... [...] clouds were in the sky, the north wind blew. Night of the 3rd, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits behind β Geminorum, the moon being 2 cubits [low to the south; first part of the night,] |
| Obverse [19:20] o 2020–o 2020 | [Mercury was] 3 cubits below β Geminorum. Night of the 5th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits in front of α Leonis, the moon being 1 1/2 cubits low to the south. The 5th, the north wind blew. Night of the 6th, beginning of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits below ρ Leonis, the moon having passed a little to the east. [Night of the 7th, beginning of the night,] |
| Obverse [20:21] o 2121–o 2121 | thin clouds crossed the sky; the moon was surrounded by a halo, Saturn stood in the halo, 2 1/2 cubits behind the moon to the east. The 7th, clouds were in the sky, the north wind blew. Night of the 8th, beginning of the night, the moon was 3 cubits in front of γ Virginis, the moon being 4 cubits low to the south. The 8th, the north wind [blew. Night of the 9th, beginning of the night, the moon was x]+1 cubits [in front of α Virginis,] |
| Obverse [21:22] o 2222–o 2222 | the moon being 1 1/2 cubits low to the south. The 9th (and) the 10th, the north wind blew. Night of the 11th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2? cubits below α Librae, the moon having passed a little to the east. The 11th, very overcast, the east wind blew; at noon, it thundered [... slow]ly; rain shower [...] |
| Obverse [22:23] o 2323–o 2323 | [x]+1 cubits. Night of the 13th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits behind α Scorpii. The 13th, the north wind blew. Night of the 14th, moonrise to sunset: 8°, measured. The 14th, [sunrise to moonset:] x° ... Night of the 15th, [sunset to moonrise: 10]° [... Night of the 16th, last part of the night, the moon was ... below β Capricorni,] |
| Obverse [23:24] o 2424–o 2424 | [the moon] having passed a little? to the east. The 16th, the north wind blew. Night of the 17th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 cubit in front of γ Capricorni, the moon being 1 1/2 [cubits high to the north ...] |
| Obverse [24:25] o 2525–o 2525 | [...] 1 cubit, the moon being 2 1/2 cubits high to the north. The 20th (and) the 21st, the north wind blew, ZI IR. Night of the 22nd, ZI [IR ...] |
| Obverse [25:26] o 2626–o 2626 | [...] ZI IR. Night of the 24th, last part of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits in front of η Tauri. The 24th, thin clouds crossed the sky, ZI IR, the north wind blew ... [...] |
| Obverse [26:27] o 2727–o 2727 | [... clou]ds were in the sky, the south wind blew, ZI IR. Night of the 27th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits above ζ Tauri, the moon having passed a little to the east [...] |
| Obverse [27:28] o 2828–o 2828 | [... solar eclipse ...] when it began to clear [..., it cleared] in 8° of day from the south to the north [...] |
| Obverse [28:29] o 2929–o 2929 | [... 1] ⸢kurru⸣ 2 sūtu, until the end of the month, 1 kurru 5 sūtu; dates, 4 pānu4? sūtu ... [...] |
| Obverse [29:30] o 3030–o 3030 | [...] Mercury reached Cancer; around the 15th, Mercury [...] |
| Obverse [30:31] o 3131–o 3131 | [...] That [month], I heard as follows: the 1st, a man [...] |
