AD -368 (X103680)
Astronomical Diary, Achaemenid, Babylon · c. 539 BCE–330 BCE
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| Designation | AD -368 |
|---|---|
| ID | X103680 |
| Museum no. | BM 36832 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Achaemenid · c. 539 BCE–330 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart1 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1'o 1'–o 1'o 1' | [...] Night of the 2nd?, ... [... Night of the 5th,] |
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [first part of the night, the m]oon was 2 cu[bits] below α Leonis [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [Night] of the 7th, first part of the night, the moon was [...] in front of [β Virginis ...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | The 8th, in the afternoon, clouds were in the sky. Ni[ght ... Night of the 11th, first part of the night, the moon was] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | 2 1/2 cubits [...] α Librae; Mercury was [...] below β Geminorum [...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | clouds and haze crossed the sky; the sun [...] in a “bo[x”? ...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | Night of the 13th, moonrise to sunset: 20°. The 13th, sunrise to moonset: 11° 10'; I did not watch. [...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | From the 30th of month I to the 13th, the river level [...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | Night of the 17th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] behind δ Capricorni [...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | Venus was 2 1/2 cubits above α Tauri, Venus being [...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | Mercury being low to the south; last part of the night, the moon was in front of [...] |
| Obverse [11:12] o 12'12'–o 12'12' | The 28th, in the morning, clouds were in the sky; ... [...] |
| Obverse [12:13] o 13'13'–o 13'13' | mustard, 3 pānu [...] |
| Obverse [13:15] o 14'14'– | at [that time, ...] |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1'r 1'–r 1'r 1' | 1 finger [...] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 2'2'–r 2'2' | above β [Virginis ...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | 1 cu[bit ...] α Tauri [...] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 4'4'–r 4'4' | Venus was below β Geminorum [...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 5'5'–r 5'5' | 2 pānu 1 sūtu, at the end of the month, 2 pānu 1 sūtu [...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 6'6'–r 6'6' | cress, 3 sūtu 3 qa; sesame, 1 sūtu 4 qa [...] |
| Reverse [6:7] r 7'7'–r 7'7' | Saturn was in Sagittarius; Mars and Mercury, which had set, were not vi[sible ...] |
| Reverse [7:9] r 8'8'–r 9'9' | There was recovery? of sick people in the land [...] |
| Reverse [8:9] r 9'9'–r 9'9' | Month IV, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month), sunset to moonset: 14° 30'.; it was bright. Night of the 3rd, beginning of the ni[ght, ...] |
| Reverse [9:10] r 10'10'–r 10'10' | The 3rd, Mars was 8° behind β Geminorum, 1/2 cubit behind Ven[us ...] |
| Reverse [10:11] r 11'11'–r 11'11' | (ideal) first appearance around the 22nd of month III. That day, Mercury was 1/2 cu[bit ...] |
| Reverse [11:12] r 12'12'–r 12'12' | Night of the 5th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] behind α Vir[ginis ...] |
| Reverse [12:13] r 13'13'–r 13'13' | 1 1/2 cubits. The 5th, Venus [...] towards Mars and Mercury to the east [...] |
| Reverse [13:14] r 14'14'–r 14'14' | 3 cubits [...]β/δ Scorpii. Night of the 7th, beginning of the night, [...] |
| Reverse [14:15] r 15'15'–r 15'15' | 1 1/2 cubits [...] ϑ Ophiuchi [...] |
| Left [0:1] l.e. 1l.e. 1–l.e. 1l.e. 1 | Diary from month I [...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [x x] ⸢GE₆⸣ 2 ⸢x⸣ [... GE₆ 5 | |
| 2' | [USAN] ⸢sin⸣ SIG LUGAL 2 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ [...] | |
| 3' | [GE₆] 7 USAN sin ina IGI [GIR₃-ar₂-ša₂-UR.A N N ...] | |
| 4' | 8 ina KIN.SIG DIR AN ZA ⸢GE₆⸣ [... GE₆ 11 USAN sin ...] | |
| 5' | [RIN₂]-ša₂-ULU₃ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ GU₄.UD SIG MAŠ.MAŠ-⸢ar₂⸣ [...] | |
| 6' | DIR u hi-lu AN DIB šamaš₂ ina pit₂-[nu ...] | |
| 7' | GE₆ 13 20 ME 13 11.10 na NU ⸢PAP⸣ [...] | |
| 8' | TA 30 ša₂ BAR EN 13 ILLU [...] | |
| 9' | GE₆ 17 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-[SUHUR-MAŠ₂ N N ...] | |
| 10' | dele-bat e is-le₁₀ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ dele-bat [...] | |
| 11' | GU₄.UD ana ULU₃ SIG ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI [...] | |
| 12' | 28 ina še-ri₃ DIR AN ZA ⸢x x⸣ [...] | |
| 13' | ka-si 3 PI [...] | |
| 14' | i-[nu-šu₂ ...] | |
| r | ||
| 1' | ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | e GIR₃-[ar₂-ša₂-UR.A ...] | |
| 3' | is-le₁₀ 1 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ [...] | |
| 4' | dele-bat SIG MAŠ.MAŠ-ar₂ [...] | |
| 5' | 2(BARIG) 1(BAN₂) ina TIL ITU 2(BARIG) 1(BAN₂) [...] | |
| 6' | sah-le₁₀ 3(BAN₂) 3 qa ŠE.GIŠ 1(BAN₂) 4 qa [...] | |
| 7' | GENNA ina PA.BIL AN u GU₄.UD ša₂ ŠU₂-u NU ⸢IGI⸣{me} [...] | |
| 8' | {lu₂}GIG{me} AN.TI.LA ina KUR ⸢GAL₂⸣ [...] | |
| 9' | ŠU 30 14.30 na KUR₄ GE₆ 3 SAG ⸢GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| 10' | 3 AN 8 UŠ ar₂ MAŠ.MAŠ-ar₂ 1/2 KUŠ₃ ar₂ dele-⸢bat⸣ [...] | |
| 11' | in 22 ša₂ SIG IGI U₄ BI GU₄.UD 1/2 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ [...] | |
| 12' | GE₆ 5 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ SA₄-ša₂-⸢ABSIN⸣ [...] | |
| 13' | 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ 5 dele-bat ana AN u GU₄.UD ana NIM [...] | |
| 14' | SAG-GIR₂.TAB 3 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 7 SAG GE₆ [...] | |
| 15' | [MUL₂-KUR]-⸢ša₂-šil-tah⸣-PA.BIL 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ [...] | |
| 16' | [...] [...] | |
| l.e. | ||
| 1 | EN.NUN ša₂ gi-ne₂-e ša₂ TA BAR ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.