-82B (X300822)
Astronomical Diary, Parthian, Babylon · c. 141 BCE–224 CE
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| Designation | -82B |
|---|---|
| ID | X300822 |
| Museum no. | BM 45656 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Parthian · c. 141 BCE–224 CE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart3 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [...] ... 6 fingers to [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [...] very overcast, the north wind blew. Night [...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [... Night of the 9th, beginning of the night, the m]oon was 1 1/2 cubits above α Tauri ... [...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | [...] Night of the 11th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] above γ Geminorum [...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [...] Night of the 1[3th, beginning of the night, the moon was ...] in front of [γ /δ] Cancri [...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [...] ... [... Night of the 14th, last part of the night, the moon was] 2 1/2 cubits in front of α Leonis [...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [... Night of the 16th ...] ...; last part of the night, the moon was [...] behind θ Leonis [...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | [...] ... [...] ... rain DUL, the north wind which was set to the west side blew, cold [...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [... Night of the 19th, last part of the night, the moon was] 2 1/2 cubits [above] α Virginis, the moon having passed 1/2 cubit to the east. The [1]9th, the north wind blew. Night of the 20th, all night the no[rth? wind ...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [...] ... very overcast, the north wind blew. Night of the 22nd, last part of the night, Mars came close to Jupiter, they turned into one star; last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of [δ/β Scorpii ...] |
| Obverse [11:12] o 12'12'–o 12'12' | [... Night of the 23rd, last] part of the night, the moon was 1 cubit behind α Scorpii, the moon being 2 cubits high to the north. The 23rd, very overcast, the north wind blew. Night of the 24th, all night clouds [...] the sky [...] |
| Obverse [12:13] o 13'13'–o 13'13' | [...] blew. Night of the 26th, all night very overcast. The 26th, in the morning, clouds crossed the sky, rain shower, the north wind blew. Night of the 2[7th, ...] |
| Obverse [13:14] o 14'14'–o 14'14' | [... a rainbow ...] stretched to the south and east; a little rain shower. The 28th (and) the 29th, the north wind blew. The 30th, very overcast, the north wind bl[ew ...] |
| Obverse [14:15] o 15'15'–o 15'15' | [...] ... 3 sūtu; from the 16th until the end of the month, 3 sūtu 1 qa; dates, the 1st (and) 2nd, 1 pānu 2 sūtu 1 qa; the 3rd [...] |
| Obverse [15:16] o 16'16'–o 16'16' | [... the 24th, ...] 4 1/2 qa; from the 25th until the end of the month, 1 pānu 3 sūtu; mustard, 1 kurru 2 pānu 3 sūtu; cress, [...] |
| Obverse [16:17] o 17'17'–o 17'17' | [... Venus’] first appearance in the west in Capricorn; on the 17th, Venus reached Aquarius; Mercury was in Sagittarius; on the 19th, Mercury reached Capricorn; Saturn [was in Virgo ...] |
