AD -195A (X201951)
Astronomical Diary, Hellenistic, Babylon · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE
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| Designation | AD -195A |
|---|---|
| ID | X201951 |
| Museum no. | BM 35199 + 35845 + 35919 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Hellenistic · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart2 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1'o 1'–o 1'o 1' | [...] Mercury? [...] |
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [... solar eclipse ...] when [I watched] I did not see it [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [...woo]l, 4 minas [...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | [Month III ... Night of the 3rd, the moon was ...] ρ Leo[nis ...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [... Venus’ first appearance in the west in Cancer; sunset to setting of Venus: nn°,] (ideal) first appearance on the 4th. Night of the 6th, [...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [... Night of the 8th, beginning of the night, the moon st]ood 2 1/2 cubits [in front of Satur]n to the west [...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | [...] ... Night [...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [...] ... star ... [...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [... Night of the 21st, last part of the night, the moon was] 5 cubits [below? η ] Piscium. Night of the 22nd, last part [of the night, ...] |
| Obverse [11:12] o 12'12'–o 12'12' | [... Night of the 2]4th, last part of the night, the moon was 1/2 [cubit] above α Tauri [...] |
| Obverse [12:13] o 13'13'–o 13'13' | [...] ... Night of the 27th, last part of the night, the moon was 4 cubits below β Geminorum, the moon having passed 1/2? cubit? to the ea[st ...] |
| Obverse [13:14] o 14'14'–o 14'14' | [...] 3 sūtu; cress, 1 pānu; sesame, 5 sūtu 3 qa; mustard, 2 k[ur ...] |
| Obverse [14:15] o 15'15'–o 15'15' | [...] Th[at month,] the river level receded 1 cubit 8 fingers, total: 22 was the na na-gauge [...] |
| Obverse [15:16] o 16'16'–o 16'16' | [Month IV, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ... The 1st, Sirius'] first appearance; I did not watch. Night of the 2nd, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits behind β Virginis. Night of the 3rd, [...] |
| Obverse [16:17] o 17'17'–o 17'17' | [... Night of the 6th,] beginning of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 ??? below β Librae, the moon having passed 8 fingers to the east [...] |
| Obverse [17:18] o 18'18'–o 18'18' | [...] Night of the 9th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 cubits behind ϑ Ophiuchi [...] |
| Obverse [18:19] o 19'19'–o 19'19' | [... Night of the 14th,] moonrise to sunset: 6° 30', measured; beginning of the night, the moon was [...] behind δ Capricorni [...] |
| Obverse [19:20] o 20'20'–o 20'20' | [... Night of the 15th,] sunset to moonrise: ⸢x⸣, measured. The 15th, sunrise to moonset: 12°, measured. Night of the 18th, last part of the night, the moon was [... η Piscium ...] |
| Obverse [20:21] o 21'21'–o 21'21' | [...] ... 1 cubit. Night of the 20th, last part of the night, the moon was 1+[x ...] in front? of η Tauri [...] |
| Obverse [21:22] o 22'22'–o 22'22' | [...] ... 1/2 cubit. Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, the moon was [...] below η Geminorum [...] |
| Obverse [22:23] o 23'23'–o 23'23' | [...] it stood? 1 cubit [...] ε Leonis to the east. Around the 26th, [when] Jupiter |
| Obverse [23:24] o 24'24'–o 24'24' | [became stationary to the east, it became stationary 2 1/2 cubits ...] The 29th, first part of the night, Venus was 2 cubits above Mercury |
| Obverse [24:26] o 25'25'– | [... At that time, Jupiter was i]n Aries; Venus was in Leo, in the middle of the month, in Virgo; |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1r 1–r 1r 1 | [Month V, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month), ...] high to the north. Night of the 2nd, the moon was in front of ... |
