-82A (X300821)
Astronomical Diary, Parthian, Babylon · c. 141 BCE–224 CE
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| Designation | -82A |
|---|---|
| ID | X300821 |
| Museum no. | BM 41476 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Parthian · c. 141 BCE–224 CE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart3 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1o 1–o 1o 1 | [... year 229,] king [Arsa]ces. Month I, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), sunset to moonset: 23° 30'; because of clouds I did not watch. |
| Obverse [1:2] o 22–o 22 | [... Night of the 2nd, the moon was] 3 cubits [behind α] Tauri, the moon being 2/3 cubit high to the north. Night of the 3rd, the moon was [...] in front of η |
| Obverse [2:3] o 33–o 33 | [Geminorum ...] ..., the south wind blew. Night of the 5th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits below β Geminorum, the moon |
| Obverse [3:4] o 44–o 44 | [having passed ... to the east ... Night of the 7th], beginning of the night, the moon was 3 cubits below ε Leonis, the moon having passed 1/2 cubit to the east. |
| Obverse [4:5] o 55–o 55 | [... rain sho]wer, the north wind blew. The 8th, all day clouds crossed the sky; at noon, rain DUL; in the afternoon, |
| Obverse [5:6] o 66–o 66 | [...] ... Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 cubits above β Virginis, the moon having passed a little to the east. |
| Obverse [6:7] o 77–o 77 | [... Night of the 1]2th, beginning of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits in front of α Virginis, the moon being 3 1/2 cubits |
| Obverse [7:8] o 88–o 88 | [high to the north ...] The 13th, moonset to sunrise: 4°; clouds, I did not watch; all day clouds crossed the sky, rain shower, the north wind blew. |
| Obverse [8:9] o 99–o 99 | [... Night of the 15th, sunset to moonrise: nn°; last part of the night, the moon was] 1/2 cubit [... δ /β] Scorpii. Until the 16th, when Saturn became stationary to the west, |
| Obverse [9:10] o 1010–o 1010 | [it became stationary nn cubits in front of β Virginis ... Night of the 17th, last part of the night, the moon was] 2 1/2 cubits [behind θ Ophigh]uchigh, the moon being 1/2 cubit high to the north. |
| Obverse [10:11] o 1111–o 1111 | [...] rain DUL, the north wind blew. The 21st, all day clouds crossed the sky |
| Obverse [11:12] o 1212–o 1212 | [...] much thunder, rain shower, the north wind blew. Night of the 23rd, |
| Obverse [12:13] o 1313–o 1313 | [... Night of the 26th, last part of the night, the moon was x]+1 cubit [behind η Piscium], the moon being 4 1/2 cubits low to the south. |
| Obverse [13:14] o 1414–o 1414 | [...] the 7th, 1? sūtu 1/2 qa; the 8th, 9th, (and) 10th, 1 sūtu; the 11th, 12th, (and) 13th, |
| Obverse [14:15] o 1515–o 1515 | [...] stopped; barley on the way? 3 1/2 qa |
| Obverse [15:16] o 1616–o 1616 | [... un]til the 6th, 3 sūtu 1 qa; from the 7th to the 10th, |
| Obverse [16:17] o 1717–o 1717 | [...] mustard, 1 kurru 2 pānu 3 sūtu |
| Obverse [17:18] o 1818–o 1818 | [... one-four]th; wool, 2/3 mina. |
| Obverse [18:19] o 1919–o 1919 | [...] of the month, it remained constant, total: 8 was the na (gauge). |
| Obverse [19:20] o 2020–o 2020 | [...] of the king from Uruk |
| Obverse [20:21] o 2121–o 2121 | [...] of revolt |
