AD -293 (X102930)
Astronomical Diary, Hellenistic, Babylon · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE
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| Designation | AD -293 |
|---|---|
| ID | X102930 |
| Museum no. | BM 55544 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Hellenistic · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart1 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [... clouds] were in the sky. Night of [...] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [... first] part of the night, clouds crossed the sky. [...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [...] Mars? 2/3 cubits; overcast, lightning, thun[der ...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | [...] much [...], dew, gusty wind [...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [...] 3 cubits [...] η Piscium. The 14th, wind? [...] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | [...] Night of the 18th, last part of the night, the moon was 1 2/3 cubits in front of Jupiter [...] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | [... Night] of the 20th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] above γ Capricorni [...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | [... rain sh]ower. Night of the 21st, very overcast; beginning of the night, rain shower ... [...] |
| Obverse [9:10] o 10'10'–o 10'10' | [...] ... dew, gusty wind. The 23rd, Sirius’ [last appearance ...] |
| Obverse [10:11] o 11'11'–o 11'11' | [...] the sun rose in α black cloud. Night of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was below [...] |
| Obverse [11:12] o 12'12'–o 12'12' | [... The 25th, Mars’] first appearance [in the beginning of Tau]rus; it was bright, rising of Mars to sunrise: 20°; (ideal) first appearance on the 5th. Night of the 26th, [...] |
| Obverse [12:13] o 13'13'–o 13'13' | [... cl]ouds were in the sky. The 27th, moonrise to sunrise: 18°; in the afternoon, clouds crossed the sky; gusty wind [...] |
| Obverse [13:14] o 14'14'–o 14'14' | [...] ... That month, the equivalent (of 1 shekel of silver was): barley, 1 kur 5 sūtu, at the end of the mo[nth, ...] |
| Obverse [14:15] o 15'15'–o 15'15' | [...] sesame, 1 sūtu 2 qa, ... old; wool, [...] |
| Obverse [15:16] o 16'16'–o 16'16' | [...] on the 25th, Mars’ first appearance in the beginning of Taurus; it was bright, [rising of Mars to sunrise:] 20° [...] |
| Obverse [16:18] o 17'17'–o 18'18' | [...] (blank) [...] |
| Obverse [17:18] o 18'18'–o 18'18' | [Month III, ... the nor]th wind blew; last part of the night, clouds crossed the sky. The 1st, cl[ouds ...] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 2'2'–r 2'2' | [...] a meteor which was very bright and [had] a tail [...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 3'3'–r 3'3' | [...] Night of the 8th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] in front of ... [...] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 4'4'–r 4'4' | [...] cubits. Night of the 13th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 5'5'–r 5'5' | [...] 4 cubits. Night of the 18th, last part of the night, the moon was be[hind ...] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 6'6'–r 6'6' | [...] Leonis 4 cubits. Night of the 22nd, last part of the night, the m[oon ...] |
| Reverse [6:7] r 7'7'–r 7'7' | [...] The 23rd, when Jupiter became stationary to the east, [...] |
| Reverse [7:8] r 8'8'–r 8'8' | [...] Night of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was [...] behind ... [...] |
| Reverse [8:9] r 9'9'–r 9'9' | [...] 2 1/2 cubits [...] Venus. The 27th, m[oonrise to sunrise]: 15°. [...] |
| Reverse [9:10] r 10'10'–r 10'10' | [... the equi]valent (of 1 shekel of silver was): barley, 1 kur 1 pānu, at the end of the month, 1 ku[rru ...] |
| Reverse [10:11] r 11'11'–r 11'11' | [...] ...; wool, 1 1/2 minas. At that time, Jupi[ter ...] |
