AD -264 (X102640)
Astronomical Diary, Hellenistic, Babylon · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE
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| Designation | AD -264 |
|---|---|
| ID | X102640 |
| Museum no. | BM 32448 + 32569 + 32697 |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Hellenistic · c. 330 BCE–141 BCE |
| Genre | Astronomical Diary |
| Find spot | Babylon |
| Coordinates | 32.5434, 44.4222 |
English translation
By ORACC project adsd/adart1 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse [0:1] o 1'o 1'–o 1'o 1' | [...] ... [... Night of the 17th,] |
| Obverse [1:2] o 2'2'–o 2'2' | [last part of the night,] the moon was 2 1/2 cubits in front of η Tauri [... Night of the 20th,] |
| Obverse [2:3] o 3'3'–o 3'3' | [last par]t of the night, the moon was [nn mm] in front of η Gemin[orum ...] |
| Obverse [3:4] o 4'4'–o 4'4' | [cl]ouds were in the sky; beginning of the night, rain shower [...] |
| Obverse [4:5] o 5'5'–o 5'5' | stood [to] the west. The 22nd, clouds were in the sky. Night of the 2[3rd, ...] |
| Obverse [5:6] o 6'6'–o 6'6' | [be]ginning of the night, overcast; lightning flashed continuously in the west, ... [... Night of the 24th, last part of the night, the moon was] |
| Obverse [6:7] o 7'7'–o 7'7' | 1 1/2 cubits [in] front of α Leonis. Night of the 25th, last part of the night, the moon was [nn mm] behind ρ [Leonis. Night of the 26th, last part of the night, the moon was] |
| Obverse [7:8] o 8'8'–o 8'8' | 4 fingers [...] β Virginis. The 27th, moonrise to sunrise: 17°. [That] month, [the equivalent] for 1 shekel [of silver was ...] |
| Obverse [8:9] o 9'9'–o 9'9' | 4 minas. [...] |
| Obverse [9:11] o 10'10'–o 11'11' | I heard that the king [...] |
| Obverse [10:12] o 11'11'–o 12'12' | Month VII, (the 1st of which was identical with) the 30th (of the preceding month, sunset to moonset:) 9° 30'; a little mist, the moon [... Night of the 3rd, the moon was] 12' 2 1/2 cubits [in front of] ϑ Ophiuchi [...] |
| Obverse [12:13] o 13'13'–o 13'13' | [...] rain DUL, gusty north wind. Night of the 6th, beginning of the ni[ghtl, ... Night of the 8th, beginning of the night,] |
| Obverse [13:14] o 14'14'–o 14'14' | [the moon was] 1 cubit [...] γ Capricorni ... [...] |
| Obverse [14:15] o 15'15'–o 15'15' | [... Ni]ght of the 12th, clouds were in the sky; last part of the night, rain sh[ower ... Night of the 13th, ...] |
| Obverse [15:16] o 16'16'–o 16'16' | [rain sh]ower; last part of the night, the moon was [nn mm] in front of [η] Piscium [...] |
| Obverse [16:17] o 17'17'–o 17'17' | [...] The 15th, moonset to sunrise: 4°?; I did not watch. Ni[ght ... Night of the 16th,] |
| Obverse [17:19] o 18'18'– | last part of the night, the moon was [nn mm] behind η Tauri [...] |
| Bottom [0:2] b.e. 1b.e. 1– | Diary [...] |
| Reverse [0:1] r 1r 1–r 1r 1 | Night of the 19th, last part of the night, the moon was [nn mm] behind γ Gemi[norum ... Night of the 21st, last part of the night, the moon was] |
| Reverse [1:2] r 22–r 22 | [nn mm] above δ Cancri [...] |
| Reverse [2:3] r 33–r 33 | Night of the 22nd, beginning [of the night, ...] |
| Reverse [3:4] r 44–r 44 | 1 cubit, the moon having passed 1 cubit to the east. Night of the 24th, last part of the night, the moon [... Mercury’s] |
