AD -170H (X201708)
Astronomical Diary, Hellenistic, Babylon · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE
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| Designation | AD -170H |
|---|---|
| ID | X201708 |
| Museum no. | BM 45676 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Hellenistic · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart2 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1'o 1'–o 1'o 1' | [...] ... [...] ... [... beginn]ing of the night, the moon [...] |
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [... Night of the 7th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 3 1/2 cubits [... δ Capri]corni. Ni[ght of the 10th?,] last part of the night, Venus was 2/3 cubit below Mercury. Night of the 11th, last part of the night, Saturn was [...] below γ [Virginis ...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [... Jupiter, while] moving back [to the west,] was 4 fingers above μ Geminorum. Night of the 13th, beginning of the night, the moon was 1+[x cubits] behind α Arietis [...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [... Night of the 15th, last part of the night, the moon was] 1 1/2 cubits in front of β Tauri. Night of the 16th, last part of the night,the moon was 2 1/2 cubits above μ Geminorum, [...] above Jupiter [...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | [... Night of the 18th, last part of the night, the moon was] 3 cubits in front of δ Cancri. Night of the 19th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits in front of [e ] Leonis. Night of the 20th, last part of the night, the moon was [... α Leonis ...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [... Night of the 21st, last part of the night, the moon was] 1 cubit [... ϑ Leon]is, the moon being 4 cubits low to the south. Night of the 22nd, last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits below β Virginis. Night [...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [... Night of the 24th, last part of the night, the moon was] 3 cubits [in front of] α Virginis. Night of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits behind α [Virg]inis; last part of the night, Mercury was [...] below β [Librae ...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [... Night of the 26th, last part of the night, the moon was] 2 cubits [... α Libr]ae. Night of the 27th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 cubit behind β Librae, 2 cubits below [Mer]cury, the moon being 1/2 cubit to [...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | [...] ... The 27th, moonrise to sunrise: 13°, measured. That month, ???valent was: barley, in the beginning of the month, 4 pānu 2 sūtu, at the end of the month, [...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [...] sesame, 1 pānu; wool, 4 1/2 minas were sold for 1 shekel of silver. At that [time, ...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [... Mercury’s] first appearance [in the ea]st in Libra; Saturn was in Virgo; Mars, which had set, was not visible. That month, the river level rose 4 fingers [...] |
| Obverse [11:13] o 12'12'–o 13'13' | [...] ... stood at the side of the temple of Bēlet-Ninâ. That month, the gate ... [...] |
| Obverse [12:13] o 13'13'–o 13'13' | [Month VIII, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ...] seen, it was low to the sun. Night of the 3rd, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 cubits in front of β Capricorni. The 3rd, all [day ...] |
| Obverse [13:14] o 14'14'–o 14'14' | [... Night of the 5th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 1 1/2 cubits [... δ Capri]corni. The 5th, clouds were in the sky. Night of the 6th, clouds were in the sky. Night of the 7th?, [...] |
| Obverse [14:15] o 15'15'–o 15'15' | [... nn] cubits, the moon being 1/2 cubit low to the south. Night of the 10th, beginning of the night, the moon [...] |
| Obverse [15:16] o 16'16'–o 16'16' | [... cu]bits. The 12th, moonset to sunrise: 7°. Night of the 13th, moonrise to sunset: 10°, measu[red ...] |
| Obverse [16:17] o 17'17'–o 17'17' | [... nn] cubits high to the north. Night of the 15th, last part of the night, the moon was behind [...] |
| Obverse [17:18] o 18'18'–o 18'18' | [...] rising of Venus to sunrise: 7°. Night of the 17th, last part of the night, the moon [...] |
| Obverse [18:19] o 19'19'–o 19'19' | [...] low [to the south.] Around the 19th, Venus’ [last appearance] in the east in Scorpius? [...] |
| Obverse [19:20] o 20'20'–o 20'20' | [...] ... 1 1/2 cubits. Night [...] |
| Obverse [20:21] o 21'21'–o 21'21' | [...] 26th, ... [...] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 2'2'–r 2'2' | [... fr]om the 6th, when I watched I did not [see it ...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | [...] 2 1/2 cubits [...] Virginis, in front of ... [...] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 4'4'–r 4'4' | [...] moonset to sunrise: x° 10'; clouds, I did not watch; all day cl[ouds ...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 5'5'–r 5'5' | [... all] day very overcast. Night of the 16th, clouds crossed the sky; last part of the night, the moon [...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 6'6'–r 6'6' | [...] ... crossed?; in the afternoon, rain, PISAN DIB. Night of the 18th, clouds [...] |
