AD -199A (X201991)
Astronomical Diary, Hellenistic, Babylon · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE
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| Designation | AD -199A |
|---|---|
| ID | X201991 |
| Museum no. | BM 40628 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Hellenistic · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart2 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [1:3] o 2'2'–o 3'3' | a man ... was killed ... [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | Month II, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month, sunset to moonset): 11° 40'; clouds, when I watched I did not see it. Around the 1st, when Saturn [became stationary to the west, it became stationary nn cubits behind β Virginis ... Night of the 3rd,] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | all night clouds crossed the sky, rain, PISAN DIB. The 3rd, in the morning, clouds crossed the sky [...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | much thunder, rain, PISAN DIB. Night of the 6th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] below ε Leonis [... Night of the 9th, beginning of the night, the moon was ... below β Virginis,] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | the moon having passed a little to the east, it stood 2 cubits in front of Saturn to the west. The 9th, [...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | Around the 11th, Sirius’ last appearance; I did not watch; in the afternoon, the south wind blew [...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | Night of the 14th, beginning of the night, the moon was 1 cubit in front of α Scorpii [... Night of the 15th, the moon ...] |
| Obverse [8:10] o 9'9'– | [it stood] 1? cubit? 8 fingers in front of Jupiter? [to the west ...] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 2'2'–r 2'2' | Month V, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month, sunset to moonset): 19° ... [... Night of the 3rd, the moon was] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | 1 1/2 [cubits ...] α Virginis [... Night of the 7th,] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 4'4'–r 4'4' | beginning of the night, the moon was [...] above ϑ Ophi[uchi ...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 5'5'–r 5'5' | Night of the 11th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] in front of γ [Capricorni ...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 6'6'–r 6'6' | Night of the 14th, sunset to moonrise: 9°, measured. The 15th, Mercury’s first appearance in the east in Leo [... Night of the 18th, last part of the night, the moon was] |
| Reverse [6:7] r 7'7'–r 7'7' | 1 1/2 cubits behind η Tauri; last part of the night, Venus was [...] below δ Cancri [... Night of the 20th?, last part of the night, Mars] |
| Reverse [7:8] r 8'8'–r 8'8' | was 3 cubits below β Geminorum. Night of the 21st, first part of the night, Jupiter was [...] above [ϑ Ophiuchi ...] |
| Reverse [8:9] r 9'9'–r 9'9' | Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, the moon was 3 cubits behind β Ge[minorum.] Night of the 24th, [...] |
| Reverse [9:11] r 10'10'– | The 27th, moonrise to sunrise: 9° 20'; [...] |
| Left [0:1] l.e. 1l.e. 1–l.e. 1l.e. 1 | [...] end of month VI of year 112, [...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | {lu₂}[x x x] ⸢nu⸣ GAZ [...] | |
| 3' | GU₄ 30 11.40 DIR ki PAP NU IGI in EN 1 GENNA ana⸣ [ŠU₂ ki UŠ-a N KUŠ₃ ar₂ GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-A UŠ ... GE₆ 3 | |
| 4' | kal GE₆ DIR AN DIB AN PISAN DIB 3 ina še-ri₃ DIR AN DIB [...] | |
| 5' | GU₃ U MAH AN PISAN DIB GE₆ 6 SAG GE₆ sin SIG SAG ⸢A⸣ [N N ... GE₆ 9 SAG GE₆ sin SIG GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-A N N] | |
| 6' | sin i-ṣa ana NIM DIB ina IGI GENNA 2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ GUB 9 [...] | |
| 7' | in 11 {mul₂}KAK.BAN ŠU₂ NU PAP ina KIN.SIG ULU₃ ⸢GIN⸣ [...] | |
| 8' | GE₆ 14 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI SI₄ 1 KUŠ₃⸣ [... GE₆ 15 ...] | |
| 9' | ina IGI ⸢MUL₂.BABBAR 1 KUŠ₃⸣ 8 U [ana ŠU₂ GUB ...] | |
| r | ||
| 1' | [x] [...] | |
| 2' | ⸢NE⸣ 1 19 [x] [... GE₆ 3 sin x] | |
| 3' | SA₄-ša₂-ABSIN 1 1/2 [KUŠ₃ ... GE₆ 7 | |
| 4' | SAG GE₆ sin e MUL₂-KUR-⸢ša₂-KIR₄⸣-[šil-PA N N ...] | |
| 5' | GE₆ 11 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI MUL₂-IGI-⸢ša₂⸣-[SUHUR-MAŠ₂ N N ...] | |
| 6' | GE₆ 14 9 GE₆ muš 15 GU₄.UD ina NIM ina ⸢A IGI⸣ [... GE₆ 18 ina ZALAG₂ sin] | |
| 7' | ar₂ MUL₂.MUL₂ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat SIG MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-ALLA-ša₂-⸢ULU₃⸣ [N N ... GE₆ 20 ina ZALAG₂ AN] | |
| 8' | SIG MAŠ.MAŠ-ar₂ 3 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 21 USAN MUL₂.BABBAR ⸢e⸣ [MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-KIR₄-šil-PA N N ...] | |
| 9' | GE₆ 23 ina ZALAG₂ ⸢sin ar₂⸣ [MAŠ].⸢MAŠ⸣-ar₂ 3 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 24 [...] | |
| 10' | 27 9.20 KUR [...] | |
| l.e. | ||
| 1 | [...] ⸢TIL⸣ KIN ša₂ MU 1 ME 12.KAM₂ I[...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.