| Obverse [17:18] o 18'18'–o 18'18' | [... the ge]neral? of Babylonia from Seleucia which is on the Tigris [...] |
| Obverse [18:19] o 19'19'–o 19'19' | [...] ... battle equipment the gates of the city I[...] |
| Obverse [19:20] o 20'20'–o 20'20' | [... abo]ve Babylon and below Babylon [...] |
| Obverse [20:21] o 21'21'–o 21'21' | [...] in the House of observation [...] |
| Obverse [22:23] o 23'23'–o 23'23' | [...] they provided. [That] mo[nth, ...] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 2'2'–r 2'2' | [... they provided ...] 3 (sheep) sacrifices as offering at the ‘Gate of the Son of the Prince’ of the Esangila [...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | [...] the 16th of month IV in fear of the citizens and of [...] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 4'4'–r 4'4' | [...] they entered [...]. That day, thighs chief of the troops to the camp [...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 5'5'–r 5'5' | [... he kill]ed. The citizens and Raznumitra, the [...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 6'6'–r 6'6' | [...] when they said thighs [...] and at the command of the chief of the troops and their judges [...] |
| Reverse [6:8] r 7'7'–r 8'8' | [... as] before. |
| Reverse [7:8] r 8'8'–r 8'8' | [Month XII2, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month) ...] 2 cubits in front of Mercury, the moon being 2 1/2 cubits low to the south. Night of the 2nd, the moon was 1+[x mm] below η Tauri [...] |
| Reverse [8:9] r 9'9'–r 9'9' | [... Night of the 4th, beginning of the night, the moon was nn] cubits [above ζ Tauri], the moon having passed a little to the east; first part of the night, Venus was 1 cubit 6 fingers below η Tauri. Night of the 5th, beginning [of the night, ...] |
| Reverse [9:10] r 10'10'–r 10'10' | [... Night of the 6th, beginning of the night, the moon was ... below β Geminorum, the moon being] 1/2 cubit back to the west. Night of the 7th, beginning of the night, haze covered the sky; δ Cancri [was not seen with the moon ...] |
| Reverse [10:11] r 11'11'–r 11'11' | [... Night of the 9th, beginning of the night, the moon was nn] cubits behind α Leonis, the moon being 2 cubits high to the north. Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 cubits below θ Leonis. Around the 10th, Mercu[ry’s last appearance in the west in Aries ...] |
| Reverse [11:12] r 12'12'–r 12'12' | [... rain DU]L, the north wind blew. The 11th, all day very overcast; in the afternoon, much thunder, rain DUL, gusty south and east winds blew. Ni[ght? ...] |
| Reverse [12:13] r 13'13'–r 13'13' | [...] ... Night of the 13th, first part of the night, Venus was 2 1/2 cubits above α Tauri. The 13th, moonset to sunrise: 4° 20'; clouds, I did not watch; clouds crossed the sky, rain DUL, the north wind bl[ew ...] |
| Reverse [13:14] r 14'14'–r 14'14' | [... Night of the 15th, sunset to moonrise: nn°,] measured (despite) mist; last part of the night, the moon was 2 cubits below β Librae. Night of the 16th, last part of the night, the moon was 1/2 cubit in front of β Scorpii, [...] in front of Jupi[ter ...] |
| Reverse [14:15] r 15'15'–r 15'15' | [... Night of the 18th, last part of the night, the moon was] 1 1/2 cubits [behind] θ Ophiuchi, the moon being 8 fingers low to the south. Night of the 20th, last part of the night, the moon stood 2 cubits behind Mars to the east [...] |
