-93A (X300931)
Astronomical Diary, Parthian, Babylon · c. 141 BCE–224 CE
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| Designation | -93A |
|---|---|
| ID | X300931 |
| Museum no. | BM 32884 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Parthian · c. 141 BCE–224 CE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart3 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1o 1–o 1o 1 | [... in the af]ternoon, the earth quaked. Night of the 8th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits below α Librae, the moon having passed a little to the east; last part of the night, Venus was 4? [cubits] below α Geminorum |
| Obverse [1:2] o 22–o 22 | [... Night of the 9th, beginning of the night, the moon was ..., the moon being ...] low to the south, it stood 1 cubit [nn] fingers behind Jupiter to the east. Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits behind α Scorpii. Night of the 12th, last part of the night, Venus was [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 33–o 33 | [...] Night of the 14th, moonrise to sunset: 4°, measured. When ... culminated, lunar eclipse; when it began on the south side, in 13° of night it made 3 fingers; |
| Obverse [3:4] o 44–o 44 | [...] in its eclipse, the north wind blew; in its eclipse, Jupiter stood there; during clearing, Saturn came out; the remainder of the planets did not stand there |
| Obverse [4:5] o 55–o 55 | [...] The 14th, sunset to setting of Mars: 10+[x°]; the north wind blew. Night of the 15th, sunset to moonrise: [x° 5]0'; I did not watch; beginning of the night, the moon was 2 cubits behind δ Capricorni, the moon being 1 cubit [high] to the north |
| Obverse [5:6] o 66–o 66 | [... Night of the 19th, last part of the night, the moon was] 1/2 cubit [...] η Piscium. [Night] of the 20th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits behind α Arietis, the moon being 2 cubits low to the south. |
| Obverse [6:7] o 77–o 77 | [...] Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, the moon was [x]+1/2 cubits in front of β Tauri, the moon being 1 cubit low to the south. Night of the 24th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of η |
| Obverse [7:8] o 88–o 88 | [Geminorum ...] high to the north. Night of the 26th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 cubit in front of [β] Geminorum, the moon being 2 1/2 cubits low to the south. Night of the 27th, last part of the night, the moon [stood] 3 1/2 cubits in front of Venus |
| Obverse [8:9] o 99–o 99 | [to the west ...] ..., at the end of the month, 2 pānu 5 sūtu; not good (barley), 3 pānu 4 sūtu 3 qa; dates, 1 pānu 4 sūtu; mustard, 4 pānu; cress, 3 sūtu 4 1/2 qa; sesame, 1 sūtu 3 qa; |
| Obverse [9:10] o 1010–o 1010 | [... Mer]cury’s last appearance in the west in Leo; Saturn was in Aries; Mars was in Leo; around the 17th, Mars’ last appearance in Leo. That month, the river level receded 1 cubit 8 fingers, total: 13 was the na (gauge) |
| Obverse [10:11] o 1111–o 1111 | [...] went out to the province of Media. That month, there were many sick and dead in the land. That month, |
| Obverse [11:12] o 1212–o 1212 | [...] the second river which is above Seleucia which is on the Euphrates on the mountain side |
| Obverse [12:14] o 1313–o 1414 | [...] they began to dig, and he went there. |
| Obverse [13:14] o 1414–o 1414 | [Month V, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ...] ..., the moon being 3 cubits low to the south. Night of the 4th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits behind α Virginis, the moon being 1 1/2 cubits low to the south. Night of the 5th, beginning of the night, the moon was |
