AD -179C (X201793)
Astronomical Diary, Hellenistic, Babylon · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE
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| Designation | AD -179C |
|---|---|
| ID | X201793 |
| Museum no. | BM 34955 + 35032 + 35177 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Hellenistic · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart2 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1'o 1'–o 1'o 1' | [...] ... the north wind blew; last part? of the night, [...] |
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [...] sunrise to moonset: 6° 30', measured; the north wind blew. Night [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [...] were in the sky, the east wind blew. Night of the 20th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of η [Piscium ...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [... Night of the 21st, last part of the night, the moon was] 5 1/2 cubits [below] α Arietis, the moon [having passed] a little to the east [...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | [...] being low [to the s]outh. Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of α Tauri [...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [...] ... Night of the 24th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of ζ Tauri [...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [... Night of the 25th, first part of the night, Mars was] 5/6 cubit [below] α Librae; last part of the night, the moon was [...] below η Geminorum [...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [... bl]ew. Night of the 26th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] behind γ Gemi[norum ...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | [...] the moon being 5 1/2 cubits low to the south ... [...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [...] That [mo]nth, the equivalent was: barley, 3? pānu ... [...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [...] cress, 2 pānu; sesame, [...] |
| Obverse [11:12] o 12'12'–o 12'12' | [... Venus was in Canc]er; Mercury was in Cancer [...] |
| Obverse [12:14] o 13'13'– | [... Mer]cury’s last appearance in the west in <...>. That month, the river level [...] ... [...] |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1r 1–r 1r 1 | [Month V, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ..., measu]red; (the moon) could be seen while the sun stood there, it was low to the sun. The 1st, the south wind blew. Night of the 2nd, the moon was 1/2 cubit behind β Virginis, the moon being ... [...] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 22–r 22 | [... first part of the night, Venus was] 2 fingers [above Jupit]er, Venus being 2 fingers back to the west. Night of the 3rd, the moon was 1 cubit 6? fingers below γ Virginis [...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 33–r 33 | [...] The 3rd, sunset to setting of Jupiter: 13°. Night of the 4th, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits above α Virginis, the moon being 1/2 cubit back to the west [...] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 44–r 44 | [...] blew. Night of the 6th, the moon was 1 cubit above α Librae, the moon having passed 1/2 cubit to the east. Around the 6th, Jupiter’s last appearance in Leo. [...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 55–r 55 | [... Night of the 7th,] the moon was 2 cubits in front of β Scorpii [...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 66–r 66 | [...] high to the north. Night of the 7th (error for: 8th), the moon was 4 cubits above α Scorpii [...] |
| Reverse [6:7] r 77–r 77 | [...] high to the north. Night of the 12th, the moon was [...] in front of β Cap[ricorni ...] |
| Reverse [7:8] r 88–r 88 | [...] ... Night of the 14th, moonrise to sunset: 11°, mea[sured? ...] |
| Reverse [8:9] r 99–r 99 | [... it] was high. Night of the 16th?, [...] |
| Reverse [9:10] r 1010–r 1010 | [... cub]its, the moo[n ...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x SI GIN ina ZALAG₂⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [...] 6.30 na muš SI GIN ⸢GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| 3' | [...] ⸢AN⸣ ZA KUR GIN GE₆ 20 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MUL₂-⸢KUR⸣-[ša₂-DUR-nu-nu N N ...] | |
| 4' | [... GE₆ 21 ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG] MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-HUN 5 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin i-ṣa ana ⸢NIM⸣ [DIB ...] | |
| 5' | [... ana] ⸢ULU₃⸣ SIG GE₆ 23 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI is-le₁₀ [N N ...] | |
| 6' | [...] ⸢x⸣ GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-⸢ULU₃⸣ [N N ...] | |
| 7' | [... GE₆ 25 USAN AN SIG RIN₂]-ša₂-ULU₃ 5/6 KUŠ₃ ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG MUL₂-⸢IGI⸣-[ša₂-še-pit₂-MAŠ.MAŠ N N ...] | |
| 8' | [...] ⸢GIN⸣ GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MAŠ.MAŠ-⸢ša₂⸣-[SIPA N N ...] | |
| 9' | [...] sin 5 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 10' | [...] ⸢ITU⸣ BI KI.LAM ⸢še⸣-im 3(BARIG) ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 11' | [...] ⸢sah⸣-le₁₀ 2(BARIG) PI ŠE.GIŠ [...] | |
| 12' | [... dele-bat ina] ⸢ALLA⸣ GU₄.UD ina ⸢ALLA⸣ [...] | |
| 13' | [... GU₄].UD ina ŠU₂ ina ŠU₂ ITU ⸢BI ILLU⸣ [x] ⸢x x⸣ [...] | |
| r | ||
| 1 | [NE 1 ...] ⸢muš⸣ ina GUB IGI ana šamaš₂ SIG 1 ULU₃ GIN GE₆ 2 sin ar₂ GIR₃-ar₂ 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 2 | [... USAN dele-bat e MUL₂].⸢BABBAR⸣ 2 SI dele-bat 2 SI ana ŠU₂ LAL GE₆ 3 sin SIG DELE-ša₂-IGI-ABSIN 1 KUŠ₃ 6 ⸢SI⸣ [...] | |
| 3 | [...] 3 13 na MUL₂.BABBAR GE₆ 4 sin e SA₄ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ LAL [...] | |
| 4 | [...] GIN ⸢GE₆ 6 sin e⸣ RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 1 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM ⸢DIB in⸣ 6 ⸢MUL₂.BABBAR ina A ŠU₂⸣ [...] | |
| 5 | [... GE₆ 7 sin ina IGI MUL₂-e-ša₂-SAG-GIR₂.TAB 2 KUŠ₃ [...] | |
| 6 | [...] ana SI NIM GE₆ 7 sin e SI₄ 4 KUŠ₃ [...] | |
| 7 | [...] ⸢SI⸣ NIM GE₆ 12 sin ina IGI ⸢SI⸣-[MAŠ₂ N N ...] | |
| 8 | [...] ⸢x⸣ GE₆ 14 11 ME ⸢muš⸣ [...] | |
| 9 | [...] ⸢NIM⸣-a GE₆ 16 [...] | |
| 10 | [...] ⸢KUŠ₃ sin⸣ [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.