| Reverse [15:16] r 16'16'–r 16'16' | [... Night of the 22nd, last part of the night, the moon was] 2 1/2 cubits [in front of γ /δ Capri]corni, the moon being 1 1/2 cubits low to the south. Night of the 23rd, first part of the night, Venus was [...] below β Tauri [...] |
| Reverse [16:17] r 17'17'–r 17'17' | [...] ... rain DUL, the north wind blew. The 27th, moonrise to sunrise: 15+[x]°; it was bright, measured. The 29th?, the north wind blew [...] |
| Reverse [17:18] r 18'18'–r 18'18' | [... in the af]ternoon, 5 sūtu 1 qa one-fourth; the 12th (and) 13th, 5? sūtu [n] qa; the 14th, 5 sūtu 1 qa; the 15th [...] |
| Reverse [18:19] r 19'19'–r 19'19' | [... fr]om the 10th until the 16th, 1 pānu 2 sūtu 3 1/2 qa; the 17th, 1 pānu 2+[x] sūtu [...] |
| Reverse [19:20] r 20'20'–r 20'20' | [... At] that time, Jupiter was in Scorpius; on the 1st, Venus [reached Taurus ...] |
| Reverse [20:21] r 21'21'–r 21'21' | [...] the 29th (and) 30th, it receded 4 fingers, total: 13 was the na (gauge) [...] |
| Reverse [21:22] r 22'22'–r 22'22' | [... from Seleuci]a entered Babylon ... [...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [...] ⸢x⸣ 6 SI ana [...] | |
| 3' | [...] ⸢ŠU₂⸣.ŠU₂ SI GIN GE₆ [...] | |
| 4' | [... GE₆ 9 SAG GE₆] ⸢sin⸣ e is-le₁₀ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 5' | [...] GE₆ 11 SAG GE₆ sin e MAŠ.MAŠ-ša₂-⸢SIPA⸣ n n ...] | |
| 6' | [...] GE₆ 13 [SAG GE₆ sin] ina IGI MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-[ALLA-ša₂-x n n ...] | |
| 7' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [x x GE₆ 14 ina ZALAG₂ sin] ina IGI LUGAL 2 1/2 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ [...] | |
| 8' | [... GE₆ 16 ...] ⸢x⸣ ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ GIŠ.KUN-⸢A⸣ n n ...] | |
| 9' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [x x] ⸢x⸣ AN DUL-hat SI ša₂ PA MAR GAR GIN ŠED₇ [...] | |
| 10' | [... GE₆ 19 ina ZALAG₂ sin e] ⸢SA₄⸣-ša₂-ABSIN 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM DIB 19 SI GIN GE₆ 20 kal GE₆ ⸢SI⸣ [...] | |
| 11' | [...] ⸢x⸣ ŠU₂.ŠU₂ SI GIN GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂ AN ⸢ana⸣ MUL₂.⸢BABBAR⸣ TE ana 1-en MUL GUR-u₂ ina ZALAG₂ sin ina ⸢IGI⸣ [MUL₂-x-ša₂-SAG-GIR₂.TAB n n ...] | |
| 12' | [... GE₆ 23 ina] ⸢ZALAG₂⸣ sin ar₂ SI₄ 1 KUŠ₃ sin 2 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM 23 ŠU₂.ŠU₂ SI GIN GE₆ 24 kal GE₆ DIR ⸢AN⸣ [...] | |
| 13' | [...] GIN GE₆ 26 kal GE₆ ŠU₂.ŠU₂ 26 ina še-ri₃ DIR AN DIB AN UTAH SI GIN GE₆ 27 [...] | |
| 14' | [... TIR.AN.NA ...] ana ULU₃ u KUR GIB AN UTAH i-ṣa 28 29 SI GIN 30 ŠU₂.ŠU₂ SI ⸢GIN⸣ [...] | |
| 15' | [...] ⸢x⸣ 3(BAN₂) TA 16 EN TIL ITU 3(BAN₂) 1 qa ZU₂.LUM.MA 1 2 1(BARIG) 2(BAN₂) 1 qa 3 [...] | |
| 16' | [... 24 x x] 4 1/2 qa TA 25 EN TIL ITU 1(BARIG) 3(BAN₂) kas₃-si-i 1 GUR 2(BARIG) 3(BAN₂) sah-⸢le₁₀⸣ [...] | |
| 17' | [... dele-bat ina] ŠU₂ ina MAŠ₂ IGI in 17 dele-bat GU KUR GU₄.UD ina PA in 19 GU₄.UD MAŠ₂ KUR ⸢GENNA⸣ [ina ABSIN ...] | |
| 18' | [... {lu₂}GAL] ⸢ERIN₂-ni⸣ KUR URI{ki} TA {uru}se-lu-ke-ʾa-a ša₂ ana UGU {id₂}⸢IDIGNA⸣ [...] | |
| 19' | [...] ⸢x x⸣ u₂-nu-ut ME₃ KA₂.GAL{meš} URU i-[...] | |
| 20' | [... AN].⸢TA⸣ E{ki} u KI.TA E{ki} [...] | |
