Ashurbanipal 215 (Q007623)
Royal Inscription, Neo-Assyrian, Kuyunjik (Nineveh) · c. 911 BCE–612 BCE
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| Designation | Ashurbanipal 215 |
|---|---|
| ID | Q007623 |
| Collection | British Museum, London, UK |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Neo-Assyrian · c. 911 BCE–612 BCE |
| Genre | Royal Inscription |
| Find spot | Kuyunjik (Nineveh) |
| Coordinates | 36.3587, 43.1519 |
English translation
By ORACC project rinap/rinap5 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)
| Line | English |
|---|---|
| Obverse Column i [0:1] i 1'1'–i 1'1' | [I enl]a[rged it]. |
| Obverse Column i [1:10] i 2'2'–i 10'10' | [I had a canopy, which] rivals the heave[ns], made [from m]usukkannu-[wood], a d[urable] wood. (i 5´) I [then] c[lad] its [peri]meter [with thirty-four ta]lents (and) twenty minas of [reddish] gold (and thereby) [rei]nforced [its] bonds. I stretched out its [cov]ering [ove]r the god Marduk, the great lord, [and (thus)] secured [its] roof. |
| Obverse Column i [10:17] i 11'11'–i 17'17' | [(As for) the] exalted [chariot], the vehicle of the god Mard[uk, the pre-emin]ent one among the gods, the lord of lor[d]s, I c[omple]ted [its] feature(s) [with gol]d, silver, (and) precio[us] stones. (i 15´) [I gave (it)] as a g[if]t t[o the god Mard]uk, the king of the totality of heaven and [netherworld], the one who ove[rwhelms my] enemies. |
| Obverse Column i [17:25] i 18'18'–i 25'25' | I skillfully mad[e] a bed of m[usukkannu]-wood, [a durable wood], that [is clad] with pašal[lu-gold (and) studded with] precio[us] stones, as a [pleasure] bed for the god Bēl (Marduk) (and) [the goddess Bēltīya (Zarpanītu)] to carry out the weddin[g] (and) to make lo[ve]. I placed (it) in Ka[ḫili]su, the bed chamber of the goddess Zarpanītu, which is laden with [sex]ual charm. |
| Obverse Column i [25:29] i 26'26'–i 29'29' | I stationed [four] fierce [wild bulls of s]ilver, [protector]s of my royal path, [in the “Gate of the Risi]ng Sun” and the “Gate of Lamma-RA.BI,” [in gateway(s) of Ez]ida, which is inside Borsippa. |
| Obverse Column i [29:32] i 30'30'–i 32'32' | I decorated [Emašm]aš (and) Egašankalama with [silver (and) gol]d, (and) fill[ed (them) with] s[plendor]. |
| Obverse Column i [32:37] i 33'33'–i 37'37' | The goddess [Šarrat-Kidmuri, who in her ang]er [had aban]do[ned her] inner sanctum (and) (i 35´) had taken up residence in [a place not befitting her], relen[ted] during the favora[ble] reign (lit. “my favora[ble] reign”) [that (the god) Aššur had granted me]. |
| Obverse Column ii [0:3] ii 1'1'–ii 3'3' | (No translation possible) |