| Reverse [4:5] r 55–r 55 | last appearance in the west ..., omitted. Night of the 26th, last part of the night, the moon was [nn mm] in front of [α Virginis ... Jupiter was above] |
| Reverse [5:6] r 66–r 66 | ϑ Cancri, it was a little back to the west ... [... the moon was ...] |
| Reverse [6:7] r 77–r 77 | Cancri 20 fingers, it [stood] in front of Jupiter to the west [...] |
| Reverse [7:8] r 88–r 88 | cress, 4 sūtu; sesame, 2+[x] sūtu; [...] |
| Reverse [8:10] r 99–r 1010 | around the 9th, Venus’ [first appearance] in the west in Li[bra ...] |
| Reverse [9:10] r 1010–r 1010 | Month VIII, the 1st (of which followed the 30th of the preceding month), sunset to moonset: 12°; [...] |
| Reverse [10:11] r 1111–r 1111 | having passed to the east. Night of the 5th, [...] |
| Reverse [11:12] r 1212–r 1212 | Night of the 8th, last part of the night, clouds [...] |
| Reverse [12:13] r 1313–r 1313 | [η] Piscium [...] |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| o | ||
| 1' | [...] ⸢x⸣ [... GE₆ 17 | |
| 2' | [ina ZALAG₂] sin ina ⸢IGI⸣ [MUL₂].MUL₂ 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ [... GE₆ 20 | |
| 3' | [ina] ⸢ZALAG₂⸣ sin ina IGI MUL₂-IGI-ša₂-še-pit₂-⸢MAŠ⸣.[MAŠ N N ...] | |
| 4' | ⸢DIR⸣ AN ZA SAG GE₆ AN UTAH [...] | |
| 5' | [ana] ŠU₂ GUB 22 ⸢DIR⸣ AN ZA GE₆ 23 [...] | |
| 6' | ⸢SAG⸣ GE₆ ŠU₂ GIR₂ ina MAR GIR₂.GIR₂ ⸢x⸣ [... GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin] | |
| 7' | [ina] IGI LUGAL 1 1/2 KUŠ₃ GE₆ 25 ina ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ ⸢MUL₂⸣-[TUR-ša₂-4-KUŠ₃-ar₂-LUGAL N N GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂ sin x] | |
| 8' | ⸢GIR₃⸣-ar₂-ša₂-A 4 SI 27 17 KUR ITU [BI KI.LAM ...] | |
| 9' | 4 MA.NA a-na 1 GIN₂ [KU₃.BABBAR ...] | |
| 10' | al-te-me um-ma LUGAL [...] | |
| 11' | {[itu]}DU₆ 30 9.30 a-kam₂ i sin [... GE₆ 3 sin ina IGI] | |
| 12' | [MUL₂]-⸢KUR⸣-ša₂-KIR₄-šil-PA 2 1/2 KUŠ₃ [...] | |
| 13' | [x] AN DUL SI ŠAR₂ GE₆ 6 SAG ⸢GE₆⸣ [... GE₆ 8 SAG GE₆] | |
| 14' | [sin x MUL₂]-IGI-ša₂-SUHUR-MAŠ₂ 1 KUŠ₃ ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 15' | [x x x x] ⸢GE₆⸣ 12 DIR AN ZA ina ZALAG₂ AN ⸢UTAH⸣ [... GE₆ 13 ...] | |
| 16' | [AN] ⸢UTAH⸣ ina ZALAG₂ sin ina ⸢IGI⸣ [MUL₂-KUR]-⸢ša₂-DUR-nu⸣-[nu N N ...] | |
| 17' | [x] 15 4 ŠU₂ NU PAP ⸢GE₆⸣ [... GE₆ 16 | |
| 18' | [ina] ZALAG₂ sin ar₂ MUL₂-KUR-ša₂-⸢MUL₂⸣.[MUL₂ N N ...] | |
| b.e. | ||
| 1 | EN.NUN ša₂ [...] | |
| r | ||
| 1 | GE₆ 19 [ina] ⸢ZALAG₂⸣ sin ⸢ar₂⸣ MAŠ.MAŠ-[ša₂-SIPA N N ... GE₆ 21 ina ZALAG₂ sin] | |
| 2 | e MUL₂-ar₂-ša₂-ALLA-[ša₂-ULU₃ N N ...] | |
| 3 | GE₆ 22 SAG [GE₆ ...] | |
| 4 | 1 KUŠ₃ sin 1 [KUŠ₃] ana [NIM] DIB GE₆ 24 ina ZALAG₂ sin [... GU₄.UD] | |
| 5 | [ina ŠU₂] ⸢UD⸣.DA-šu₂ ŠU₂ DIB GE₆ 26 ina ZALAG₂ sin ina ⸢IGI⸣ [SA₄-ša₂-ABSIN N N ... MUL₂.BABBAR e] | |
| 6 | ⸢MUL₂⸣-IGI-ša₂-ALLA-ša₂-ULU₃ i ana ŠU₂ LAL ⸢x⸣ [...] | |
| 7 | ša₂-ALLA 20 SI ina IGI MUL₂.BABBAR ana ŠU₂ [GUB ...] | |
| 8 | sah-le₁₀ 4(BAN₂) ŠE.GIŠ.I₃ 2+N(BAN₂) [...] | |
| 9 | in 9 dele-bat ina ŠU₂ ina ⸢RIN₂⸣ [IGI ...] | |
| 10 | {itu}APIN 1 12 na [...] | |
| 11 | ana NIM DIB GE₆ 5 [...] | |
| 12 | GE₆ 8 ina ZALAG₂ ⸢DIR⸣ [...] | |
| 13 | ⸢ša₂-DUR-nu-nu⸣ [...] | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.