AD -372C (X103723)
Astronomical Diary, Achaemenid, Babylon · c. 539 BCE–330 BCE
Open in the reader & map →See it among all tablets
| Designation | AD -372C |
|---|---|
| ID | X103723 |
| Museum no. | BM 35561 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Achaemenid · c. 539 BCE–330 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart1 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [Night] of the 29th, [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [beg]inning of Aries [...] |
| Obverse [3:5] o 4'4'–o 5'5' | [un]til? the 22nd ... [...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | Month III, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month); dense clouds, I did not see the moon; sunset to moonset: 19° (expected). Night of the 1st, Ma[rs? ...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | Night of the 3rd, the moon was 2 2/3 cubits behind Cancer, 1 cubit below Venus ... [... Night of the 6th, first part of the night, the moon was] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | 2 cubits 8 fingers below β Virginis, the moon [being] a little [back to the we]st? ... From Mercury’s rising] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | until its setting dense mist, when I watched I did not see it; in the west? [...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | thin clouds crossed the sky. The 8th, clouds crossed the sky. Night of the 10th, first part of the night, [...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [Night of the 1]1th, first part of the night, the moon was 1 2/3 cubits in front of the head of Scorpius; the north wind [blew? ...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [...] The 12th, ZI IR. Around the 12th, [when] Saturn [became stationary] towards [the west, ...] |
| Obverse [11:13] o 12'12'– | [...] ... [...] 4 2/3? [...] |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1'r 1'–r 1'r 1' | [...] ... [... Night of the 9th,] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 2'2'–r 2'2' | [beginning of the ni]ght, the moon was 1/2 cubit in front of α Scorpii ... [... Venus was] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | 2 fingers [be]low β Virginis, Venus having passed 3 fingers to the east. Ni[ght ... Night of the 15th,] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 4'4'–r 4'4' | first part of the night, the moon was balanced 1 cubit 8 fingers above γ Capricorni ... [...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 5'5'–r 5'5' | Night of the 21st, last part of the night, the moon was 2/3 cubit behind α Arietis. From the 17th to the ... [...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 6'6'–r 6'6' | Mars being a little back to the west. Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, the moon was 1 cubit in front of α Tauri. The 23rd, the sun set in mist [... Night of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was ..., the moon] |
| Reverse [6:7] r 7'7'–r 7'7' | having passed [...] to the east, 2/3 cubit above Mars, the moon being 1/2 cubit back to the west. From the 23rd to the 25th, ZI I[R ...] |
| Reverse [7:8] r 8'8'–r 8'8' | The 26th, Mercury’s first appearance in the west in Leo; (ideal) first appearance around the 19th. The 27th, moonrise to sunrise: 23°. ... [...] |
| Reverse [8:9] r 9'9'–r 9'9' | mustard, 1 kurru 3 pānu 2 sūtu; cress, 2 sūtu; sesame, 3 sūtu; wool, 3 minas. At that time, Jupiter was in Taurus; Mars [...] |
| Reverse [9:11] r 10'10'–r 11'11' | Mercury was in Leo. That month, the river level - remainder? 20 fingers - receded 3 1/2 cubits. On the 3rd, [...] |
