AD -294 (X102940)
Astronomical Diary, Hellenistic, Babylon · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE
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| Designation | AD -294 |
|---|---|
| ID | X102940 |
| Museum no. | BM 47929 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Hellenistic · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart1 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1'o 1'–o 1'o 1' | [...] Night of the 16th [... Night of the 20th,] |
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [last part of the night, the moon was] 1 cubit in front of β Capricorni [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [Night] of the 24th, first part of the night, Mercury was [...] above [f Tauri ...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [at the end] of the month, 4 pānu 1 sūtu; dates, 2 pā[nu ...] |
| Obverse [4:6] o 5'5'–o 6'6' | [... Sa]turn was in Gemini; Mars was in Cancer [...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [Month II, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month)], (sunset to moonset:) [x]+4°, it could be seen while the sun stood there; the moon was [...] in front of [η Geminorum ...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [... Night] of the 4th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] behind [δ Cancri ...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [...] 5 cubits. The 6th, Mer[cury’s last appearance in the west in Gemini ...] |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1'r 1'–r 1'r 1' | [...] very overcast, cold ... [...] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 2'2'–r 2'2' | [...] δ Scor[pii ...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | it stood 1 2/3 cubits [in front of] Mercury to the west. |
| Reverse [3:5] r 4'4'–r 5'5' | [At] that time, Jupiter was in Sagittarius; Venus was in Aquarius; Mercury was in G[emini; ...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 5'5'–r 5'5' | [Mon]th XI, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month), (sunset to moonset:) 16°, measured; the moon was 2 cubits below Venus. Night of the 1st, very overcast [...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 6'6'–r 6'6' | The 6th, Venus’ last appearance in the west in Aquarius; I did not watch. Night of the 7th, beginning of the night, the moon was [below α Tauri ... Venus'] |
| Reverse [6:7] r 7'7'–r 7'7' | first appearance in the east in Aquarius; rising of Venus to sunrise: 8°; cold, very overcast. Ni[ght ...] |
| Reverse [7:8] r 8'8'–r 8'8' | Night of the 12th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] below ε Leonis [... Night of the 18th, last part of the night, the moon was] |
| Reverse [8:9] r 9'9'–r 9'9' | 1 cubit in front of α Librae. The 18th, very overcast [...] |
| Reverse [9:10] r 10'10'–r 10'10' | when Saturn became stationary in the west, it became sta[tionary] in Gemini [...] |
| Reverse [10:11] r 11'11'–r 11'11' | 3 cubits below Venus. The 27th, [moonrise to sunrise:] 17° [...] |
| Reverse [11:12] r 12'12'–r 12'12' | [At that time, Ju]piter was in Sagittarius; Venus [was in Aquarius; ...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] GE₆ 16 [... GE₆ 20 | |
| 2' | [ina ZALAG₂ sin ina] IGI SI-MAŠ₂ 1 KUŠ₃ [...] | |
| 3' | [GE₆] 24 USAN GU₄.UD e [ŠUR-GIGIR-ša₂-ULU₃ ...] | |
| 4' | [ina TIL] ITU 4(BARIG) 1(BAN₂) ZU₂.LUM 2 ⸢PI⸣ [...] | |
| 5' | [x x] ⸢GENNA⸣ ina MAŠ.MAŠ AN ina ALLA [...] | |
| 6' | [GU₄ 1 x]+4 ina šamaš₂ GUB IGI sin ina IGI [MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-še-pit₂-MAŠ.MAŠ ...] | |
| 7' | [x x GE₆] 4 SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ [MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-ALLA-ša₂-ULU₃ ...] | |
| 8' | [x x x x] 5 KUŠ₃ 6 ⸢GU₄⸣.[UD ina ŠU₂ ina MAŠ.MAŠ ŠU₂ ...] | |
| 9' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| r | ||
| 1' | [x x x] ŠU₂.ŠU₂ ŠED₇ ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [x x] ⸢MUL₂⸣-MURUB₄-ša₂-SAG-[GIR₂.TAB ...] | |
| 3' | [x x] GU₄.UD 1 2/3 KUŠ₃ ana ŠU₂ GUB [...] | |
| 4' | [i]-nu-šu₂ MUL₂.BABBAR ina PA dele-bat ina GU GU₄.UD ⸢ina MAŠ⸣.[MAŠ ...] | |
| 5' | ⸢ZIZ₂⸣ 30 16 muš sin SIG dele-bat 2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 1 ŠU₂.ŠU₂ [...] | |
| 6' | 6 dele-bat ina ŠU₂ ina GU ŠU₂ NU PAP GE₆ 7 SAG ⸢GE₆ sin⸣ [ar₂ is-le₁₀ ... dele-bat] | |
| 7' | ina NIM ina GU IGI 8 na ŠED₇ ŠU₂.ŠU₂ ⸢GE₆⸣ [...] | |
| 8' | GE₆ 12 SAG GE₆ sin SIG SAG-⸢A⸣ [... GE₆ 18 ina ZALAG₂ sin] | |
| 9' | ina IGI RIN₂-ša₂-ULU₃ 1 KUŠ₃ 18 ŠU₂.ŠU₂ [...] | |
| 10' | GENNA ana ŠU₂ ki UŠ-a ina MAŠ.MAŠ ⸢UŠ⸣ [...] | |
| 11' | ⸢SIG dele-bat⸣ 3 KUŠ₃ 27 17 [KUR ...] | |
| 12' | [i-nu-šu₂] ⸢MUL₂.BABBAR⸣ ina PA ⸢dele-bat⸣ [ina GU ...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.