AD -332B (X103322)
Astronomical Diary, Achaemenid, Babylon · c. 539 BCE–330 BCE
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| Designation | AD -332B |
|---|---|
| ID | X103322 |
| Museum no. | BM 40099 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Achaemenid · c. 539 BCE–330 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart1 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1'o 1'–o 1'o 1' | [...] Night of the 28th, la[st part of the night, ...] |
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [...] 3 cubits, Venus being 2/3 cubit to [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [That month, the equivalent (for 1 shekel of silver was): barley, (...)] 3 pānu 5 sūtu; dates, 4 pānu 4 sūtu, at the end [of the month, ...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [... At] that time, Venus, Mercury and Mars were in Virgo; [Saturn was in Aquarius; Jupiter, which had set, was not visible.] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | [...] until the 20th, the river level rose 4 fingers; from the 21st [to ...] |
| Obverse [5:7] o 6'6'–o 7'7' | [...] damming of the Pallukat canal [...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [Month VII, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month), sunset to moonset: ... The moon was] 1 2/3 cubits [in front of β/δ] Scorpii. Night of the 2nd, the moon was behind α Scorpii [...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [... clouds] were in the sky. Night of the 5th, last part of the night, Jupiter was behind α Vir[ginis ...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | [... Night of the 6th,] beginning of the night, the moon was 2 cubits behind β Capricorni. Ni[ght ...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [... cl]ouds were in the sky. Night of the 9th, beginning of the night, the moon was behind S[aturn ...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [...] Night of the 10th, clouds were in the sky. The 10th, Saturn’s [...] in [...] |
| Obverse [11:12] o 12'12'–o 12'12' | [... Night of the 12th, last part of the night, the moon was below α [Arietis ...] |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1r 1–r 1r 1 | (traces) |
| Reverse [1:2] r 22–r 22 | (traces) |
| Reverse [2:3] r 33–r 33 | [...] 4 fingers, ⸢the moon⸣ being ⸢2/3⸣ cubit back to the west. Night [...] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 44–r 44 | [... The 1]9th, clouds were in the sky. The 20th, in the afternoon, clouds crossed the sky. The 2[1st, ...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 55–r 55 | [...] Night of the 22nd, clouds crossed the sky. The 22nd, in the afternoon, overcast [...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 66–r 66 | [... Night of the 23rd, last part of the night, the moon was] 2 cubits [in front of] β Virginis. The 23rd, in the afternoon, clouds [...] |
| Reverse [6:7] r 77–r 77 | [... Night of the 25th, last part of the night,] the moon was 2 1/2 cubits in front of α Virginis, below [Venus ...] |
| Reverse [7:8] r 88–r 88 | [... The 2]6th, very overcast; in the afternoon, rain shower; at sunset, [...] |
| Reverse [8:9] r 99–r 99 | [... The 2]7th, moonrise to sunrise: 12° 30'; in the afternoon, very overcast, rain sh[ower? ...] |