| Reverse [1:2] r 2'2'–r 2'2' | [... the equivalent was:] barley, |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | [...] 5 sūtu |
| Reverse [3:4] r 4'4'–r 4'4' | [...] the 18th, Saturn’s first appearance in Virgo |
| Reverse [4:5] r 5'5'–r 5'5' | [...] in the steppe ... |
| Reverse [5:6] r 6'6'–r 6'6' | [...] came to Babylon |
| Reverse [6:7] r 7'7'–r 7'7' | [...] ... That month, I heard? |
| Reverse [7:9] r 8'8'–r 9'9' | [...] ... as before [...] |
| Reverse [8:9] r 9'9'–r 9'9' | [Month VII ...] Mercury’s last appearance in the east in the end of Virgo |
| Reverse [9:10] r 10'10'–r 10'10' | [... the moon was] 2 1/2 cubits [... γ/δ Capri]corni, the moon being 1 cubit low to the south. |
| Reverse [10:11] r 11'11'–r 11'11' | [... Night of the 14th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 2 cubits [behind] α Arietis |
| Reverse [11:12] r 12'12'–r 12'12' | [... Night of the 16th, last part of the night, the moon was ... in front of β Tauri, the moon being ...] low to the south. Night of the 17th, last part of the night, the moon was |
| Reverse [12:13] r 13'13'–r 13'13' | [... in front of η Geminorum ... Night of the 2]0th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits behind γ Cancri |
| Reverse [13:14] r 14'14'–r 14'14' | [...] last part of the night, the moon was surrounded by a halo which was not closed. Night of the 23rd, |
| Reverse [14:15] r 15'15'–r 15'15' | [... Night] of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 cubit behind γ Virginis, the moon being 1 cubit |
| Reverse [15:16] r 16'16'–r 16'16' | [high to the north ...] the 29th, a meteor which was very bright flashed from the west to the east |
| Reverse [16:17] r 17'17'–r 17'17' | [...] ... were cut off?; from the 23rd to the end of the month, 2? sūtu |
| Reverse [17:18] r 18'18'–r 18'18' | [... cre]ss, 1 sūtu 1 1/2 qa; sesame, 1 sūtu 1 1/2 qa; wool, 1 mina. |
| Reverse [18:19] r 19'19'–r 19'19' | [At that time, ... remained] constant, total: 33 was the na (gauge). That month, the 7th, leather documents |
| Reverse [19:20] r 20'20'–r 20'20' | [...] were read [to] the citizens who are in Babylon. That month, I heard |
| Reverse [20:21] r 21'21'–r 21'21' | [...] he killed [...] among them. That <day?>, sheep and |
| Reverse [21:22] r 22'22'–r 22'22' | [...] he brought [...] on the Tigris; they moved back to their cities |
| Reverse [22:23] r 23'23'–r 23'23' | [...] That? [day?], the citizens [...] for fear of Alexander to? |
| Reverse [23:25] r 24'24'– | [...] they went out [to] Seleucia which is on the Tigris. |
| Top [0:2] t.e. 1t.e. 1– | [... year 229], king Arsaces. |
| Right [0:1] r.e. 1r.e. 1–r.e. 1r.e. 1 | [...] year 229. |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1 | [... MU 2 ME 29.KAM₂ {m}ar-ša₂]-ka-a LUGAL {itu}BAR 1 23.30 na la-pan₃ DIR NU PAP | |
| 2 | [... GE₆ 2 sin ar₂ is]-⸢le₁₀⸣ 3 KUŠ₃ sin 2/3 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM GE₆ 3 sin ina IGI MUL₂ IGI | |
| 3 | [(MUL₂-IGI)-ša₂-še-pit₂-MAŠ.MAŠ n n ...] ⸢x⸣ ULU₃ GIN GE₆ 5 SAG GE₆ sin SIG MAŠ.MAŠ-ar₂ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin | |
| 4 | n n ana NIM DIB ... GE₆ 7 SAG GE₆ sin SIG SAG-A 3 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM DIB | |
| 5 | [... AN] ⸢UTAH⸣ SI GIN 8 kal ME DIR AN DIB AN.BAR₇ AN DUL-hat ina KIN.SIG | |
