AD -193C (X201933)
Astronomical Diary, Hellenistic, Babylon · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE
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| Designation | AD -193C |
|---|---|
| ID | X201933 |
| Museum no. | BM 31539 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Hellenistic · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart2 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [...] being 3 1/2 cubits low to the south. Night of the 4th, the moon was 1/2? cubit below |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | γ [Capricorni,] the moon having passed a little to the east; last part of the night, Venus was |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | 2 5/6 cubits [below] β Librae. The 4th, all day clouds were in the sky. The 5th, clouds were in the sky, |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | the south wind blew. Night of the 6th, very overcast, rain DUL. The 6th, clouds were in the sky. |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | The 7th, clouds were in the sky. The 8th, clouds were in the sky, the south wind blew. Night of the 9th, |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | very overcast; beginning of the night, the moon was 3 1/2 cubits in front of η Piscium, the moon?; |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | middle of the night, rain shower. The 9th, clouds were in the sky. Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | the moon was 1/2 cubit in front of β Arietis, the moon being 5 1/2 cubits |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | low to the south; all night very overcast, lightning flashed, rain shower. |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | The 10th, in the morning, clouds were in the sky, all day very overcast; in the afternoon, a rainbow stretched from the north to the south side, ??? |
| Obverse [11:12] o 12'12'–o 12'12' | much thunder, rain [...,] much PISAN DIB. |
| Obverse [12:13] o 13'13'–o 13'13' | Night of the 11th, very overcast. The 11th, clouds were in the sky, rain shower. |
| Obverse [13:15] o 14'14'– | Night of the 12th, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits below η Tauri; |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1r 1–r 1r 1 | all night very overcast. The 12th, in the morning, clouds crossed the sky, |
| Reverse [1:2] r 22–r 22 | rain shower, one section of a rainbow |
| Reverse [2:3] r 33–r 33 | stretched from the west to the east side; |
| Reverse [3:4] r 44–r 44 | all day clouds were in the sky. |
| Reverse [4:5] r 55–r 55 | Night of the 13th, clouds were in the sky; the moon |
| Reverse [5:6] r 66–r 66 | was 2 1/2 cubits above α Tauri. The 13th, clouds were in the sky. |
| Reverse [6:7] r 77–r 77 | Night of the 14th?, the moon was 2? cubits below β Tauri, the moon |
| Reverse [7:8] r 88–r 88 | having passed a little to the east. The 14th, moonset to sunrise: 6°, measured (despite) clouds; Saturn’s first appearance in the end of Scorpius; |
| Reverse [8:9] r 99–r 99 | it was bright (and) high, rising of Saturn to sunrise: 17°; (ideal) first appearance on the 10th. |
| Reverse [9:10] r 1010–r 1010 | Night of the 15th, moonrise to sunset: [nn°], measured; last part of the night, the moon was [...] γ Geminorum, |
| Reverse [10:11] r 1111–r 1111 | the moon being 1? 1/2 cubits high to the north. The 15th, sunrise to moonset: 8°, |
| Reverse [11:12] r 1212–r 1212 | mea[sured (despite) clouds.] Night of the 16th, sunset to moonrise: 3°? 30'?, measured (despite) clouds; last part of the night, |
| Reverse [12:13] r 1313–r 1313 | [...] ... [...] clouds crossed the sky, all |
| Left [0:1] l.e. 1l.e. 1–l.e. 1l.e. 1 | Night of the 17th, very overcast. The 17th, [...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] [x x] [...] | |
| 2' | [...] 3 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 4 sin ⸢SIG⸣ | |
| 3' | [SUHUR]-IGI 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa ana NIM DIB ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat | |
| 4' | [SIG] RIN₂-ša₂-SI 2 5/6 KUŠ₃ 4 kal ME DIR AN ZA 5 DIR AN ZA | |
| 5' | ULU₃ GIN GE₆ 6 ŠU₂.ŠU₂ AN DUL 6 DIR AN ZA | |
| 6' | 7 DIR AN ZA 8 DIR AN ZA ULU₃ GIN GE₆ 9 | |
| 7' | ŠU₂.ŠU₂ SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI DUR 3 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin | |
| 8' | MURUB₄-ti₃ AN UTAH 9 DIR AN ZA GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ | |
| 9' | sin ina IGI MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-SAG-HUN 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 5 1/2 KUŠ₃ | |
| 10' | ana ULU₃ SIG kal GE₆ ŠU₂.ŠU₂ NIM.GIR₂ NIM.GIR₂ AN UTAH | |
| 11' | 10 ina še-ri₃ DIR AN ZA kal ME ŠU₂.ŠU₂ ina KIN.SIG TIR.RA.AN A₂ SI ana ULU₃ GIB | |
| 12' | GU₃ U MAH AN [x x] ⸢PISAN⸣ MAH DIB | |
| 13' | GE₆ 11 ŠU₂.ŠU₂ 11 DIR AN ZA AN UTAH | |
| 14' | GE₆ 12 sin SIG MUL₂.MUL₂ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ | |
| r | ||
| 1 | kal GE₆ ŠU₂.ŠU₂ 12 ina še-ri₃ DIR AN DIB | |
| 2 | AN UTAH 1-en bu-tuq-tu₄ TIR.RA.AN | |
| 3 | A₂ MAR ana KUR GIB | |
| 4 | kal ME DIR AN ZA | |
| 5 | GE₆ 13 DIR AN ZA sin | |
| 6 | ⸢e is⸣-le₁₀ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ 13 DIR AN ZA | |
| 7 | GE₆ 14 sin SIG ŠUR-SI 2 KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa | |
| 8 | ana NIM DIB 14 6 ŠU₂ DIR muš GENNA ina TIL GIR₂.TAB | |
| 9 | IGI KUR ⸢NIM-a⸣ 17 na-su ⸢in⸣ 10 IGI | |
| 10 | GE₆ 15 [N] ME muš ina ZALAG₂ ⸢sin x⸣ MAŠ.MAŠ-ša₂-SIPA | |
| 11 | [N N] ⸢sin 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM⸣ 15 8 na | |
| 12 | [DIR] ⸢muš⸣ GE₆ 16 3.30 GE₆ ⸢DIR⸣ muš ⸢ina ZALAG₂⸣ | |
| 13 | [x x] ⸢x⸣ [x x x x] ⸢DIR AN⸣ DIB kal | |
| 14 | [...] | |
| l.e. | ||
| 1 | GE₆ 17 ŠU₂.ŠU₂ 17 [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.