AD -375B (X103752)
Astronomical Diary, Achaemenid, Babylon · c. 539 BCE–330 BCE
Open in the reader & map →See it among all tablets
| Designation | AD -375B |
|---|---|
| ID | X103752 |
| Museum no. | BM 34642 + 35417 + 78829 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Achaemenid · c. 539 BCE–330 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart1 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [... Ni]ght of the 6th, first part of the night, the moon was [...] below β Arietis [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [... cu]bits. Night of the 7th, lightning, rain shower. The 7th, in the morning, rain PISAN DIB. Night of the 8th, beginning of the ni[ght, ...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [... Night of the 10th, beginning of the ni]ght, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits behind β Tauri. The 10th, clouds were in the sky. Night of the 11th, first part [of the night, ...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | [...]+1/2 cubit; last part of the night, fog. The 12th, moonset to sunrise: 16° 20'?; clouds, I did not watch; in the morning, fog. Night [...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [... Night] of the 15th, sunset to moonrise: 11° 10'; clouds, I did not watch; fog. Night of the 16th, overcast. The 16th, in the afternoon, ... [...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [... f]og. Night of the 19th, last part of the night, the moon was 2/3 cubit in front of α Virginis. The 19th, [in] the morning, much fog. Ni[ght of the 20th, [...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [...] ... Night of the 21st, last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits in front of α Librae. The 21st, [in the mor]ning, fog. Night of the 22nd, rain PISAN D[IB ...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | [...] The 23rd, rain PISAN DIB. The 24th, in the afternoon, ... [...] Night of the 25th, overcast. The 25th, rain DUL [...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [... Mercury’s first appea]rance [in the west] 8 fingers above Jupiter, 4 fingers back to the west; it was high, (ideal) first appearance on the [nnth]. That month, the equivalent (for 1 shekel of silver was): barley, 2 pānu, at the end of the mo[nth, ...] |
| Obverse [10:12] o 11'11'–o 12'12' | [... se]same, 2 sūtu 3 qa; wool, 2 minas. At that time, Jupiter and Mercury were in Aquarius; Venus was in Sagittarius, at the end of the month, in Capricorn; Saturn was in [Virgo ...] |
| Obverse [11:12] o 12'12'–o 12'12' | [Month XI, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month), the moon’s first] appearance; sunset to moonset: 15°; (the moon) was faint; the moon stood 1 1/2 cubits in front of Jupiter to the west, 3 cubits in front of Mercury to the west. Night of the 1st, lightning ... [...] |
| Obverse [12:13] o 13'13'–o 13'13' | [...] Night of the 2nd, overcast. The 2nd, gusty wind, clouds were in the sky. {The 2nd, clouds were in the sky.} Night of the 4th, the moon was 1 cubit [...] below η Piscium [...] |
| Obverse [13:14] o 14'14'–o 14'14' | [...] ... The 4th, in the afternoon, rain shower. Night of the 5th, beginning of the ni[ght, the moo]n was 2 cubits behind α Arietis. Night of the 6th, beginning of the ni[ght, ...] |