| 6 | [...] ⸢x⸣ GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ sin e GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-A 2 KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa ana NIM DIB | |
| 7 | [... GE₆] 12 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI SA₄-ša₂-ABSIN 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 3 1/2 KUŠ₃ | |
| 8 | [ana SI NIM ...] 13 4 ŠU₂ DIR NU PAP kal ME DIR AN DIB AN UTAH SI GIN | |
| 9 | [... GE₆ 15 n GE₆ ina ZALAG₂ sin x MUL₂-x-ša₂-SAG]-GIR₂.TAB 1/2 KUŠ₃ EN 16 GENNA ana ŠU₂ ki UŠ-a | |
| 10 | n KUŠ₃ ina IGI GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-A UŠ ... GE₆ 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-KIR₄]-⸢šil⸣-tah-PA 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM | |
| 11 | [...] ⸢AN⸣ DUL-hat SI GIN 21 kal ME DIR AN DIB | |
| 12 | [...] GU₃ U MAH AN UTAH SI GIN GE₆ 23 | |
| 13 | [... GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-DUR-nu-nu x]+1 KUŠ₃ sin 4 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG | |
| 14 | [...] 7 1(BAN₂) 1/2 qa 8 9 10 1(BAN₂) 11 12 13 | |
| 15 | [... im]-⸢meš⸣-ku-u₂ ŠE.BAR ina ma-lak 3 1/2 qa | |
| 16 | [...] ⸢EN⸣ 6 3(BAN₂) 1 qa TA 7 EN 10 | |
| 17 | [...] kas₃-si-i 1 GUR 2(BARIG) 3(BAN₂) | |
| 18 | [... 4-ʾu SIG₂{hi.a} 2/3 MA.NA | |
| 19 | [...] ITU GUB-uz PAP 8 na | |
| 20 | [...] ⸢x⸣ LUGAL TA UNUG{ki} | |
| 21 | [...] ⸢x⸣ ša₂ si-hi | |
| 22 | [...] x x | |
| r | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x⸣ | |
| 2' | [... KI.LAM] še-im | |
| 3' | [... x]{meš} 5(BAN₂) | |
| 4' | [...] 18 GENNA ina ABSIN IGI | |
| 5' | [...] ina EDIN ⸢x⸣ [x] | |
| 6' | [...] ana E{ki} GIN{meš} | |
| 7' | [...] ⸢x⸣ ITU BI al-⸢te⸣-me | |
| 8' | [...] ⸢x⸣ GIM IGI-u₂ [x x] | |
| 9' | {[itu}DU₆ ...] GU₄.UD ina NIM ina TIL ABSIN ŠU₂ | |
| 10' | [... sin x MUL₂-x-ša₂]-⸢SUHUR⸣-MAŠ₂ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG | |
| 11' | [... GE₆ 14 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂] ⸢MUL₂⸣-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-HUN 2 KUŠ₃ | |
| 12' | [... GE₆ 16 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-SI n n sin n n] ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin | |
| 13' | [ina IGI MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-še-pit₂-MAŠ.MAŠ n n ... GE₆] 20 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-ALLA-ša₂-SI 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ | |
| 14' | [...] ina ZALAG₂ sin TUR₃ NU KAD₂ NIGIN GE₆ 23 | |
| 15' | [... GE₆] 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ DELE-ša₂-IGI-ABSIN 1 KUŠ₃ sin 1 KUŠ₃ | |
| 16' | [ana SI NIM ...] 29 MUL₂ GAL ša₂ ma-gal KUR TA MAR ana KUR SUR-rah | |
| 17' | [...] ⸢x⸣ a tu₂ TAR-a TA 23 EN TIL ITU 2(BAN₂) | |
| 18' | [... sah]-⸢le₁₀⸣ 1(BAN₂) 1 1/2 qa ŠE.GIŠ.I₃ 1(BAN₂) 1 1/2 qa SIG₂{hi.a} 1 MA.NA | |
| 19' | [i-nu-šu₂ ...] ⸢GUB⸣-uz PAP 33 na ITU BI U₄ 7.KAM₂ {kuš}SAR{⸢meš⸣} | |
| 20' | [...] ⸢pu⸣-li-te-e ša₂ ina E{ki} ša₂-su-u₂ ITU BI al-te-me | |
| 21' | [...] ⸢x⸣ ina lib₃-bi-šu₂-nu i-du-uk <U₄> BI U₈.UDU{hi.a} u₃ | |
| 22' | [... muh]-hi {id₂}IDIGNA u₂-še-bil ana URU{meš}šu₂-nu LAL-u₂ | |
| 23' | [... U₄] ⸢BI⸣ {lu₂}pi-li-ta-na-an ina gi-lit-tu₂ ša₂ {m}a-lik-sa-an-dar ana | |
| 24' | [...] {uru}se-lu-ke-ʾa-a ša₂ ana muh-hi {id₂}IDIGNA E₃-u₂ | |
| t.e. | ||
| 1 | [... MU 2 ME 29.KAM₂ {m]}ar-ša₂-ka-a LUGAL | |
| r.e. | ||
| 1 | [...] MU 2 ME 29.KAM₂ | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.