| Reverse [1:2] r 22–r 22 | [... Night] of the 5th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] in front of β |
| Reverse [2:3] r 33–r 33 | [Scorpii ... cubi]ts? ... Night of the 8th, last part of the night, Mars was 3 cubits below ε Leonis |
| Reverse [3:4] r 44–r 44 | [... Night] of the 11th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] in front of δ Capricorni |
| Reverse [4:5] r 55–r 55 | [...] ... cubits. Night of the 17th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of |
| Reverse [5:6] r 66–r 66 | [β? Arietis ... Night of the 19th, last part of the night, the moon was] 4 cubits [below] η Tauri, the moon having passed 2/3 cubit to the east. |
| Reverse [6:7] r 77–r 77 | [... pa]ssed?; last part of the night, Mars was 8 fingers above α Leonis. Night of the 23rd, |
| Reverse [7:8] r 88–r 88 | [... the moon] stood 2 cubits [in front of Ma]rs to the west. Night of the 25th, |
| Reverse [8:9] r 99–r 99 | [...] Venus was 1/2 cubit below α Librae. |
| Reverse [9:10] r 1010–r 1010 | [... At that time, Jupit]er was in Aries; Venus was in Virgo, in the middle of the month, in [Libra;] |
| Reverse [11:12] r 1212–r 1212 | [Month VI, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ... Night of the 2nd, the moon was] 1 2/3 cubits [...] β Librae, 1 2/3 cubits above Saturn, the moon being [...] |
| Reverse [12:13] r 1313–r 1313 | [... Mars] was 10 fingers behind α Leonis. Night of the 4th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] in front of ϑ Ophi[uchi] |
| Reverse [13:14] r 1414–r 1414 | [... Night of the 8th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 2 1/2 cubits [below β ] Capricorni, the moon having passed 1/2 cubit to the east. Night of the 9th, beginning [of the night, ...] |
| Reverse [14:15] r 1515–r 1515 | [... Night] of the 13th, first part of the night, Venus was [...] above δ Scorpii [...] |
| Reverse [15:16] r 1616–r 1616 | [...] Night of the 15th, sunset to moonrise: 6°; mea[sured;] last part of the night, the moon was [...] behind α [Arietis ...] |
| Reverse [16:17] r 1717–r 1717 | [... Night of the 17th, last part of the ni]ght, the moon was 1 cubit above α Tauri. Night of the 18th, last part of the night, the moon [...] |
| Reverse [17:18] r 1818–r 1818 | [...] Night [of the xth,] first part of the night, Venus was 2 cubits above α Scorpii; in? [...] |
| Reverse [18:19] r 1919–r 1919 | [... Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, the moon was] 1+[x ...] ρ Leonis [...] |
| Reverse [19:20] r 2020–r 2020 | [... Night of the 25th, last part of the night,] the moon was 3 cubits behind β Virginis [...] |
| Reverse [20:21] r 2121–r 2121 | [...] moonrise to sunrise: [x]+7°, measured. Night of the 29th, first part of the night, Venus was [...] above? [ϑ Ophiuchi ...] |
| Reverse [21:22] r 2222–r 2222 | [...] At that time, Jupiter was in Aries; Venus was in [...] |
| Reverse [22:23] r 2323–r 2323 | [...] was the na na-gauge. |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] GU₄.UD [...] | |
| 2' | [... AN.KU₁₀ šamaš₂ ...] ki [PAP] NU IGI [...] | |
| 3' | [... SIG₂]{hi.a} 4 MA.NA [...] | |
| 4' | [...] TE.E ina DA SAR [...] | |
| 5' | [SIG ... GE₆ 3 sin x] MUL₂-TUR-ša₂-4-[KUŠ₃-ar₂-LUGAL N N ...] | |
| 6' | [... dele-bat ina ŠU₂ ina ALLA IGI N na-su] in 4 IGI GE₆ 6 [...] | |
| 7' | [... GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆ sin ... ina IGI] ⸢GENNA⸣ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ ⸢GUB⸣ [...] | |
| 8' | [...] ⸢x x x⸣ [...] | |
| 9' | [...] ⸢x⸣ GE₆ [...] | |
| 10' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [x] ⸢MUL₂-IGI x x⸣ [...] | |
| 11' | [... GE₆ 21 ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG MUL₂-KUR-ša₂]-DUR-nu-nu 5 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 22 ina ⸢ZALAG₂⸣ [...] | |
