AD -191B (X201912)
Astronomical Diary, Hellenistic, Babylon · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE
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| Designation | AD -191B |
|---|---|
| ID | X201912 |
| Museum no. | BM 40096 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Hellenistic · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart2 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1o 1–o 1o 1 | Year 120, month VIII, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ... [... the moon] |
| Obverse [1:2] o 22–o 22 | stood 2 1/2 cubits in front of Saturn to the west, the moo[n ... Night of the 3rd, the moon was] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 33–o 33 | 5 cubits [below] β Capricorni, the moon being 1/2 cubit back to the west [... Night of the 4th, (beginning of the night,)] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 44–o 44 | the moon was 1 cubit in front of γ Capricorni, the moon being 2 cubits [low] to the s[outh ... Night of the 5th, beginning of the night,] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 55–o 55 | the moon was 3 cubits behind δ Capricorni, the moon being 2 cubits [low] to the south [...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 66–o 66 | Mercury’s first appearance in the east in the end of Libra; it was bright (and) high, rising of Mercury to sunrise: 21°; [(ideal) first appearance on the nnth ...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 77–o 77 | Night of the 9th, thin clouds were in the sky; beginning of the night, the moon was [...] in front of [h Piscium, the moon being ...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 88–o 88 | low to the south; first part of the night, the moon was surrounded by a halo. The 9th, clou[ds ... Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, the moon was] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 99–o 99 | 4 cubits below β Arietis, the moon being a little [...; last part of the night, Venus was] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 1010–o 1010 | 1/2 cubit above α Librae, Venus being 4 fingers back to the west. [... Night of the 12th, beginning of the night, the moon was] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 1111–o 1111 | 2/3 cubit [...] η Tauri. The 12th, moonset to sunrise: 8°. Night of the 13th, [...] |
| Obverse [11:12] o 1212–o 1212 | The 13th, sunrise to moonset: 6°, measured. Night of the 14th, moonrise to sunset: 30' [... beginning of the night, the moon was] |
| Obverse [12:13] o 1313–o 1313 | 5/6 cubit [...] β Tauri. Night of the 15th, it thundered slow[ly ... the moon was] |
| Obverse [13:14] o 1414–o 1414 | ⸢4⸣ cubits? above γ Geminorum [... Venus was] 2+[x ... below] |
| Obverse [14:16] o 1515– | β Librae [...] |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1r 1–r 1r 1 | in the afternoon, very overcast, gusty south wind, when [...] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 22–r 22 | clouds crossed the sky, gusty wind, rain D[UL ...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 33–r 33 | Night of the 18th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of ε Leonis [...] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 44–r 44 | The 18th, thin clouds were in the sky. Night of the 19th, clouds [crossed] the sk[y ...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 55–r 55 | Night of the 20th, last part of the night, clouds were in the sky; last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of ϑ [Leonis, the moon being ...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 66–r 66 | low to the south. The 20th, clouds crossed the sky, rain DUL ... [...] |
| Reverse [6:7] r 77–r 77 | rain DUL. The 21st, clouds were in the sky. Night of the 22nd, last part of the night, cl[ouds? ...] |
| Reverse [7:8] r 88–r 88 | clouds crossed the sky, rain but the sandal was not removed. Night of the 23rd, [...] |
| Reverse [8:9] r 99–r 99 | [clou]ds crossed the sky, rain DUL. Night of the 24th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of α Li[brae ...] |
| Reverse [9:10] r 1010–r 1010 | [clouds] were in the sky. Night of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was 4 cubits below β Librae [...,] |
| Reverse [10:12] r 1111–r 1212 | it stood 2 1/2 cubits behind Mars to the east. |
| Reverse [11:12] r 1212–r 1212 | The river level from the 11th to the 16th? rose 4? [fingers], total: 10+[x was the na na-gauge ...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1 | MU 1 ME 20.KAM₂ {itu}APIN 1 ⸢x⸣ [... (sin) ina IGI] | |
| 2 | GENNA 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ GUB ⸢sin⸣ [... GE₆ 3 sin SIG] | |
| 3 | SI-MAŠ₂ 5 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ ⸢LAL⸣ [... GE₆ 4 (SAG GE₆)] | |
| 4 | sin ina IGI SUHUR-IGI 1 KUŠ₃ sin 2 KUŠ₃ ana ⸢ULU₃⸣ [SIG ... GE₆ 5 SAG GE₆] | |
| 5 | sin ar₂ SUHUR-ar₂ 3 KUŠ₃ sin 2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ [SIG ...] | |
| 6 | GU₄.UD ina NIM ina TIL RIN₂ IGI KUR NIM-a 21 na-[su in N IGI ...] | |
| 7 | GE₆ 9 DIR SAL AN ZA SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI [MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-DUR-nu-nu N N sin N N] | |
| 8 | ana ULU₃ SIG USAN sin TUR₃ NIGIN 9 ⸢DIR⸣ [... GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ sin] | |
| 9 | SIG MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-SAG-HUN 4 KUŠ₃ sin i-⸢ṣa⸣ [ana x x ... ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat] | |
| 10 | e RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 1/2 KUŠ₃ dele-bat 4 SI ana ŠU₂ LAL [... GE₆ 12 SAG GE₆ sin x] | |
| 11 | MUL₂.MUL₂ 2/3 KUŠ₃ 12 8 ŠU₂ GE₆ 13 [...] | |
| 12 | 6 na muš GE₆ 14 30 NINDA ME [... SAG GE₆ sin x] | |
| 13 | ŠUR-ŠUR-SI 5/6 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 15 U ne₂-[hi ... sin] | |
| 14 | e MAŠ.MAŠ-ša₂-SIPA 4 KUŠ₃⸣ [... dele-bat SIG] | |
| 15 | RIN₂-ša₂-SI 2+[x N ...] | |
| r | ||
| 1 | ina KIN.SIG ŠU₂.ŠU₂ ULU₃ ŠAR₂ ki [...] | |
| 2 | DIR AN DIB IM ŠAR₂ AN ⸢DUL⸣ [...] | |
| 3 | GE₆ 18 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI SAG-A [N N ...] | |
| 4 | 18 DIR SAL AN ZA GE₆ 19 DIR ⸢AN⸣ [DIB ...] | |
| 5 | GE₆ 20 ina ZALAG₂ DIR AN ZA ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI ⸢GIŠ⸣.[KUN-A N N sin N N] | |
| 6 | ana ULU₃ SIG 20 DIR AN DIB AN DUL [x] [...] | |
| 7 | AN DUL 21 DIR AN ZA GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂ ⸢DIR⸣ [...] | |
| 8 | DIR AN DIB AN E.SIR₂ NU TUH GE₆ 23 [...] | |
| 9 | ⸢DIR⸣ AN DIB AN DUL GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI RIN₂-[ša₂-ULU₃ N N ...] | |
| 10 | [DIR] ⸢AN⸣ ZA GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG RIN₂-ša₂-SI 4 KUŠ₃ [...] | |
| 11 | ⸢ar₂⸣ AN 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM GUB | |
| 12 | ILLU TA 11 EN 16 4 [SI] ⸢GIN⸣ PAP 10+[x na ...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.