| Obverse Column ii [3:15] ii 4'4'–ii 15'15' | [I built (and)] completed [the sanctuari]es of [Assyria (and) the land] Akkad [in their entirety]. I made [eve]ry [type of temple appurtenance] there is [from silver (and) gold], (and) I added (them) [to those of the kings], my ancestors. (ii 10´) [I made the great gods] who support me [reside in the]ir exalted [inner sanctums]. I offered sumptuous [offerings before the]m (and) [presente]d (them) with my gifts. |
| Obverse Column iii [0:1] iii 1'1'–iii 1'1' | [great rulers from (both) east and west are anxious for me] to be [their] all[y]. |
| Obverse Column iii [1:9] iii 2'2'–iii 9'9' | With the support of the [great] god[s, my lords, I entered] the land E[lam], brought a[bout] their (the Elamites’) defeat c[ountless (times)], (and) (iii 5´) marche[d] about [triu]m[phantly]. Ummanalda[šu (Ḫumban-haltaš III), the king of] the land Elam, became frightened by the assault of my mighty battle array, fled naked, an[d] took to the mountain(s). |
| Obverse Column iii [9:18] iii 10'10'–iii 18'18' | I conquered fourteen fortifie[d] cities, his royal residence(s), and small(er) settlements, which were without number, together with twenty villages, in the district of the city Ḫunnir, (which is) on the border of the city Ḫidalu. I destroyed (and) demolish[ed] the city Bašimu and the villages in its environs. |
| Obverse Column iv [0:11] iv 1iv 1–iv 1111 | As for the people living inside the[m], I annihilat[ed] them. I smashed thei[r] gods (and thus) placated the mood of the lord of lord[s]. (iv 5) I carried off to Assyria its gods, it[s] goddesses, its possessions, (and) its property, (as well as) people, young and o[ld]. I devast[ated] an are[a] of sixty leagues inside the land Elam (and) scattered salt (and) cres[s] over the[m]. |
| Obverse Column iv [11:25] iv 1212–iv 2525 | (As for) the goddess Nanāya, who 1,635 yea[rs] (ago) became angry and wen[t] to live in the land Ela[m], (iv 15) a place not befitting [her], then, at that time (when) sh[e] — and the gods, [her] fathers — nominated me for ruling over the land[s], (iv 20) she entrusted [me] with the return of [her] lordly majes[ty], [say]ing: “Ashur[banipal] wil[l bring me out] o[f the land Elam and] make [me] enter Ea[nna (again)].” |
| Obverse Column iv [25:35] iv 2626–iv 3535 | The word(s) of the[ir] divine command that th[ey] had sp[oken] in distant days, th[ey] now disclo[sed] to the people of [a later generation. (iv 30) I grasped] the hands of her great divinity. She to[ok] the [direct] path, which please[s the heart, to Eanna. I made her enter] into [Uruk and made her dwell on (her) eternal dais] in E[ḫiliana, which she loves]. |