| Obverse [31:32] o 3232–o 3232 | [...] fight he seized?, and tr[oops? ...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1 | [EN.NUN ša₂ gi-ne₂-e ša₂ TA {itu}BAR EN TIL] {itu}KIN ša₂ MU 1 ME 36.KAM₂ ša₂ ši-i MU 2 ME.KAM₂ {m}ar-ša₂-⸢kam₂⸣ [LUGAL ...] | |
| 2 | [... GENNA ...] ⸢A⸣ UŠ kal ME ŠU₂.ŠU₂ SI GIN GE₆ 2 kal ⸢GE₆⸣ ŠU₂.ŠU₂ 2 DIR AN ZA SI GIN [...] | |
| 3 | [...] ULU₃ ŠAR₂ AN DUL-hat ULU₃ ŠAR₂ 4 kal ME ⸢ŠU₂.ŠU₂ ULU₃⸣ ŠAR₂ GE₆ 5 SAG GE₆ sin [x MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-ALLA-ša₂-ULU₃ n n ...] | |
| 4 | [... GE₆] 6 kal GE₆ ŠU₂.ŠU₂ GIR₂ GIR₂.GIR₂ U 2-šu₂ ⸢GU₃-šu₂ ne₂-hi⸣ ŠUB-di 6 DIR AN ZA SI [GIN ...] | |
| 5 | [GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ MUL₂-TUR-ša₂]-4-KUŠ₃-ar₂-LUGAL 2 KUŠ₃ sin 1 2/3 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG 8 SI GIN GE₆ 9 SAG ⸢GE₆⸣ [sin] SIG GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-[A n n ...] | |
| 6 | [GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI DELE]-⸢ša₂-IGI⸣-ABSIN 1 KUŠ₃ sin 4 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG in 10 dele-bat ina ŠU₂ ina MUL₂.MUL₂ ŠU₂ 10 GU₄.UD [ina ŠU₂ ina] ⸢MUL₂⸣.MUL₂ IGI KUR NIM n na-su in 8 IGI ...] | |
| 7 | [...] ⸢ULU₃⸣ GIN GE₆ 12 DIR AN DIB ULU₃ GIN 12 DIR AN DIB ULU₃ GIN ⸢GE₆ 13 DIR AN DIB 13 DIR AN DIB ⸢ina še-ri₃ AN⸣ [...] | |
| 8 | [... GE₆ 14 ⸢SAG GE₆⸣ sin ina IGI SI₄ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ 14 ŠU₂ u na NU TUK DIR NU PAP DIR AN DIB [x x x x] AN UTAH ULU₃ GIN GE₆ 15 9.20 [GE₆ ...] | |
| 9 | [...] SI GIN GE₆ 17 17 SI GIN GE₆ 18 USAN GU₄.UD e MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-še-pit₂-MAŠ.MAŠ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ SI-MAŠ₂ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 2 KUŠ₃ [ana ULU₃ SIG ...] | |
| 10 | [... GE₆ 19 USAN] ⸢GU₄⸣.UD e MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-še-pit₂-MAŠ.MAŠ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ina ZALAG₂ sin e MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa ana NIM DIB 19 ina KIN.SIG ŠU₂.ŠU₂ SI GIN GE₆ 20 ...] | |
| 11 | [GE₆ 21 USAN GU₄.UD e MAŠ.MAŠ-ša₂]-SIPA 4 1/2 KUŠ₃ 21 SI u MAR ŠAR₂{meš} GIN-uʾ 22 dele-bat ina NIM ina MUL₂.MUL₂ IGI KUR 17 na-su⸣ in 19 IGI DIR AN ZA SI GIN 23 ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 12 | [...] ⸢in⸣ 24 {mul₂}KAK.BAN ŠU₂ DIR NU PAP kal ME ŠU₂.ŠU₂ SI u MAR ŠAR₂{meš} GIN-uʾ GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-HUN 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ [SIG ...] | |
| 13 | [x x GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂] ⸢sin⸣ e dele-bat 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 ⸢KUŠ₃ ana⸣ ŠU₂ LAL 27 13 KUR ⸢DIR⸣ muš SI GIN GE₆ 28 ⸢USAN GU₄⸣.UD SIG MAŠ.MAŠ-IGI 4 KUŠ₃ 29 MUL₂.BABBAR ina MUL₂.MUL₂ IGI [...] | |
| 14 | [...] ⸢TA⸣ 1 EN 4 4(BARIG) 4(BAN₂) TA 5 EN 12 1 GUR TA 13 EN 19 1 GUR 1(BAN₂) TA 20 EN TIL ITU 1 GUR 2(BAN₂) NU DU₃{meš} TA 13 EN TIL ITU 1 GUR 1(BARIG) 4(BAN₂) ⸢kas₃⸣ [...] | |
| 15 | [...] 1(BARIG) 4(BAN₂) TA 13 EN TIL ITU 2(BARIG) PI ŠE.GIŠ.I₃ TA 1 EN 6 2(BAN₂) 3 1/2 qa u₃ 4-ʾu-u₂⸣ TA 7 EN TIL ITU 2(BAN₂) 4 qa 4-ʾu-u₂ SIG₂{hi.a} 2 MA.NA i-[nu-šu₂ ...] | |
| 16 | [...] in 10 dele-bat ina ŠU₂ ina MUL₂.[MUL₂ ŠU₂] ⸢in⸣ 19 dele-bat ina NIM ina MUL₂.MUL₂ IGI in 8 GU₄.UD ina ŠU₂ <ina> MUL₂.MUL₂ IGI in 14 GU₄.UD MAŠ.MAŠ KUR-ad₂ GENNA ina [x] AN ina ⸢GU⸣ ITU BI ILLU 1 2 3 [...] | |