| Obverse [14:15] o 1515–o 1515 | [...] Night of the 6th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 cubits behind β Librae, the moon being 5 cubits low to the south, it stood 1 1/2 cubits in front of Jupiter to the west, the moon being 3 cubits low to the south |
| Obverse [15:16] o 1616–o 1616 | [... x]+1/2 cubits, the moon having passed 1/2 cubit to the east. Night of the 11th, beginning of the night, the moon was 1 cubit behind β Capricorni, the moon being 2 1/2 cubits low to the south. Night of the 12th, beginning of the night, the moon was |
| Obverse [16:17] o 1717–o 1717 | [...] sunset to moonrise: [x]+20'. Night of the 16th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 cubit in front of η Piscium. The 16th, rising of Venus to sunrise: 13°. Around the 16th, [when] Saturn [became stationary] to the east, |
| Obverse [17:18] o 1818–o 1818 | [... Night of the 17th, last part of the night, the moon was] 2 cubits [... α Arietis], 3 cubits above Saturn, the moon being 1/2 cubit back to the west. Night of the 19th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 cubit behind η Tauri. Night of the 20th, last part of the night, the moon was 2 cubits behind α Tauri |
| Obverse [18:19] o 1919–o 1919 | [...] having passed to the east. Night of the 22nd, last part of the night, the moon was 4 1/2 cubits above γ Geminorum. Around the 22nd, Mercury’s last appearance in the east in Leo; I did not watch. Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, the moon was |
| Obverse [19:20] o 2020–o 2020 | [...] below [α Geminorum ... Night of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was] 2 cubits [behind] δ Cancri, the moon being 1/2 cubit low to the south. Night of the 26th, last part of the night, the moon was 2 cubits in front of α Leonis, the moon being 1 cubit low to the south |
| Obverse [20:21] o 2121–o 2121 | [... of the m]onth, 2 pānu 5 sūtu; until the end of the month, 3 pānu; dates, from the 1st to the 15th, 1 pānu 3 sūtu 3qa; [from the 1]6th to the end of the month, 1 pānu 3 sūtu 1 1/2 qa; mustard, 4 pānu; |
| Obverse [21:22] o 2222–o 2222 | [...] minas. At that time, Jupiter was in Scorpius; Venus was in Cancer; on the 7th, Venus reached Leo; the 20th, Venus’ last appearance in the east in Leo; around the 4th, Mercury’s first appearance in the east in the end of Cancer; around the 10th, |
| Obverse [22:23] o 2323–o 2323 | [...] I heard that Arsaces, king of kings, departed to? the province of Media as before. That month, pregnant women |
| Obverse [23:24] o 2424–o 2424 | [...] dug the river which is above Seleucia which is on the Euphrates, as before. A heavy work obligation |
| Obverse [24:25] o 2525–o 2525 | [... which were] written to the administrator of the Esangila and the Babylonians, were read in the house of counsel which is in the Juniper Garden |
| Obverse [25:26] o 2626–o 2626 | [...] the Babylonians whose names were written in thighs leather document who ... make known with highm |
| Obverse [26:28] o 2727–o 2828 | [...] (blank) |
| Obverse [27:28] o 2828–o 2828 | [Month VI, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ... Night of the 4th, beginning of the night, the m]oon was 1/2 cubit behind π Scorpii, the moon being 1 cubit low to the south, it stood 1 cubit 4 fingers behind Jupiter to the east, the moon being 2 cubits low to the south. |
| Obverse [28:29] o 2929–o 2929 | [... Night of the 8th, beginning of the night, the moon was nn] cubits [... β Capricorni], the moon being 2 1/2 cubits low to the south. Night of the 9th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 cubits in front of γ Capricorni, the moon being 1 cubit high to the north |