| Reverse [9:10] r 1010–r 1010 | [...] at 1 double-hour after sunrise, solar eclipse [which passed by ...] |
| Reverse [10:11] r 1111–r 1111 | [... That month, the equivalent (for 1 shekel of silver was): bar]ley, 4 pānu, in the middle of the month, 4 pānu 1 sūtu? [...] |
| Reverse [11:12] r 1212–r 1212 | [... at] the end of the month, 4 kur; cress, 1 pānu 4 sūtu; se[same, ...] |
| Reverse [12:13] r 1313–r 1313 | [At that time, Jupiter was in Virgo, at the end of the month in Libra; Venus was in] Virgo; Saturn was in Aquarius; Ma[rs was in Virgo, at the end of the month in Libra; Mercury, which had set, was not visible.] |
| Bottom [0:1] b.e. 1b.e. 1–b.e. 1b.e. 1 | [Dia]ry from month V to the end [of month VIII of year 3] |
| Bottom [1:2] b.e. 22–b.e. 22 | [of Artašata, who] is ca[lled] king Darius. |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢GE₆⸣ 28 ⸢ina⸣ [ZALAG₂ ...] | |
| 2' | [...] 3 KUŠ₃ dele-bat 2/3 KUŠ₃ ana [...] | |
| 3' | [ITU BI KI.LAM še-im (...)] 3(BARIG) 5(BAN₂) ZU₂.LUM 4(BARIG) 4(BAN₂) ina TIL [ITU ...] | |
| 4' | [... i]-nu-šu₂ dele-bat GU₄.UD u AN ina ⸢ABSIN⸣ [GENNA ina GU MUL₂.BABBAR ša₂ ŠU₂-u₂ NU IGI ...] | |
| 5' | [...] EN 20 ILLU 4 SI GIN TA 21 [EN ...] | |
| 6' | [...] se-ke-ri ša₂ {id₂}pal-lu-ka-[tu₄ ...] | |
| 7' | [DU₆ 30 ... sin ina IGI MUL₂-x-ša₂]-⸢SAG⸣-GIR₂.TAB 1 2/3 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 2 sin ar₂ ⸢SI₄⸣ [...] | |
| 8' | [... DIR AN] ZA GE₆ 5 ina ZALAG₂ MUL₂.BABBAR ar₂ SA₄-ša₂-[ABSIN ...] | |
| 9' | [... GE₆ 6 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ SI-MAŠ₂ 2 KUŠ₂ ⸢GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| 10' | [...] ⸢DIR⸣ AN ZA GE₆ 9 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ ⸢GENNA⸣ [...] | |
| 11' | [...] ⸢x⸣ GE₆ 10 DIR AN ZA 10 GENNA ina [GU ...] | |
| 12' | [... GE₆ 12 ...] ⸢x⸣ U₄.ZAL sin SIG MUL₂-⸢ar₂⸣-[ša₂-SAG-HUN ...] | |
| 13' | [...] ⸢x x x x⸣ [...] | |
| 14' | [...] ⸢x x x⸣ [...] | |
| r | ||
| 3 | [...] 4 SI sin 2/3 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ LAL ⸢GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| 4 | [...] 19 DIR AN ZA 20 ina KIN.SIG DIR AN DIB 21 [...] | |
| 5 | [...] GE₆ 22 DIR AN DIB 22 ina KIN.SIG ŠU₂ [...] | |
| 6 | [... GE₆ 23 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI GIR₃]-ar₂-ša₂-UR.A 2 KUŠ₃ 23 ina KIN.SIG DIR ⸢AN⸣ [...] | |
| 7 | [... GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂] sin ina IGI SA₄-ša₂-ABSIN 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ SIG [dele-bat ...] | |
| 8 | [...] 26 ŠU₂.ŠU₂ ina KIN.SIG AN UTAH ki ŠU₂ šamaš₂ [...] | |
| 9 | [...] 27 12.30 KUR ina KIN.SIG ŠU₂.ŠU₂ AN ⸢UTAH⸣ [...] | |
| 10 | [...] 1 DANNA ME NIM-a AN.KU₁₀ {d}⸢šamaš₂⸣ [ša₂ DIB ...] | |
| 11 | [... ITU BI KI.LAM] ⸢še⸣-im 4 PI ina MURUB₄ ITU 4(BARIG) 1(BAN₂) [...] | |
| 12 | [...] TIL ITU 4(GUR) sah-le₁₀ 1(BARIG) 4(BAN₂) ⸢ŠE⸣.[GIŠ ...] | |
| 13 | [... i-nu-šu₂ MUL₂.BABBAR ina ABSIN ina TIL ITU ina RIN₂ dele-bat ina] ABSIN ⸢GENNA⸣ ina GU ⸢AN⸣ [ina ABSIN ina TIL ITU ina RIN₂ GU₄.UD ša₂ ŠU₂-u₂ NU IGI ...] | |
| 14 | [...] x [...] | |
| b.e. | ||
| 1 | [EN.NUN ša₂ gi]-ne₂-e ⸢ša₂ TA⸣ {itu}NE EN ⸢TIL⸣ {[itu}APIN ...] | |
| 2 | [... {m}da-ri]-⸢ia-a⸣-muš LUGAL MU-šu₂ [na-bu-u₂] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.