| Obverse Column v [0:6] v 1v 1–v 55 | [I put] a lead-rope [through] his (Uaiteʾ’s) [gu]ms, placed him [in a dog collar], and (then) [made] him [guar]d the door [of the eastern gate of the cit]adel of Nineveh, whi[ch is (named) the “En]trance to the Place Where the World Is Controlled.” |
| Obverse Column v [6:14] v 66–v 1313 | [(As for) ... of] the land of the Arabs, [...] ..., [who had t]urned hostile [tow]ards m[e, had cast] off the y[ok]e of my lordship, (and) (v 10) [w]hom I had defea[t]ed in the thick of [ba]ttle, [I f]layed the[m] in Nineveh, my [capi]tal [city]. |
| Obverse Column v [14:21] v 1414–v 2020 | At that time, [(as for) the akīt]u-[house] of the god Sîn that is inside the city Ḫarrān (and) that had become old, [I] laid its foundation(s). I built (and) [comp]leted (it) from its foundation(s) to its crenel[lation]s. I clad (it) with [shiny] zaḫalû-silver. |
| Obverse Column v [21:34] v 2121–v 3333 | May the deities [S]în, Ninga[l, and Nusku] l[ook with pleasure upon] my [good deed]s. Ma[y] they [length]en [m]y [days (v 25) (so that) I may be fully satisfied with (my)] g[ood f]ortune. May they make [the foundation(s) of m]y [royal throne] endure (and) [make] my reign [last for a long time]. May they kill [my enemies (and) cut down] my [f]oes. (v 30) [With their] great [support], may I rule [wherever I desire (lit. “I say”) (and) achieve whatever (lit. “the place”) I stri]ve for. |
| Obverse Column v [34:36] v 3434–v 3535 | [In the futu]re, [may (one of) the sons, grands]ons, |
| Obverse Column vi [0:9] vi 1vi 1–vi 99 | (As for) the one who dest[roys] an inscribed object bearing [m]y name, makes (it) disappea[r] by some crafty device, (or) (vi 5) does not plac[e] (it) with an inscribed object bearing his name, may the great gods of heaven and netherworld overthro[w] his kingship (and) make his name (and) seed disappea[r] from the land. |
| Obverse Column vi [9:11] vi 1010–vi 1111 | [An inscribed obj]ect fo[r the akītu-house of the god S]în [that is inside the city Ḫarr]ān. |
| Left [0:2] l.e. 1l.e. 1–l.e. 22 | The goddess Šarrat-kidmuri, [who from] distant [day]s was an[gry (...)] ... her great divinity. |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| i | ||
| 1' | [u₂]-⸢rab⸣-[ba-a EDIN-uš-šu₂] | |
| 2' | [u₂]-še-piš-[ma {giš}er-me a-nu] | |
| 3' | {[giš]}⸢MES⸣.MA₂.KAN.⸢NA iṣ-ṣi da⸣-[re-e] | |
| 4' | [ša₂] šit-nu-nu ša₂-ma-[me-eš] | |
| 5' | 34 ⸢GUN⸣ 20 MA.NA KU₃.⸢GI⸣ [ḪUŠ.A] | |
| 6' | [kip]-pat-su u₂-⸢šal⸣-[biš] | |