| Reverse [6:7] r 7'7'–r 7'7' | [...] Night of the 19th, clouds were in the sky; last part of the night, the moon was [...] below ϑ Ophi[uchi ...] |
| Reverse [7:8] r 8'8'–r 8'8' | [...] clouds were in the sky. Night of the 2[4th,] last part of the night, the moon was [...] behind δ Capricorni [...] |
| Reverse [8:9] r 9'9'–r 9'9' | [...] ... The 28th, moonrise to sunrise: 11°; [...,] I did not watch. That month, the equivalent [...] |
| Reverse [9:10] r 10'10'–r 10'10' | [...] 4 sūtu; wool, 4 1/2 minas. At that time, Jupi[ter ...] |
| Reverse [10:11] r 11'11'–r 11'11' | [... Mars was in Aqua]rius, until the end of the month, [...] That [month,] the river le[vel ...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] [x] [...] [x x] [...] ⸢SAG GE₆ sin⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [... GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ SUHUR]-ar₂ 3 1/2 KUŠ₃ ⸢GE₆⸣ 10 ina ZALAG₂ dele-bat SIG GU₄.UD 2/3 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 11 ina ZALAG₂ GENNA SIG DELE-ša₂-[IGI-ABSIN N N ...] | |
| 3' | [... MUL₂.BABBAR ana ŠU₂] ⸢ina⸣ LAL-šu₂ e MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-še-pit₂-MAŠ.MAŠ 4 SI GE₆ 13 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-HUN 1+[x KUŠ₃ ...] | |
| 4' | [... GE₆ 15 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina] IGI ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-SI 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 16 ina ZALAG₂ sin e MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-še-pit₂-MAŠ.MAŠ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ e MUL₂.⸢BABBAR⸣ [N N ...] | |
| 5' | [... GE₆ 18 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina] IGI MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-ALLA-ša₂-ULU₃ 3 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 19 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina ⸢IGI SAG⸣ A 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 20 ina ZALAG₂ sin [x LUGAL N N ...] | |
| 6' | [... GE₆ 21 ina ZALAG₂ sin x GIŠ].⸢KUN⸣-<A> 1 KUŠ₃ sin 4 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-A 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ [...] | |
| 7' | [... GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI] ⸢SA₄⸣-ša₂-ABSIN 3 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ SA₄-ša₂-⸢ABSIN⸣ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ina ZALAG₂ GU₄.UD SIG ⸢RIN₂⸣-[ša₂-SI N N ...] | |
| 8' | [... GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂ sin x RIN₂-ša₂]-⸢ULU₃⸣ 2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 27 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ RIN₂-ša₂-SI 1 KUŠ₃ SIG [GU₄].UD 2 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana [x x ...] | |
| 9' | [...] ⸢x⸣ 27 13 KUR muš ITU BI [KI].LAM še-im ina ⸢SAG⸣ ITU 4(BARIG) 2(BAN₂) ina TIL ⸢ITU⸣ [...] | |
| 10' | [...] ŠE.GIŠ.I₃ 1 PI SIG₂{hi.a} 4 1/2 MA.⸢NA⸣ a-na 1 GIN₂ KU₃.BABBAR ep₂-šu₂ i-nu-[šu₂ ...] | |
| 11' | [... GU₄.UD ina] ⸢NIM⸣ ina RIN₂ IGI GENNA ina ABSIN AN ša₂ ŠU₂-u₂ NU IGI ITU BI ILLU 4 SI GIN [...] | |
| 12' | [... {d}URI₃].GAL-lu DA E₂ {d}GAŠAN.NI.NA₂.A GUB-uz ITU BI KA₂ ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 13' | [APIN 1 ...] ⸢IGI⸣ ana šamaš₂ SIG GE₆ 3 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI SI-MAŠ₂ 2 KUŠ₃ 3 kal [ME ...] | |
| 14' | [... GE₆ 5 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ SUHUR]-ar₂ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ 5 DIR AN ZA GE₆ 6 DIR AN ZA GE₆ 7 [...] | |
| 15' | [... N] KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ULU₃ SIG GE₆ 10 SAG GE₆ sin [...] | |
| 16' | [...] ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ 12 7 ŠU₂ GE₆ 13 10 UŠ ME ⸢muš⸣ [...] | |
| 17' | [... N] KUŠ₃ ana SI NIM GE₆ 15 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ [...] | |
| 18' | [...] 7 na ša₂ dele-bat GE₆ 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin [...] | |
| 19' | [... ana ULU₃] SIG in 19 dele-bat ina NIM ina ⸢GIR₂.TAB⸣ [ŠU₂ ...] | |
| 20' | [...] ⸢ša₂⸣-ULU₃ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ⸢GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| 21' | [...] 26 ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 22' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| r | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [...] ⸢TA⸣ 6 ki PAP NU [IGI ...] | |
| 3' | [...] ⸢ABSIN⸣ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ina IGI x [...] | |
| 4' | [...] ⸢x⸣.10 ŠU₂ DIR NU PAP kal ME ⸢DIR⸣ [...] | |
| 5' | [... kal] ME ŠU₂.ŠU₂ GE₆ 16 DIR AN DIB ina ZALAG₂ sin [...] | |
| 6' | [...] ⸢x⸣ DIB ina KIN.SIG AN PISAN DIB GE₆ 18 DIR [...] | |
| 7' | [...] GE₆ 19 DIR AN ZA ina ZALAG₂ sin SIG MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-KIR₄-šil-[PA N N ...] | |
| 8' | [...] DIR AN ZA GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ SUHUR-ar₂ [N N ...] | |
| 9' | [...] x 28 11 KUR [x] NU PAP ITU BI KI.LAM [...] | |
| 10' | [...] 4(BAN₂) SIG₂{hi.a} 4 1/2 ⸢MA⸣.[NA] i-nu-šu₂ MUL₂.⸢BABBAR⸣ [...] | |
| 11' | [... AN ina] ⸢GU⸣ EN TIL ITU [... ITU] ⸢BI ILLU⸣ [...] | |
| 12' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.