AD -382 (X103820)
Astronomical Diary, Achaemenid, Babylon · c. 539 BCE–330 BCE
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| Designation | AD -382 |
|---|---|
| ID | X103820 |
| Museum no. | BM 34638 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Achaemenid · c. 539 BCE–330 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart1 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [...] the east wind blew. [...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [...] of Cancer 2 cubits; first part of the night, ... [...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | [... Night of the 6th, beginning] of the night, the moon was 2/3 cubits in front of ϑ Leonis. |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [...] ... 5 fingers back to the west. From the 5th to the 9th, ... |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [...] β Geminorum 2 cubits 8 fingers; clouds were in the sky. Around the 13th, |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [...] ... 20 fingers. The 15th, sunrise to moonset: 5°, measured; a few clouds were in the sky; the north wind blew. |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | [...] Night of the 19th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits behind δ Capricorni. |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [... Night of the 23rd ...] 2/3 cubit; last part of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits in front of η Piscium. Night of the 24th, |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [... cu]bits 20 fingers; clouds were in the sky, rain shower. The 26th, rain shower. Night of the 27th, a little rain shower. |
| Obverse [11:12] o 12'12'–o 12'12' | [...; dates, 2 pānu] 2 sūtu 3 qa, at the end of the month, 2 pānu 4 sūtu; mustard, 1 pānu 1 sūtu; cress, 3 sūtu 3 qa; sesame, 1 sūtu 1 1/2 qa |
| Obverse [12:14] o 13'13'–o 14'14' | [...] there was much “mouth-disease” and rišūtu in the land. |
| Obverse [13:14] o 14'14'–o 14'14' | [Month III, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), ...] ... Night of the 4th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 cubits 8 fingers in front of β Virginis. |
| Obverse [14:15] o 15'15'–o 15'15' | [... Night of the 7th, beginning of the night, the moon was] 1 2/3 cubits [behind α] Virginis 1 2/3 cubits. Night of the 8th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2 cubits 8 fingers in front of α Librae. |
| Obverse [15:16] o 16'16'–o 16'16' | [... lunar eclipse ...] after sunset; I did not watch. The 14th, moonset to sunrise: 3° 40'. Night of the 15th, moonrise to sunset: 1° 20'. |
| Obverse [16:17] o 17'17'–o 17'17' | [... Saturn’s] first appearance [...] β Geminorum; it was bright (and) high, (ideal) first appearance on the 15th. Night of the 21st, last part of the night, the moon was |
| Obverse [17:18] o 18'18'–o 18'18' | [... Night of the 26th, last part of the night, the moon was] 1 cubit 20 fingers [...] η Geminorum. The 27th, moonrise to sunrise: 16° 20'. |
| Obverse [18:19] o 19'19'–o 19'19' | [...] From the 1st to the end of the month, the river level - remainder of 2 cubits - |
| Obverse [19:20] o 20'20'–o 20'20' | [... At that time,] Jupiter was in Cancer; Venus was in Cancer in the beginning of the month, |
| Obverse [20:22] o 21'21'–o 22'22' | [...] silver were torn down to the water (level?). |
| Obverse [21:22] o 22'22'–o 22'22' | [Month IV, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month) ... Night of the 5th,] beginning of the night, the moon was 2/3 cubit behind α Virginis. A small “fall of fire” |
| Obverse [22:23] o 23'23'–o 23'23' | [...] 8 fingers. Night of the 7th, beginning of the night, the moon was 2/3 cubit behind [α] Librae |
| Obverse [23:24] o 24'24'–o 24'24' | [...] stood 1/2 cubit to the east [...] ... |
| Obverse [24:25] o 25'25'–o 25'25' | [...] Night of the 15th? [...] ... |
| Obverse [25:27] o 26'26'– | [...] the moon was behind ... [...] ... |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1'r 1'–r 1'r 1' | [...] below ... [...] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 2'2'–r 2'2' | [...] Night of the 24th, clouds were in the sky. [...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | [... un]til the end of the month, the river level - remainder of 1/2 cubit - rose 22 fingers [...] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 4'4'–r 4'4' | [... At that time, Jupiter was in Can]cer; Venus was in Pisces; Saturn was in Gemini; Mercury was in Aquarius; Mars [was in Pisces ...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 6'6'–r 6'6' | [Month XI, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month), ...] ... Night of the 3rd, the moon stood in front of Mars, 2 2/3 cubits to the west. The 3rd, in the afternoon, |