| 17 | [...] 11 u mi-šil na ⸢TA⸣ [x EN TIL] ⸢ITU⸣ 14 SI LAL PAP 15 na ITU BI U₄ 5.KAM {m}⸢mi-it-ra-da-ta-a⸣ {lu₂}GAL.GAL u₂-qa-a-nu 2 1/2 DANNA qaq-qar AN.TA {⸢uru}se-lu-ke-ʾa-a a-di⸣ [...] | |
| 18 | [...] ⸢x x⸣ LUGAL ana E{ki} ana tar-ṣi ⸢x x x x x⸣ GAR-an IGI-šu₂ ⸢x x x x x x⸣ [x x] IG TUK-ši | |
| 19 | {[itu}GU₄ 30 n] na DIR NU PAP DIR AN ZA SI GIN GE₆ 2 sin SIG MAŠ.MAŠ-IGI 3 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ⸢ana ŠU₂ LAL x⸣ [x x x x] DIR AN ZA SI GIN GE₆ 3 sin ar₂ MAŠ.MAŠ-ar₂ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 2 KUŠ₃ ana [ULU₃ SIG USAN] | |
| 20 | [GU₄.UD] ⸢SIG⸣ MAŠ.MAŠ-ar₂ 3 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 5 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI LUGAL 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG 5 SI GIN GE₆ 6 SAG GE₆ sin SIG MUL₂-TUR-ša₂-4-KUŠ₃-ar₂-LUGAL 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa ana NIM DIB [GE₆ 7 SAG GE₆] | |
| 21 | ⸢DIR⸣ SAL AN DIB sin TUR₃ NIGIN GENNA ina ⸢ŠA₃ TUR₃⸣ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ar₂ sin ana NIM GUB 7 DIR AN ZA SI GIN GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI DELE-ša₂-IGI-⸢ABSIN⸣ 3 KUŠ₃ sin 4 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG 8 SI [GIN GE₆ 9 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI SA₄-ša₂-ABSIN] | |
| 22 | [x]+1 KUŠ₃ sin 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG 9 10 SI GIN GE₆ 11 SAG GE₆ sin SIG RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 2 KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa ana NIM DIB⸣ 11 ŠU₂.ŠU₂ KUR GIN AN.BAR₇ U [x x GU₃-šu₂ ne₂]-hi ŠUB-di AN UTAH [...] | |
| 23 | [x x]+1 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 13 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ SI₄ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ 13 SI GIN GE₆ 14 8 ME muš 14 ⸢x x x⸣ [na] GE₆ 15 10 UŠ [GE₆ ... GE₆ 16 ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG SI-MAŠ₂ n n] | |
| 24 | [sin i]-⸢ṣa⸣ ana NIM DIB 16 SI GIN GE₆ 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ 1 KUŠ₃ sin 1 1/2 [KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM ...] | |
| 25 | [...] 1 KUŠ₃ sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM 20 21 SI GIN ZI IR GE₆ 22 ZI [IR ...] | |
| 26 | [...] ZI IR GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI ⸢MUL₂.MUL₂ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ 24 DIR SAL AN DIB ZI IR SI GIN ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 27 | [...] ⸢DIR⸣ AN ZA ULU₃ GIN ⸢ZI IR GE₆⸣ 27 ina ZALAG₂ sin e ⸢ŠUR-GIGIR⸣-ša₂-ULU₃ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa ana NIM ⸢DIB⸣ [...] | |
| 28 | [...] ⸢x⸣ [x x] ⸢x x⸣ [x x ana] ZALAG₂-ru ki-i TAB-u₂ ina 8 ME TA ULU₃ ana SI [ZALAG₂-ir ...] | |
| 29 | [...] ⸢GUR⸣ 2(BAN₂) EN TIL ITU 1 GUR 5(BAN₂) ZU₂.LUM 4(BARIG) 4(BAN₂) x⸣ [...] | |
| 30 | [...] GU₄.UD ALLA KUR-ad₂ in 15 GU₄.UD [...] | |
| 31 | [... ITU] BI al-te-e um-ma U₄ 1 {lu₂}[x ...] | |
| 32 | [...] ⸢x⸣ LU₂.NE DIB-ma {lu₂}⸢ERIN₂⸣{meš} [...] | |
| 33 | [...] ⸢x x x⸣ [...] | |
Sources & licences
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Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.