| 12' | [... GE₆] 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin e is-le₁₀ 1/2 [KUŠ₃ ...] | |
| 13' | [...] ⸢x⸣ GE₆ 27 ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG MAŠ.MAŠ-ar₂ 4 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ ana ⸢NIM⸣ [DIB ...] | |
| 14' | [...] 3(BAN₂) sah-le₁₀ 1 PI ŠE.GIŠ 5(BAN₂) 3 qa kas₃ 2 ⸢GUR⸣ [...] | |
| 15' | [... ITU] ⸢BI⸣ ILLU 1 KUŠ₃ 8 U LAL PAP 22 na [...] | |
| 16' | [ŠU 1 ... 1 KAK.BAN] IGI NU PAP GE₆ 2 sin ar₂ GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-A 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 3 [...] | |
| 17' | [... GE₆ 6 SAG GE₆ sin SIG RIN₂-ša₂-SI 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 8 U ana NIM ⸢DIB⸣ [...] | |
| 18' | [...] GE₆ 9 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-KIR₄-šil-PA 2 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ [...] | |
| 19' | [... GE₆ 14 6.30 ME muš SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SUHUR-⸢MAŠ₂⸣ [N N ...] | |
| 20' | [... GE₆ 15 ⸢x⸣ GE₆ muš 15 12 na muš GE₆ 18 ina ZALAG₂ sin [x MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-DUR-nu-nu N N ...] | |
| 21' | [...] [x x x] 1 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 20 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MUL₂.MUL₂ 1+[x ...] | |
| 22' | [...] ⸢x⸣ 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 23 ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-še-pit₂-MAŠ.⸢MAŠ⸣ [N N ...] | |
| 23' | [...] SAG-A 1 KUŠ₃ ana NIM GUB in EN 26 MUL₂.BABBAR | |
| 24' | [ana NIM ki UŠ-u₂ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ... UŠ ...] 29 USAN dele-bat e GU₄.UD 2 KUŠ₃ | |
| 25' | [... i-nu-šu₂ MUL₂.BABBAR] ⸢ina⸣ HUN dele-bat ina A ina MURUB₄ ITU ina ABSIN | |
| r | ||
| 1 | [NE 30 ...] ana SI NIM GE₆ 2 sin ⸢ina IGI x x⸣ | |
| 2 | [... GE₆] 5 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI | |
| 3 | MUL₂-e-[ša₂-SAG-GIR₂.TAB N N ...] ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ GE₆ 8 ina ZALAG₂ AN SIG SAG-A 3 KUŠ₃ | |
| 4 | [... GE₆] 11 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ | |
| 5 | [N N ...] [x] KUŠ₃ GE₆ 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI | |
| 6 | [MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-SAG-HUN N N ... GE₆ 19 ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG] MUL₂.MUL₂ 4 KUŠ₃ sin 2/3 KUŠ₃ ana NIM DIB | |
| 7 | [...] ⸢DIB⸣ ina ZALAG₂ AN e LUGAL 8 U GE₆ 23 | |
| 8 | [... sin ina IGI] ⸢AN⸣ 2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ GUB GE₆ 25 | |
| 9 | [...] dele-bat SIG RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 1/2 KUŠ₃ | |
| 10 | [... i-nu-šu₂ MUL₂].⸢BABBAR⸣ ina HUN dele-bat ina ABSIN ina MURUB₄ ITU ina [RIN₂] | |
| 11 | [...] | |
| 12 | [KIN 1 ... GE₆ 2 sin x] RIN₂-ša₂-SI 1 2/3 KUŠ₃ e GENNA 1 2/3 KUŠ₃ sin [...] | |
| 13 | [... AN] ar₂ LUGAL 10 SI GE₆ 4 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-⸢KIR₄⸣-[šil-PA N N] | |
| 14 | [... GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆ sin SIG SI]-MAŠ₂ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM DIB GE₆ 9 SAG [GE₆ ...] | |
| 15 | [... GE₆] 13 USAN dele-bat e ⸢MUL₂⸣-MURUB₄-ša₂-⸢SAG⸣-[GIR₂.TAB N N ...] | |
| 16 | [...] GE₆ 15 6 GE₆ ⸢muš⸣ [ina] ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-⸢ar₂⸣-[ša₂-SAG-HUN N N ...] | |
| 17 | [... GE₆ 17 ina] ⸢ZALAG₂⸣ sin e ⸢is⸣-le₁₀ 1 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 18 ina ZALAG₂ sin [...] | |
| 18 | [...] GE₆ [x] USAN dele-bat e SI₄ 2 KUŠ₃ ina [...] | |
| 19 | [... GE₆ 23 ina ZALAG₂ sin x] MUL₂-TUR-ša₂-4-KUŠ₃-ar₂-LUGAL 1+[x ...] | |
| 20 | [... GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂] sin ar₂ GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-A 3 KUŠ₃ [...] | |
| 21 | [... x]+7 KUR muš GE₆ 29 USAN dele-bat e [MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-KIR₄-šil-PA N N ...] | |
| 22 | [...] i-nu-šu₂ MUL₂.BABBAR ina HUN dele-bat ina [...] | |
| 23 | [...] na | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.