| Reverse [6:7] r 7'7'–r 7'7' | [... un]til the 6th, the river level - remainder of 1 cubit - rose 1 cubit 20 fingers. |
| Reverse [7:8] r 8'8'–r 8'8' | [... the moon was] surrounded [by a halo], Saturn stood in it. The 8th, thin clouds crossed the sky. Night of the 9th, |
| Reverse [8:9] r 9'9'–r 9'9' | [... The 12th,] moonset to sunrise: 5°; in the afternoon, the sun was surrounded by a halo. Night of the 13th, first part of the night, the moon was surrounded by a halo. |
| Reverse [9:10] r 10'10'–r 10'10' | [... last] part of the night, the moon was 1 cubit 20 fingers in front of β Scorpii ... |
| Reverse [10:11] r 11'11'–r 11'11' | [... Night] of the 22nd, gusty wind. The 22nd, in the morning, a cloud-bank was to the right of the sun [...] |
| Reverse [11:12] r 12'12'–r 12'12' | [...] th[in clouds] were in the sky. Night of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] behind δ Capricorni [...] |
| Reverse [12:13] r 13'13'–r 13'13' | [... until] the end of the month, the river level receded 14 fingers [...] |
| Right [0:1] r.e. 1r.e. 1–r.e. 1r.e. 1 | [...] Year 22, king Arses. |
| Right [1:2] r.e. 22–r.e. 22 | [...] Year 22, ki[ng] Arses. |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] x [...] | |
| 2' | [...] x E₂ x [...] | |
| 3' | [...] x KUR GIN x [...] | |
| 4' | [...] ša₂ ALLA 2 KUŠ₃ USAN x [...] | |
| 5' | [... GE₆ 6 SAG] GE₆ sin ina IGI GIŠ.KUN-UR.A 2/3 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ | |
| 6' | [...] x 5 SI ana ŠU₂ LAL TA 5 EN 9 ⸢x⸣ | |
| 7' | [...] MAŠ.MAŠ-ar₂ 2 KUŠ₃ 8 SI DIR AN ZA in 13 | |
| 8' | [...] x 20 SI 15 5 na muš DIR i AN ZA SI GIN | |
| 9' | [...] GE₆ 19 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ | |
| 10' | [... GE₆ 23 ...] 2/3 KUŠ₃ ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-DUR-nu-nu 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 24 | |
| 11' | [...] ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ 20 SI DIR AN ZA UTAH 26 AN UTAH GE₆ 27 AN UTAH i | |
| 12' | [... ZU₂.LUM 2(BARIG) 2(BAN₂) 3 qa ina TIL ITU 2(BARIG) 4(BAN₂) ka-si 1(BARIG) 1(BAN₂) ZA₃ 3(BAN₂) 3 qa ŠE.GIŠ 1(BAN₂) 1 1/2 qa | |
| 13' | [...] ⸢GIG⸣ KA u ri-šu-tu ina KUR MAH | |
| 14' | [SIG 1 ...] x GE₆ 4 SAG GE₆ sin ina ⸢IGI⸣ GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-A 2 KUŠ₃ 8 SI | |
| 15' | [... GE₆ 7 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ SA₄]-⸢ša₂⸣-ABSIN 1 2/3 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 2 KUŠ₃ 8 SI | |
| 16' | [...] ⸢GE₆⸣ GIN NU PAP 14 3.40 ŠU₂ GE₆ 15 1.20 ME | |
| 17' | [... GENNA ... MAŠ].⸢MAŠ⸣-ar₂ IGI KUR NIM in 15 IGI GE₆ 21 ina ZALAG₂ sin | |
| 18' | [... GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂ sin x MUL₂]-⸢IGI⸣-ša₂-še-pit-MAŠ.MAŠ 1 KUŠ₃ 20 SI 27 16.20 KUR | |
| 19' | [...] TA 1 EN TIL ITU ILLU 2 KUŠ₃ KA₂-tu₂ | |
| 20' | [... i-nu-šu₂] ⸢MUL₂⸣.BABBAR ina ALLA dele-[bat ina] ⸢SAG⸣ ITU ina ALLA | |
| 21' | [...] KU₃.BABBAR EN muh-hi A{meš} na-qar-ʾ | |
| 22' | [ŠU 30 ... GE₆ 5 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ SA₄-ša₂-ABSIN 2/3 KUŠ₃ IZI.ŠUB i | |
| 23' | [...] 8 SI GE₆ 7 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ ⸢RIN₂-ša₂⸣-[ULU₃] 2/3 KUŠ₃ | |
| 24' | [...] 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana NIM GUB [...] x | |
| 25' | [...] GE₆ 15 [...] x | |
| 26' | [...] ⸢sin⸣ ar₂ ⸢x⸣ [...] [...] x TE LU | |
| r | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x⸣ SIG MUL₂ x [...] | |
| 2' | [...] GE₆ 24 DIR AN ZA [...] | |
| 3' | [...] ⸢EN⸣ TIL ITU ILLU 1/2 KUŠ₃ KA₂-tu₂ 22 SI ⸢GIN⸣ [...] | |
| 4' | [... MUL₂.BABBAR ina] ⸢ALLA⸣ dele-bat ina zib{me} GENNA ina MAŠ.MAŠ GU₄.UD ina GU AN [ina zib{me} ...] | |
| 5' | [...] | |
| 6' | [ZIZ₂ 30 ...] x GE₆ 3 sin ina IGI AN 2 2/3 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ GUB 3 ina KIN.⸢SIG⸣ | |
| 7' | [...] ⸢EN⸣ 6 ILLU 1 KUŠ₃ KA₂-tu₂ 1 KUŠ₃ 20 SI GIN | |
| 8' | [... sin TUR₃] NIGIN₂ GENNA ina ŠA₃ GUB 8 DIR SAL AN DIB GE₆ 9 | |
| 9' | [... 12 5 ŠU₂ ina KIN.SIG šamaš₂ TUR₃ NIGIN₂ GE₆ 13 USAN sin TUR₃ NIGIN₂ | |
| 10' | [... ina] ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MUL₂-e-ša₂-SAG-GIR₂.TAB 1 KUŠ₃ 20 SI ⸢x⸣ [x] x | |
| 11' | [... GE₆] 22 IM ŠAR₂ 22 ina še-ri₃ ni-di ina 15 šamaš₂ [...] | |
| 12' | [... DIR] ⸢SAL AN⸣ ZA GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-⸢ar₂⸣-[ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ N N ...] | |
| 13' | [...] TIL ITU ILLU 14 SI ⸢LAL-is⸣ [...] | |
| 14' | [...] x x x [...] | |
| r.e. | ||
| 1 | [...] x ⸢MU 22.KAM₂⸣ {m}ar₂-šu₂ LUGAL | |
| 2 | [...] ⸢MU 22.KAM₂⸣ {m}ar₂-šu₂ ⸢LUGAL⸣ | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.