| Reverse [11:13] r 12'12'–r 13'13' | [... Ma]rs was in Cancer. That month, the river level receded 1/2? cubit, 33 [was the na (gauge) ...] |
| Reverse [12:13] r 13'13'–r 13'13' | [Month VI, ...] ... entered the northern horn of the moon. Night of the 4th, beginning of the night, the moon was [...] |
| Reverse [13:14] r 14'14'–r 14'14' | [... a "fall of] fire" [occurred] on the rear side of the wall of Nabonidus on the bank of the river [...] |
| Reverse [14:15] r 15'15'–r 15'15' | [...] clouds were in the sky; beginning of the night, the moon was 1 c[ubit] behind ϑ Ophiuchi [...] |
| Reverse [15:16] r 16'16'–r 16'16' | [...] Night of the 10th, clouds crossed the sky; last part of the night, {the moon}; α little rain shower. The 10th, clou[ds ...] |
| Reverse [16:17] r 17'17'–r 17'17' | [...] Leonis ⸢4⸣ cubits. From the 3rd to the 12th, ZI IR. The 10+[x]th?, [...] |
| Reverse [17:18] r 18'18'–r 18'18' | [...] The 15th, sunrise to moonset: 10° 30'. Night of the 16th, [...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x x⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [...] AN ZA GE₆ [...] | |
| 3' | [...] ⸢USAN⸣ DIR AN DIB [...] | |
| 4' | [...] AN 2/3 KUŠ₃ ŠU₂ GIR₂ GU₃ [U ...] | |
| 5' | [...] ⸢MAH⸣ AN na-al-šu₂ IM ŠAR₂ ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 6' | [... dele-bat x MUL₂]-⸢KUR⸣-ša₂-DUR-nu-nu 3 KUŠ₃ 14 40+[x ...] | |
| 7' | [...] ⸢GE₆⸣ 18 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina IGI MUL₂.BABBAR 1 2/3 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ [...] | |
| 8' | [... GE₆] 20 ina ZALAG₂ sin e MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ 1+[x ...] | |
| 9' | [... AN] ⸢UTAH⸣ GE₆ 21 ŠU₂.ŠU₂ SAG GE₆ AN UTAH 20+[x ...] | |
| 10' | [...] ⸢x⸣ AN na-al-šu₂ IM ŠAR₂ 23 KAK.⸢BAN⸣ [ŠU₂ ...] | |
| 11' | [...] 24 šamaš₂ ina DIR GE₆ KUR GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin ⸢SIG⸣ [MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-DUR-nu-nu N N ...] | |
| 12' | [... 25 AN ina SAG MUL₂].⸢MUL₂⸣ IGI KUR 20 na-su in 5 IGI GE₆ 26 [...] | |
| 13' | [...] ⸢AN⸣ ZA 27 18 KUR ina KIN.<SIG> DIR AN DIB IM ŠAR₂ [...] | |
| 14' | [...] ⸢x⸣ ITU BI KI.LAM <še>-im 1 GUR 5(BAN₂) ina TIL ⸢ITU⸣ [...] | |
| 15' | [...] ŠE.GIŠ.I₃ 1(BAN₂) 2 qa ina la-bi-ri SIG₂{hi.a} [...] | |
| 16' | [...] 25 AN ina SAG MUL₂.MUL₂ IGI KUR 20 [...] | |
| 17' | [...] | |
| 18' | [SIG ...] ⸢ana ŠU₂⸣ GUB ina ZALAG₂ DIR AN DIB 1 ⸢DIR⸣ [...] | |
| 19' | [...] [...] | |
| r | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 2' | [...] MUL₂ GAL ša₂ ma-gal KUR u ⸢meš-hi⸣ [TUK ...] | |
| 3' | [...] GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆ sin ina IGI MUL₂ [...] | |
| 4' | [... x]+1 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 13 SAG GE₆ sin [...] | |
| 5' | [...] 4 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 18 ina ZALAG₂ sin ⸢ar₂⸣ [...] | |
| 6' | [... dele-bat SIG SAG]-⸢UR⸣.A 4 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 22 ina ZALAG₂ ⸢sin⸣ [...] | |
| 7' | [...] 23 MUL₂.BABBAR ana NIM ki UŠ-[u₂ ...] | |
| 8' | [...] GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-⸢ar₂⸣-[ša₂-ALLA-ša₂-ULU₃ ...] | |
| 9' | [...] ⸢x⸣ dele-bat 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ 27 15 ⸢KUR⸣ [...] | |
| 10' | [... KI].⸢LAM⸣ <še>-im 1 GUR 1 PI ina TIL ITU 1 ⸢GUR⸣ [...] | |
| 11' | [...] ⸢x⸣ SIG₂{hi.a} 1 1/2 MA.NA i-nu-šu₂ MUL₂.[BABBAR ...] | |
| 12' | [...] ⸢AN⸣ ina ALLA ITU BI ILLU 1/2 KUŠ₃ LAL 33 [...] | |
| 13' | [KIN ...] ⸢x⸣ SI sin ša₂ SI KU₄ GE₆ 4 SAG GE₆ sin [...] | |
| 14' | [... IZI].⸢ŠUB⸣ ina ku-tal BAD₃ ša₂ {m}{d}AG-I ina GU₂ ID₂ [...] | |
| 15' | [... GE₆ 7 ⸢DIR⸣ AN ZA SAG GE₆ sin ar₂ MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-KIR₄-šil-PA 1 ⸢KUŠ₃⸣ [...] | |
| 16' | [...] ⸢GE₆⸣ 10 DIR AN DIB ina ZALAG₂ sin <...> AN UTAH i 10 ⸢DIR⸣ [...] | |
| 17' | [...] ⸢A 4 KUŠ₃ TA 3 EN 12 ZI IR 10+[x ...] | |
| 18' | [...] 15 10.30 na GE₆ 16 [...] | |
| 19' | [...] ⸢sin ina IGI x⸣ [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.