AD -453 (X104530)
Astronomical Diary, Achaemenid, Babylon · c. 539 BCE–330 BCE
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| Designation | AD -453 |
|---|---|
| ID | X104530 |
| Museum no. | VAT 5047 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Achaemenid · c. 539 BCE–330 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart1 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse Column i [0:1] o i 1o i 1–o i 1o i 1 | [...] Artaxerxes ... |
| Obverse Column i [1:2] o i 22–o i 22 | [... clouds] were in the sky. Night of the 25th, a few clouds; the moon was balanced 1 cubit in front of Mars |
| Obverse Column i [2:5] o i 33– | [...] a few clouds. Night of the 26th, the moon was behind Venus - broken - balanced 1/2 cubit |
| Obverse Column ii [0:1] o ii 1o ii 1–o ii 1o ii 1 | above [...] |
| Obverse Column ii [1:2] o ii 22–o ii 22 | month [...] |
| Obverse Column ii [2:5] o ii 33– | 2 pānu [...] |
| Reverse Column iv [0:1] r iv 1'r iv 1'–r iv 1'r iv 1' | (traces) |
| Reverse Column iv [1:2] r iv 2'2'–r iv 2'2' | [...] having passed to the east, set. The 28th, Mercury’s last appearance in the east in the end of Aquarius. From the 28th [...] |
| Reverse Column iv [2:3] r iv 3'3'–r iv 3'3' | [...] The 29th, in the afternoon, overcast. From the 24th to the 29th, a little cold. |
| Reverse Column iv [3:5] r iv 4'4'– | [...] in the beginning of the month, 3 sūtu for one shekel of refined silver, in the middle of the month, 2 sūtu 3 qa, |
| Top [0:1] t.e. 1t.e. 1–t.e. 1t.e. 1 | [at the end of the] month, 3 sūtu; dates, 1 pānu 2 sūtu; mustard, 4 pānu; sesame, 1 sūtu 2 qa; oil? [...] |
| Top [1:2] t.e. 22–t.e. 22 | [...] At that time, Jupiter was behind Cancer in the beginning of Leo; Venus was in Pisces; M[ars? ...] |
| Top [2:4] t.e. 33–t.e. 44 | [...]; Saturn was in Capricorn; Mercury was in Aquarius, (on the) 28th, last appearance. |
| Top [3:4] t.e. 44–t.e. 44 | [...] sunset to moonset: 14°; there were dense clouds, so that I did not see the moon. |
| Top [4:5] t.e. 55–t.e. 55 | Diary for year 11. |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o i | ||
| 1 | [...] ar₂-tak-šat-su SIG he-pi₂ | |
| 2 | [... DIR] ⸢AN⸣ ZA GE₆ 25 DIR i sin ina IGI AN 1 KUŠ₃ LAL₂ | |
| 3 | [...] ⸢DIR⸣ i GE₆ 26 sin ar₂ dele-bat he-pi₂ 1/2 KUŠ₃ LAL₂ | |
| o ii | ||
| 1 | e [...] | |
| 2 | ITU [...] | |
| 3 | 2(BARIG) x [...] | |
| r iii | ||
| 1' | x [...] | |
| r iv | ||
| 2' | [... ana] ⸢NIM⸣ DIB ŠU₂ 28 GU₄.UD ina ⸢NIM⸣ ina TIL GU.LA ŠU₂ TA 28 | |
| 3' | [EN ...] 29 ina KIN.SIG ŠU₂ TA 24 EN 29 i ŠED₇ | |
| 4' | [...] ina SAG ITU 3(BAN₂) ana 1 GIN₂ KU₃.BABBAR qa-lu ina MURUB₄ ITU 2(BAN₂) 3 qa | |
| t.e. | ||
| 1 | [ina TIL] ⸢ITU⸣ 3(BAN₂) ZU₂.LUM 1(BARIG) 2(BAN₂) ka-si 4 PI ŠE.GIŠ 1(BAN₂) 2 qa ⸢sah⸣ | |
| 2 | [...] i-nu-šu₂ MUL₂.BABBAR ar₂ ALLA ina IGI SAG UR.A dele-bat ina KUN{me} ⸢AN⸣ [...] | |
| 3 | [...] x GENNA ina MAŠ₂ GU₄.UD ina GU 28 ŠU₂-bi | |
| 4 | [ZIZ₂ 30 14 na DIR KALAG-ma sin NU IGI | |
| 5 | EN.NUN ša₂ gi-ne₂-e ša₂ MU.11.KAM₂ | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.