-103A (X301031)
Astronomical Diary, Parthian, Babylon · c. 141 BCE–224 CE
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| Designation | -103A |
|---|---|
| ID | X301031 |
| Museum no. | BM 45622 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Parthian · c. 141 BCE–224 CE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart3 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [...] 4 cubits low to the south. The 4th, sunset to setting of Venus: 8°; the north wind blew. Night of the 5th, beginning of the night, [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [...] ...; first part of the night, very overcast, lightning flashed, slow thunder, much slow rain. Around the 6th, Venus’ [last appearance in the west in ...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [...] ... Night of the 8th, beginning of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits behind θ Leonis, the moon being 4 1/2 cubits low to the south ... [...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | [... Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 2 cubits [behind] γ Virginis, the moon being 3 cubits high to the north. Night of the 11th (and) the 11th, very overcast, the north wind blew. Night of the 12th, very overcast. The 12th, [...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [...] afternoon?, strong gusty storms from all four directions blew. Night of the 14th, sunset to moonrise: 4°; clouds, I did not watch [...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [... in] the afternoon, the north wind blew. Night of the 15th, first part of the night, very overcast, lightning flashed continuously, much slow thunder, rain DUL; last part of the night, the moon [stood ...] behind [Saturn? ...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [... Venus’] first appearance [in the east] in Taurus; rising of Venus to sunrise: 13°; (ideal) first appearance on the 14th. Night of the 18th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 [cubit] in front of γ Capricorni [...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | [... Night of the 24th, last part of the night, the moon was] 6 cubits [below β Arie]tis (ADART3: [η Pisci]um), the moon having passed a little to the east. Night of the 25th (and) the 25th, the north wind blew. Night of the 26th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 cubit in front of Venus, the moon being 2 cu[bits low to the south ...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [... Mars’] first appearance [in ..., Mars being n] cubits high to the north; it was small, rising of Mars to sunrise: 16°; (ideal) first appearance on the 27th. The 29th, the north wind blew. That month, the equivalent was: barley, until the 11th, [...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [...] xth, 2 pānu 2 sūtu; until the 20th, 2 pānu 1 sūtu 3 qa; until the end of the month, 2 pānu 2 sūtu; mustard, 1 kurru 2 pānu 3 sūtu; cress, 1 sūtu? 3? qa [...] |
| Obverse [11:12] o 12'12'–o 12'12' | [... Mer]cury was in Taurus; on the 6th, Mercury reached Gemini; around the 17th, Mercury’s last appearance in the west in Gemini; Saturn was in [Sagittarius ...] |
| Obverse [12:14] o 13'13'–o 14'14' | [...] the Esangila as before. That month, the yield of fish dropped very much [...] |
| Obverse [13:14] o 14'14'–o 14'14' | [Month III, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month), ...] in the afternoon, a little rain shower, the north wind blew. Night of the 3rd, very overcast. Night of the 4th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] below [ε Leonis ...] |
| Obverse [14:15] o 15'15'–o 15'15' | [...] ..., the south wind blew. The 6th, in the morning, clouds were in the sky, thick rain shower, the south wind [...] |
| Obverse [15:16] o 16'16'–o 16'16' | [... the moon was] 2 1/2 cubits [behind α Virg]inis, the moon being 2 1/2 cubits high to the north [...] |
| Obverse [16:17] o 17'17'–o 17'17' | [... beginning of the] night, the moon was [...] behind [...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x x x x x⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [...] 4 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG 4 8 na dele-bat SI GIN GE₆ 5 SAG ⸢GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| 3' | [...] ⸢x⸣ USAN ŠU₂.ŠU₂ GIR₂ GIR₂ GU₃ U ne₂-hi AN MAH ne₂-hi in 6 dele-bat [ina ŠU₂ ina x ŠU₂ ...] | |
| 4' | [...] ⸢x⸣ GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ GIŠ.KUN-A 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 4 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 5' | [... GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂] DELE-ša₂-IGI-ABSIN 2 KUŠ₃ sin 3 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM GE₆ 11 11 ŠU₂.ŠU₂ SI GIN GE₆ 12 ŠU₂.ŠU₂ 12 [...] | |
| 6' | [...] ⸢KIN.SIG⸣ me-he-e IM.LIMMU.BA ŠAR₂{meš} KALAG{meš} GIN-uʾ GE₆ 14 4 GE₆ DIR NU PAP ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 7' | [... ina] KIN.SIG SI GIN GE₆ 15 USAN ŠU₂.ŠU₂ GIR₂ GIR₂.GIR₂ GU₃ U MAH ne₂-hi AN DUL-hat ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ [GENNA ...] | |
| 8' | [... dele-bat ina NIM] ina MUL₂.MUL₂ IGI 13 na-su in 14 IGI GE₆ 18 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ 1 [KUŠ₃ ...] | |
| 9' | [... GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-SAG]-⸢HUN⸣ 6 KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa ana NIM DIB GE₆ 25 25 SI GIN GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI dele-bat 1 KUŠ₃ sin 2 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ [ana ULU₃ SIG ...] | |
| 10' | [... AN n] ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ ana SI NIM IGI TUR 16 na-su in 27 IGI 29 SI GIN ITU BI KI.LAM še-im EN 11 [...] | |
| 11' | [...] ⸢x⸣ 2(BARIG) 2(BAN₂) EN 20 2(BARIG) 1(BAN₂) 3 qa EN TIL ITU 2(BARIG) 2(BAN₂) kas₃ 1 GUR 2(BARIG) 3(BAN₂) sah 1(BAN₂) 3 qa [...] | |
| 12' | [... GU₄].⸢UD⸣ ina MUL₂.MUL₂ in 6 GU₄.UD MAŠ.MAŠ KUR-ad₂ in 17 GU₄.UD ina ŠU₂ ina MAŠ.MAŠ ŠU₂ GENNA ina [PA ...] | |
| 13' | [... ša₂-kan IM.BABBAR ana UGU] E₂.SAG.GIL₂ GIM IGI-u₂ ITU BI me-šir₃-tu₄ KU₆{hi.a} ma-diš LAL-ma [...] | |
| 14' | {[itu}SIG 30 ...] ⸢ina KIN⸣.SIG AN UTAH i-ṣa SI GIN GE₆ 3 ŠU₂.ŠU₂ GE₆ 4 SAG GE₆ sin SIG [SAG-A n n ...] | |
| 15' | [...] ⸢x⸣ ULU₃ GIN 6 ina še-ri₃ DIR AN ZA AN kab-bar UTAH ULU₃ [...] | |
| 16' | [... sin ar₂ SA₄-ša₂]-⸢ABSIN⸣ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ⸢SI NIM⸣ [...] | |
| 17' | [... SAG] ⸢GE₆⸣ sin ⸢ar₂ MUL₂⸣ [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.