| 21' | [...]-u₂ ina E₂-IGI.DU₈.⸢A⸣ [...] | |
| 22' | [...] x NE la a tu₂ [...] | |
| 23' | [... u₂-še]-⸢zi⸣-zu-u₂ ⸢ITU⸣ [BI ...] | |
| 24' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| r | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x x x x⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [...] 3 SISKUR{meš} NIDBA ina KA₂.DUMU.NUN.NA ša₂ E₂.SAG.⸢GIL₂⸣ [...] | |
| 3' | [...] 16 ša₂ {itu}ŠU ina gi-lit-tu₂ ša₂ {lu₂}pu-li-te-e u ⸢ša₂⸣ [...] | |
| 4' | [... x]{ki} KU₄-u₂ U₄ BI {lu₂}GAL.GAL u₂-qa-an MU-a-ti₃ ana ma-dak-[tu₂ ...] | |
| 5' | [... i-du]-uk {lu₂}pu-li-te-e u {m}ra-az-nu-mi-it-ra-a {lu₂}[x ...] | |
| 6' | [... MU]-⸢a⸣-ti₃ ki iq-bu-ma ina KA {lu₂}GAL.GAL u₂-qa-an u DI.KUD{meš}šu₂-nu ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 7' | [... GIM] ⸢IGI⸣-u₂ | |
| 8' | {[itu}DIR.ŠE 30 ...] ⸢x⸣ [ina] ⸢IGI⸣ GU₄.UD 2 KUŠ₃ sin 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 2 sin SIG MUL₂.MUL₂ 1+[x n ...] | |
| 9' | [... GE₆ 4 SAG GE₆ sin e ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-ULU₃ n] KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa ana NIM DIB USAN dele-bat SIG MUL₂.MUL₂ 1 KUŠ₃ 6 SI GE₆ 5 SAG [GE₆ ...] | |
| 10' | [... GE₆ 6 SAG GE₆ sin SIG MAŠ.MAŠ-ar₂ n n sin] 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ LAL GE₆ 7 SAG GE₆ hi-il AN ŠU₂-im MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-ALLA-ša₂-⸢ULU₃⸣ [KI sin NU IGI ...] | |
| 11' | [... GE₆ 9 SAG GE₆ sin] ⸢ar₂⸣ {mul₂}⸢LUGAL⸣ [n] KUŠ₃ sin 2 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ sin SIG GIŠ.KUN-A 2 KUŠ₃ in 10 GU₄.⸢UD⸣ [ina ŠU₂ ina HUN ŠU₂ ...] | |
| 12' | [... AN] ⸢DUL⸣-hat SI GIN 11 kal ME ŠU₂.ŠU₂ ina KIN.SIG GU₃ U MAH AN DUL-hat ULU₃ u KUR ŠAR₂{meš} GIN{meš} ⸢GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| 13' | [...] ⸢x⸣ GE₆ 13 USAN dele-bat e is-le₁₀ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ 13 4.20 ŠU₂ DIR NU PAP DIR AN DIB AN DUL-hat SI ⸢GIN⸣ [...] | |
| 14' | [... GE₆ 15 n GE₆ a]-⸢kam₂⸣ muš ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG RIN₂-ša₂-SI 2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 16 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MUL₂-e-ša₂-SAG-GIR₂.TAB 1/2 KUŠ₃ ina IGI MUL₂.⸢BABBAR⸣ [...] | |
| 15' | [... GE₆ 18 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂]-⸢KUR⸣-ša₂-KIR₄-šil-tah-PA 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 8 SI ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 20 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ AN 2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM GUB [...] | |
| 16' | [... GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MUL₂-x-ša₂]-⸢SUHUR⸣-MAŠ₂ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 23 USAN dele-bat SIG ŠUR-GIGIR-⸢ša₂⸣-[SI n n ...] | |
| 17' | [...] ⸢x⸣ AN DUL-hat SI GIN 27 15+[x] KUR KUR₄ muš 29 SI GIN⸣ [...] | |
| 18' | [... ina] ⸢KIN⸣.SIG 5(BAN₂) 1 qa 4-ʾu 12 13 5(BAN₂) [x] ⸢qa⸣ 14 5(BAN₂) 1 qa 15 [...] | |
| 19' | [...] ⸢TA⸣ 10 EN 16 1(BARIG) 2(BAN₂) 3 1/2 qa 17 1(BARIG) 2+n(BAN₂) [...] | |
| 20' | [... i]-nu-šu₂ MUL₂.BABBAR ina GIR₂.TAB in 1 dele-⸢bat⸣ [MUL₂.MUL₂ KUR ...] | |
| 21' | [...] 29 30 4 SI LAL PAP 13 ⸢na⸣ [...] | |
| 22' | [... {uru}se-lu-ke]-⸢ʾa ana E{ki⸣} KU₄-ub ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.