| Obverse [14:16] o 15'15'– | [...] entered [the moon] (and) came out in the east. Night of the 7th, rain sho[wer. Ni]ght of the 8th, first part of the night, β Tauri entered the moon [...] |
| Bottom [0:2] b.e. 1b.e. 1– | [Dia]ry from mon[th VII] to [the end of] month XII2 of year 29 of Arses, who [was called king] Artaxerxes. |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1r 1–r 1r 1 | [...] clouds crossed the sky. The 11th, Mars’ first appearance in Capricorn, 2 1/2 cubits behind Venus towards the east; it was bright and high ... [...] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 22–r 22 | [... Night of the] 13th, last part [of the night, the m]oon was balanced 1/2 cubit above α Leonis. The 13th, moonset to sunrise: 6° 30'. Night of the 14th, moonrise to sunset: 12°. At 6° night before sunrise, ... [...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 33–r 33 | [...] ... Mercury’s last appearance in the west in Aquarius; I did not watch. Night of the 15th, sunset to moonrise: 3° 20'; clouds, I did not watch; middle part of the night, rain DUL, gusty wind. The 15th, overcast, gusty wind. Night of the 16th, [...] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 44–r 44 | [Ni]ght of the 17th, last part of the night, the moon was 2 1/2 cubits behind γ Virginis. Night of the 18th, last part of the ni[ght, the moon was] 2 1/2 cubits behind α Virginis, it stood 1/2 cubit in front of Saturn to the west. Night of the 19th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits in front of α Librae; last part of the night, [...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 55–r 55 | [...] Venus was [...] back to the west. The 20th, the sun was surrounded by a halo; in the afternoon, overcast. Night of the 21st, last part of the night, the moon was 1 1/2 cubits behind <δ>? Scorpii; lightning flashed in the east. Night of the 22nd, last part of the night, [...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 66–r 66 | [The 2]3rd, clouds were in the sky. Night of the 24th, clouds were in the sky. The 24th, ... Night of [the 25th], last part of the night, the moon was 2 2/3 cubits in front of β Capricorni. Night of the 27th, last part of the night, the moon was |
| Reverse [6:7] r 77–r 77 | 1 cubit [in front of Ma]rs, [it stood] 2 cubits 8 fingers in front of Venus to the west [...] Night of the 28th, ... [...] The 28th, [...] |
| Reverse [7:8] r 88–r 88 | That [month], the equivalent (of 1 shekel of silver was): barley, 2 pānu ... qa; dates [...] |
| Reverse [8:10] r 99–r 1010 | [... Sat]urn was in Libra; Jupiter ... [...] |
| Reverse [9:10] r 1010–r 1010 | [Month XII, ...] sunset to moonset: 19°; ... [...] |
| Reverse [10:11] r 1111–r 1111 | [...] rain DUL [...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] x x [...] | |
| 2' | [...] ⸢GE₆⸣ 6 USAN sin SIG MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-SAG-HUN.GA₂ [...] | |
| 3' | [...] ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ GE₆ 7 GIR₂ AN UTAH 7 ina še-ri₃ AN PISAN DIB GE₆ 8 SAG ⸢GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| 4' | [... GE₆ 10 SAG] ⸢GE₆⸣ sin ar₂ ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-SI 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ 10 DIR AN ZA GE₆ 11 ⸢USAN⸣ [...] | |
| 5' | [...]+1/2 KUŠ₃ ina ZALAG₂ DUGUD 12 16.20 ŠU₂ DIR NU PAP ina še-ri₃ DUGUD GE₆ [...] | |
| 6' | [... GE₆] 15 11.10 GE₆ DIR NU PAP ⸢DUGUD⸣ GE₆ 16 ŠU₂ 16 ina KIN.SIG x [x x] x [...] | |
