AD -194A (X201941)
Astronomical Diary, Hellenistic, Babylon · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE
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| Designation | AD -194A |
|---|---|
| ID | X201941 |
| Museum no. | BM 41477 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Hellenistic · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart2 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [...] when [it became stationary to the we]st, [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [... the equi]valent (for 1 shekel of silver was): barley, 3 pānu [...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [... Venus was in] Aries, at the end of the month, in Taurus; around the 16th, Mercury’s [first appearance] in [the east, ... omitted; ...] |
| Obverse [4:6] o 5'5'–o 6'6' | [... from] the 9th to the 14th, (the river level) receded 8 fingers, 10 was the na na-gauge; from the 15th to the end of the mon[th, ...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [Month III, ...] sunset to moonset: 19°; it was bright, earthshine, measured; it could be seen while the sun stood there, it was low to the sun. Night of the 1st, last part of the night, [...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [... M]ercury’s last appearance in the east, ... omitted. Night of the 4th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] below ϑ Leonis [...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [... Night of the 6th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 1 cubit [... γ] Virginis. Night of the 7th, beginning of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits behind α Virginis ... [...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | [... Night of the 9th, beginning] of the night, the moon was 1 cubit behind β Librae. Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] behind β Scorpii [...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [...] moonset to sunrise: 5° 30'; lunar eclipse, ... omitted; at 15° before sunset. Night of the 14th, moonrise to sunset: 1°, measured; last part of the night, [...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [... Night of the 15th, last part of the night, the moon was] 2 1/2 cubits behind β Capricorni. Night of the 16th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of δ Capricorni [...] |
| Obverse [11:12] o 12'12'–o 12'12' | [... M]ars was 2/3 cubit below α Librae. Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, the moon was 5 cubits below α Arietis. Night of the 2[4th, ...] |
| Obverse [12:13] o 13'13'–o 13'13' | [... Night of the 2]5th, last part of the night, the moon was 3 ??? in front of α Tauri; last part of the night, Venus was 3 1/2 [cubits] below β Tauri [...] |
| Obverse [13:14] o 14'14'–o 14'14' | [... Night of the 26th, last part of the night, the moo]n was 1 cubit in front of η Geminorum. Night of the 27th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of α Geminorum [...] |
| Obverse [14:15] o 15'15'–o 15'15' | [...] ... That month, the equivalent (for 1 shekel of silver was): barley, 3 pānu; dates, 1 kurru; mustard, [...] |
| Obverse [15:17] o 16'16'–o 17'17' | [...] at the end of the month, in Gemini; Saturn was in Scorpius; Mars was in Libra. That month, the river [level ...] |
| Obverse [16:17] o 17'17'–o 17'17' | [Month IV, ...] ... [...] 3? cubits. The 1st, Mercury [...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [... ana] ⸢ŠU₂⸣ ki-i [UŠ-a ...] | |
| 3' | [...] ⸢KI⸣.LAM še-im 3(BARIG) [...] | |
| 4' | [... dele-bat ina] HUN ina TIL ITU ina MUL₂.MUL₂ in 16 GU₄.UD ina [NIM UD.DA IGI DIB ...] | |
| 5' | [... TA] 9 EN 14 8 U LAL 10 na TA 15 EN TIL ⸢ITU⸣ [...] | |
| 6' | {[itu}SIG N] 19 na-su KUR₄ a-pir muš ina GUB IGI ana šamaš₂ SIG GE₆ 1 ina ⸢ZALAG₂⸣ [...] | |
| 7' | [...] ⸢GU₄⸣.UD ina NIM UD.DA ŠU₂.ŠU₂ DIB GE₆ 4 SAG GE₆ sin SIG GIŠ.KUN-A [N N ...] | |
| 8' | [... GE₆ 6 SAG GE₆ sin x DELE-ša₂]-IGI-ABSIN 1 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 7 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ SA₄-ša₂-ABSIN 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 9' | [... GE₆ 9 SAG] GE₆ sin ar₂ RIN₂-ša₂-SI 1 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ MUL₂-e-ša₂-SAG-GIR₂.TAB [N N ...] | |
| 10' | [...] 5.30 ŠU₂ AN.KU₁₀ sin BAR DIB in 15 ME ana ŠU₂ šamaš₂ GE₆ 14 1 ME muš ina ZALAG₂ [...] | |
| 11' | [... GE₆ 15 ina ZALAG₂ sin] ar₂ SI-MAŠ₂ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 16 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SUHUR-⸢MAŠ₂⸣ [N N ...] | |
| 12' | [...] ⸢AN⸣ SIG RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 2/3 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 23 ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-HUN 5 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 24 [...] | |
| 13' | [... GE₆] 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI is-le₁₀ 3 KUŠ₃ ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat SIG ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-SI 3 1/2 [KUŠ₃ ...] | |
| 14' | [... GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂] ⸢sin⸣ ina IGI MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-še-pit₂-MAŠ.MAŠ 1 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 27 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MAŠ.MAŠ ⸢IGI⸣ [N N ...] | |
| 15' | [...] ⸢x⸣ ITU BI KI.LAM še-im 3(BARIG) PI ZU₂.LUM-MA 1(GUR) GUR kas₃ [...] | |
| 16' | [...] ina TIL ITU ina MAŠ.MAŠ GENA ina GIR₂.TAB AN ina RIN₂ ITU BI ⸢ILLU⸣ [...] | |
| 17' | {[itu}ŠU ...] ⸢x⸣ [...] 3 KUŠ₃ 1 GU₄.UD [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.