| Reverse [10:11] r 11'11'–r 11'11' | Month V, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month), first appearance of the moon; sunset to moonset: 12°; the moon was 2 cubits in front of Mercury. Night of the 3rd, the moon was [...] behind γ Virginis ...] |
| Reverse [11:12] r 12'12'–r 12'12' | 2 1/2 cubits. Night of the 5th, first part of the night, the moon was 1 2/3 cubits in front of α Librae, [...] in front of Saturn [...] |
| Reverse [12:13] r 13'13'–r 13'13' | [Night] of the 9th, first part of the night, the moon was 2 2/3 cubits behind ϑ Ophiuchi. The 11th, a “fall of fire” ... [... Night of the 12th,] |
| Reverse [13:14] r 14'14'–r 14'14' | [Venus was ... be]hind α Virginis. Night of the 13th, first part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of γ Capricorni [...] |
| Reverse [14:15] r 15'15'–r 15'15' | [...] Night of the 16th, last part of the night, the moon was in fr[ont of ...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [x] x [...] | |
| 2' | [GE₆] 29 [...] | |
| 3' | ⸢SAG⸣ HUN ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 4' | ⸢EN⸣ 22 x [...] | |
| 5' | SIG 30 DIR KALAG sin [NU] ⸢IGI⸣ 19 na GE₆ 1 ⸢AN⸣ [...] | |
| 6' | GE₆ 3 sin ar₂ ALLA 2 2/3 KUŠ₃ SIG dele-bat 1 KUŠ₃ x [... GE₆ 6 USAN sin] | |
| 7' | SIG GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-UR.A 2 KUŠ₃ 8 SI i sin ana ⸢x⸣ [LAL ... GU₄.UD TA IGI-šu₂] | |
| 8' | EN UGU ŠU₂-šu₂ a-kam₂ KALAG ki PAP NU IGI ina ŠU₂ [...] | |
| 9' | DIR SAL AN DIB 8 DIR AN DIB GE₆ 10 USAN [...] | |
| 10' | [GE₆] 11 USAN sin ina IGI SAG GIR₂.TAB 1 2/3 KUŠ₃ SI [GIN ...] | |
| 11' | [x x x] 12 ZI IR in EN 12 GENNA ana [ŠU₂ ki UŠ-a ...] | |
| 12' | [...] x [x x x] 4 2/3 [...] | |
| r | ||
| 1' | [x x] x sin x [... GE₆ 9 | |
| 2' | [SAG] ⸢GE₆⸣ sin ina IGI SI₄ 1/2 KUŠ₃⸣ x [... dele-bat] | |
| 3' | ⸢SIG⸣ GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-UR.A 2 SI dele-bat 3 SI ana NIM DIB ⸢GE₆⸣ [... GE₆ 15 | |
| 4' | USAN sin e MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ 1 KUŠ₃ 8 SI LAL₂ x [...] | |
| 5' | GE₆ 21 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-SAG-HUN 2/3 KUŠ₃ TA 17 EN x [...] | |
| 6' | i AN ana ŠU₂ LAL GE₆ 23 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI is-le₁₀ 1 KUŠ₃ 23 šamaš₂ ina a-kam₂ ŠU₂ [... GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin ... sin N N] | |
| 7' | ana NIM DIB e AN 2/3 KUŠ₃ sin 1/2 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ LAL TA 23 EN 25 ZI ⸢IR⸣ [...] | |
| 8' | 26 GU₄.UD ina ŠU₂ ina UR.A IGI NIM in 19 IGI 27 23 KUR SAR BI ⸢in⸣ [...] | |
| 9' | ka-si 1(GUR) 3(BARIG) 2(BAN₂) ZA₃ 2(BAN₂) ŠE.GIŠ 3(BAN₂) SIG₂ 3 ma i-nu-šu₂ MUL₂.BABBAR ina GU₄ AN [...] | |
| 10' | GU₄.UD ina UR.A ITU BI ILLU 20 SI KA₂-tu₂ 3 1/2 KUŠ₃ LAL U₄ 3 [...] | |
| 11' | NE 30 sin IGI 12 na SIG sin ina IGI GU₄.UD 2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 3 sin ar₂ [DELE-ša₂-IGI-ABSIN ...] | |
| 12' | 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 5 USAN sin ina IGI RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 1 2/3 KUŠ₃ ina IGI GENNA [...] | |
| 13' | [GE₆] 9 USAN sin ar₂ MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-šil-PA 2 2/3 KUŠ₃ 11 IZI.ŠUB x [... GE₆ 12 | |
| 14' | [dele-bat] ⸢ar₂⸣ SA₄-ša₂-⸢ABSIN⸣ [N N] GE₆ 13 USAN sin ina IGI [MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ ...] | |
| 15' | [...] ⸢GE₆⸣ 16 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina ⸢IGI⸣ [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.