| 7' | [...] ⸢DUGUD⸣ GE₆ 19 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI SA₄-ša₂-ABSIN 2/3 KUŠ₃ 19 [ina] ⸢še⸣-ri₃ DUGUD MAH ⸢GE₆⸣ 20 ...] | |
| 8' | [...] x GE₆ 21 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI RIN₂-ša₂-⸢ULU₃⸣ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ 21 [ina še]-⸢ri₃⸣ DUGUD GE₆ 22 AN PISAN ⸢DIB⸣ [...] | |
| 9' | [...] 23 AN PISAN DIB 24 ina KIN.SIG [AN] ⸢x x PISAN MAH⸣ [DIB] GE₆ 25 ŠU₂ 25 AN DUL [...] | |
| 10' | [...] 8 SI e MUL₂.BABBAR 4 SI ana ŠU₂ ⸢LAL⸣ [x] ⸢IGI⸣ NIM in [N] IGI ITU BI KI.LAM ŠE 2 PI ina TIL ⸢ITU⸣ [...] | |
| 11' | [...] ⸢ŠE⸣.GIŠ 2(BAN₂) 3 qa SIG₂ 2 ma i-nu-šu₂ [MUL₂].BABBAR u GU₄.⸢UD⸣ ina GU dele-bat ina PA ina TIL ITU ina MAŠ₂ GENNA ina [ABSIN ...] | |
| 12' | [ZIZ₂ 30 sin] ⸢IGI⸣ 15 na SIG sin ina IGI MUL₂.BABBAR 1 1/2 KUŠ₃⸣ ana ŠU₂ GUB ina IGI ⸢GU₄.UD⸣ 3 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ GUB GE₆ 1 GIR₂ ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 13' | [...] GE₆ 2 ŠU₂ 2 IM ŠAR₂ DIR AN ZA 2 ⸢DIR⸣ [AN] ⸢ZA⸣ GE₆ 4 sin SIG MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-DUR-nu-nu 1 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ [...] | |
| 14' | [...] ⸢x x⸣ 4 ina KIN.SIG AN UTAH GE₆ 5 SAG ⸢GE₆ sin⸣ ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-LU 2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 6 SAG ⸢GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| 15' | [...] ⸢KU₄⸣ ina KUR E₃ GE₆ 7 AN ⸢UTAH GE₆⸣ 8 USAN ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-SI ana ŠA₃ ⸢sin⸣ [KU₄ ...] | |
| b.e. | ||
| 1 | [EN.NUN ša₂] ⸢gi⸣-ne₂-e ša₂ TA ⸢DU₆ EN⸣ [TIL] DIR.ŠE ša₂ <MU>.29.KAM₂ {m}ar₂-šu₂ ša₂ {m}ar₂-tak-šat-[su ...] | |
| r | ||
| 1 | [...] DIR AN DIB 11 AN ina MAŠ₂ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ar₂ dele-bat ana NIM IGI KUR ⸢NIM-a⸣ [...] | |
| 2 | [... GE₆] 13 ina ⸢ZALAG₂ sin⸣ e LUGAL 1/2 KUŠ₃ LAL₂ 13 6.30 ŠU₂ GE₆ 14 12 ME in 6 UŠ GE₆ ana ZALAG₂ ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 3 | [...] x GU₄.UD ina ŠU₂ ina GU ŠU₂ NU PAP GE₆ 15 3.20 GE₆ DIR NU PAP MURUB₄ AN DUL IM ŠAR₂ 15 ŠU₂ IM ŠAR₂ GE₆ 16 [...] | |
| 4 | ⸢GE₆⸣ 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ DELE-ša₂-IGI-ABSIN 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 18 ina ⸢ZALAG₂⸣ [sin] ar₂ SA₄-ša₂-ABSIN 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ ina IGI GENNA 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ GUB GE₆ 19 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ ina ZALAG₂ [...] | |
| 5 | [x] dele-bat ana ŠU₂ LAL 20 šamaš₂ TUR₃ NIGIN₂ ina KIN.SIG ŠU₂ GE₆ 21 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ SAG-GIR₂.TAB 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ GIR₂ A₂ KUR GIR₂{me} GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂ [...] | |
| 6 | 23 DIR AN ZA GE₆ 24 DIR AN ZA 24 [x x x] ⸢GE₆⸣ 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI SI-MAŠ₂ 2 2/3 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 27 ⸢ina ZALAG₂ sin⸣ | |
| 7 | [ina IGI] ⸢AN⸣ 1 KUŠ₃ ina IGI dele-bat 2 KUŠ₃ 8 SI⸣ ana ŠU₂ [GUB ...] GE₆ 28 x x x 28 x x x⸣ [...] | |
| 8 | [ITU] BI KI.LAM še-⸢im 2 PI⸣ [x x] qa ZU₂ [...] | |
| 9 | [x x] ⸢GENNA⸣ ina RIN₂ MUL₂.[BABBAR] ⸢ša₂⸣ [ŠU₂-u₂ NU IGI] x [...] | |
| 10 | [ŠE 1 x] 19 na ⸢x x⸣ [...] | |
| 11 | [x x] AN DUL [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.