| Obverse [29:30] o 3030–o 3030 | [... measu]red. Night of the 14th, sunset to moonrise: 2°; first part of the night, Jupiter, whighle moving back to the east, was 6 fingers below β Scorpii; last part of the night, the moon was 1 cubit below β Arietis |
| Obverse [30:31] o 3131–o 3131 | [... Night of the 17th, last part of the night, the moon was] 3 cubits [above α Tau]ri, the moon having passed 1/2 cubit to the east. The 17th, ZI IR. Night of the 18th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits below β Tauri, the moon being [...] |
| Obverse [31:32] o 3232–o 3232 | [... Night of the 21st, last] part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits behind β Geminorum, the moon being 2 1/2 cubits low to the south. The 21st, at noon, [...] |
| Obverse [32:33] o 3333–o 3333 | [... Night of the 24th, last part of the night, the moon was] 1 cubit [... ρ] Leonis, the moon being 1 cubit low to the south [...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1 | [... ina] ⸢KIN⸣.SIG KI i-nu-uš GE₆ 8 ⸢SAG GE₆⸣ sin SIG RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa ana NIM DIB ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat SIG MAŠ.MAŠ-IGI 4 [KUŠ₃] | |
| 2 | [... GE₆ 9 SAG GE₆ sin ... sin n n] ana ULU₃ SIG ar₂ MUL₂.BABBAR 1 KUŠ₃ [n] SI ana NIM GUB GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ ⸢sin⸣ ar₂ SI₄ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 12 ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat [x x] | |
| 3 | [...] GE₆ 14 4 ME muš MUL₂ ⸢x x⸣ [x] ziq-pi sin AN.KU₁₀ A₂ ULU₃ ki TAB-u₂ ina 13 GE₆ 3 SI GAR-⸢an⸣ | |
| 4 | [...] ina AN.KU₁₀-šu₂ SI GIN ina AN.KU₁₀-⸢šu₂ MUL₂⸣.BABBAR GUB ina ZALAG₂ GENNA E-a IB₂.TAG₄ {d}UDU.IDIM{meš} NU GUB{meš} | |
| 5 | [...] 14 10+[x] na AN SI GIN GE₆ 15 n.50 GE₆ NU PAP SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ 2 KUŠ₃ sin 1 KUŠ₃ ana ⸢SI⸣ [NIM] | |
| 6 | [... GE₆ 19 ina ZALAG₂ sin ...] MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-DUR-nu-nu 1/2 KUŠ₃ [GE₆] 20 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-HUN 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG | |
| 7 | [...] GE₆ 23 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-⸢SI⸣ [x]+1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MUL₂ IGI ša₂ | |
| 8 | [(MUL₂-IGI-ša₂)-še-pit₂-MAŠ.MAŠ n n ... ana] SI NIM GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MAŠ.MAŠ-[ar₂] 1 KUŠ₃ sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 27 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI dele-bat 3 1/2 KUŠ₃ | |
| 9 | [ana ŠU₂ GUB ...] ⸢x⸣ ina TIL ITU 2(BARIG) 5(BAN₂) NU DU₃-tu₂ 3(BARIG) 4(BAN₂) 3 qa ⸢ZU₂⸣.LUM.MA 1(BARIG) 4(BAN₂) kas₃ 4(BARIG) PI sah-le₁₀ 3(BAN₂) 4 1/2 qa ŠE.GIŠ.I₃ 1(BAN₂) 3 qa | |
| 10 | [... in x] ⸢GU₄⸣.UD ina ŠU₂ ina A ŠU₂ GENNA ina HUN AN ina A in 17 AN ina A ŠU₂ ITU BI ILLU 1 KUŠ₃ 8 SI LAL PAP 13 na | |
| 11 | [... x]-⸢ti₃⸣ ana {kur}ma-di-na-at ša₂ KUR ma-da-a-a E₃-a ITU BI GIG{meš} u UŠ₂{meš} ina KUR MAH{meš} ITU BI | |
| 12 | [...] ⸢ID₂⸣ ša₂-nu-u₂ ša₂ AN.TA {uru}se-lu-⸢ke⸣-ʾa-a ša₂ ana UGU {id₂}BURANUN i-na i-di-i ša₂-di-i | |
| 13 | [...] ⸢x⸣ a-na he-ru-u₂ ul-te-ru-u₂ ⸢u₃ ana⸣ muh-hi ⸢GIN⸣-ak | |
| 14 | {[itu}NE 1 ...] ⸢x⸣ sin 3 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 4 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ SA₄-ša₂-ABSIN 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 5 SAG GE₆ sin | |
| 15 | [...] GE₆ 6 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ RIN₂-ša₂-SI 2 KUŠ₃ sin 5 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG ina IGI MUL₂.BABBAR 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ GUB sin 3 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG | |
| 16 | [... x]+1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM DIB GE₆ 11 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ SI-MAŠ₂ 1 KUŠ₃ sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 12 SAG GE₆ sin | |
| 17 | [... x]+20 GE₆ GE₆ 16 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-DUR-nu-nu 1 KUŠ₃ 16 13 na dele-bat in EN 16 GENNA ana NIM | |
| 18 | [ki UŠ-u₂ ... GE₆ 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin x MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-HUN] 2 KUŠ₃ e GENNA 3 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ LAL GE₆ 19 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂.MUL₂ 1 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 20 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ is-le₁₀ 2 KUŠ₃ | |
| 19 | [...] ana NIM DIB GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂ sin e MAŠ.MAŠ-ša₂-SIPA 4 1/2 KUŠ₃ in 22 GU₄.UD ina NIM ina A ŠU₂ NU PAP GE₆ 23 ⸢ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG⸣ | |
| 20 | [MAŠ.MAŠ-IGI n n ... GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂]-ar₂-ša₂-ALLA-ša₂-ULU₃ 2 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina ⸢IGI LUGAL 2 KUŠ₃⸣ sin 1 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ ⸢SIG⸣ | |
| 21 | [...] ⸢ITU⸣ 2(BARIG) 5(BAN₂) EN TIL ITU 3(BARIG) PI ZU₂.LUM.MA TA 1 EN 15 1(BARIG) 3(BAN₂) 3 qa [TA] 16 EN TIL ITU 1(BARIG) 3(BAN₂) 1 1/2 qa kas₃ 4(BARIG) PI | |
| 22 | [...] ⸢MA.NA⸣ i-nu-šu₂ MUL₂.BABBAR ina GIR₂.TAB dele-bat ina ALLA in 7 ⸢dele-bat⸣ A KUR-ad₂ 20 dele-bat [ina] NIM ina ⸢A ŠU₂ in⸣ 4 GU₄.UD ina NIM ina TIL ALLA IGI in 10 | |
| 23 | [...] ⸢al⸣-te-me ša₂ {m}ar-ša₂-ka-a LUGAL LUGAL{meš} <ana> {kur}ma-di-na-at ša₂ KUR ma-da-a-a GIM IGI-u₂ TUH ITU BI MI₂.PEŠ₄{meš} | |
| 24 | [...] ⸢ID₂ ša₂⸣ AN.TA {uru}se-lu-ke-⸢ʾa⸣-a ša₂ ana UGU {id₂}BURANUN GIM IGI-u₂ BAL-u₂ il-ki dan-nu | |
| 25 | [... ana] ⸢muh⸣-hi {lu₂}ŠA₃.TAM E₂.⸢SAG⸣.GIL₂ u {lu₂}E{ki}{meš} SAR{meš} ina E₂ mil-ki ša₂ i-na {giš}KIRI₆ {šim}LI ša₂-su-u₂ | |
| 26 | [... {lu₂]}⸢E⸣{ki}{meš} ša₂ MU{meš}šu₂-nu ina {⸢kuš⸣}SAR{meš} MU-a-ti₃ SAR{meš} ša₂ il-⸢ki dan⸣-nu u₂-lam-⸢ma⸣-du-u₂ KI-šu₂ | |
| 27 | [...] | |
| 28 | {[itu}KIN 1 ... GE₆ 4 SAG GE₆] ⸢sin⸣ ar₂ MUL₂-SIG-ša₂-SAG-GIR₂.TAB 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG ar₂ MUL₂.BABBAR 1 KUŠ₃ 4 SI ana NIM GUB sin 2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG | |
| 29 | [... GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆ sin x SI-MAŠ₂ n] ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 9 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ 2 KUŠ₃ sin 1 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM | |
| 30 | [...] ⸢muš⸣ GE₆ 14 2 GE₆⸣ USAN MUL₂.BABBAR ana NIM ina LAL-šu₂ SIG MUL₂-e-ša₂-SAG-GIR₂.TAB 6 SI ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG MUL₂-⸢IGI-ša₂-SAG-HUN⸣ 1 KUŠ₃ | |
| 31 | [... GE₆ 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin e is]-⸢le₁₀⸣ 3 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM DIB 17 ZI IR GE₆ 18 ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-SI 1 1/2 ⸢KUŠ₃ sin⸣ n n ana x x] | |
| 32 | [... GE₆ 21 ina] ⸢ZALAG₂ sin⸣ ar₂ MAŠ.MAŠ-ar₂ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG 21 AN.BAR₇ [...] | |
| 33 | [... GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin x MUL₂-TUR-ša₂]-4-KUŠ₃-ar₂-LUGAL 1 KUŠ₃ sin 1 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG⸣ [...] | |
| 34 | [...] ⸢x x x x x x⸣ [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.