| 7' | [u₂]-⸢dan⸣-ni-na rik-se-⸢e⸣-[šu₂] | |
| 8' | [e]-⸢li⸣ {d}AMAR.UTU EN GAL-[e] | |
| 9' | [ṣu]-lul-šu₂ at-ru-uṣ-[ma] | |
| 10' | [u₂]-kin ta-ra-an-[šu₂] | |
| 11' | {[giš}GIGIR] ṣir-tu ru-kub {d}AMAR.⸢UTU⸣ | |
| 12' | [e]-⸢tel⸣-li DINGIR.MEŠ EN EN.⸢EN⸣ | |
| 13' | [ina KU₃].⸢GI⸣ KU₃.BABBAR NA₄.MEŠ ni-siq-[ti] | |
| 14' | ⸢ag-mu⸣-ra nab-nit-[sa] | |
| 15' | a-⸢na⸣ {[d}AMAR].⸢UTU LUGAL⸣ kiš-šat AN-⸢e u⸣ [KI-tim] | |
| 16' | sa-⸢pi⸣-[in] {⸢lu₂⸣}KUR₂.⸢MEŠ⸣-[ia] | |
| 17' | a-na ⸢še⸣-[rik]-⸢ti⸣ [aš₂-ruk] | |
| 18' | {giš}NA₂ {giš}⸢MES⸣.[MA₂.KAN.NA iṣ-ṣi da-re-e] | |
| 19' | ša ⸢pa-šal⸣-[lu lit-bu-šat] | |
| 20' | NA₄.MEŠ ⸢ni-siq⸣-[ti za-aʾ-na-at] | |
| 21' | a-na ma-a-⸢a-al⸣ [tak-ne₂-e] {⸢d}EN⸣ {[d}GAŠAN-MU] | |
| 22' | ša₂-kan ḫa-ša₂-⸢di e⸣-peš ru-⸢ʾa⸣-[a-me] | |
| 23' | nak-⸢liš⸣ e-pu-[uš] | |
| 24' | ina ⸢ka₂⸣-[ḫi-li]-su₃ maš-tak {d}zar-pa-ni-⸢tum⸣ | |
| 25' | ⸢ša⸣ [ku]-⸢uz⸣-bu sa-⸢al⸣-ḫu ad-di | |
| 26' | 4 AM.MEŠ] ⸢KU₃⸣.BABBAR ek-du-u₂-ti | |
| 27' | [na-ṣi]-⸢ru⸣ ki-bi-is LUGAL-ti-⸢ia⸣ | |
| 28' | [ina KA₂ ṣi]-⸢it⸣ {d}UTU-ši u KA₂ {d}LAMMA-RA.BI | |
| 29' | [ina KA₂ e₂]-⸢zi⸣-da ša₂ qe₂-reb bar₂-sipa{ki} ul-⸢ziz⸣ | |
| 30' | [e₂-maš]-⸢maš⸣ e₂-gašan-kalam-⸢ma⸣ | |
| 31' | [KU₃.BABBAR KU₃].⸢GI⸣ u₂-za-⸢ʾi-in⸣ | |
| 32' | ⸢lu⸣-[le-e] ⸢u₂-mal-li⸣ | |
| 33' | {⸢d⸣}[šar-rat-kid-mu-ri ša₂ ina] ⸢ug-gat⸣ [lib₃-bi-ša₂] | |
| 34' | at-man-[ša₂ e]-⸢zi⸣-[bu] | |
| 35' | u₂-ši-bu [a-šar la si-ma-a-ti-ša₂] | |
| 36' | ina BALA-ia ⸢dam⸣-[qi₂ ša₂ AN.ŠAR₂ iš-ru-ka] | |
| 37' | ⸢tar⸣-ša₂-a [sa-li-mu] | |
| ii | ||
| 1' | [...] (x) x | |
| 2' | [...] x | |
| 3' | [...] | |
| 4' | [... eš-re-e]-⸢ti⸣ | |
| 5' | [KUR AN.ŠAR₂{ki} (u) KUR] URI{ki} | |
| 6' | [a-na si-ḫir-ti-ši-na ar-ṣip u₂]-⸢šak-lil⸣ | |
| 7' | [mim-ma si-mat E₂.KUR ma]-⸢la⸣ ba-šu-u | |
| 8' | [ša KU₃.BABBAR KU₃.GI] ⸢e⸣-pu-uš | |
| 9' | [e-li ša LUGAL.MEŠ] ⸢AD⸣.MEŠ-ia u₂-rad-di | |
| 10' | [DINGIR.MEŠ GAL].⸢MEŠ⸣ tik-le-ia | |
| 11' | [ina at-ma-ni-šu₂]-nu ṣi-ru-ti | |
| 12' | [u₂-še-šib]-⸢šu₂⸣-nu-u₂-ti | |
| 13' | {[udu}SISKUR.MEŠ] ⸢taš⸣-ri-iḫ-ti | |
| 14' | [ma-ḫar-šu₂]-⸢un⸣ aq-qi₂ | |
| 15' | [u₂-šam-ḫi]-⸢ra⸣ kad₃-ra-a-a | |
| iii | ||
| 1' | ⸢a-na kit-ri⸣-[šu₂-nu u₂-pa-qu-u-ni] | |
| 2' | ina tukul-ti DINGIR.[MEŠ GAL.MEŠ EN.MEŠ-ia] | |
| 3' | qe₂-reb {kur}⸢e⸣-[lam-ti e-ru-ub] | |
| 4' | BAD₅.BAD₅-šu₂-nu ⸢ina⸣ [la mi₃-ni] ⸢aš₂-kun⸣ | |
| 5' | ⸢at⸣-tal-⸢lak šal⸣-[ṭiš] | |
| 6' | {m}um-man-⸢al-da⸣-[si MAN] {⸢kur⸣}ELAM.MA{⸢ki⸣} | |
| 7' | ti-ib ME₃-ia ⸢dan⸣-nu e-dur-⸢ma⸣ | |
| 8' | mi-ra-nu-uš-šu₂ in-na-bit-⸢ma⸣ | |
| 9' | iṣ-ba-ta ša₂-da-⸢a⸣ | |
| 10' | 14 URU.MEŠ dan-nu-u-⸢ti⸣ | |
| 11' | mu-šab LUGAL-u-ti-⸢šu₂⸣ | |
| 12' | u₃ URU.⸢MEŠ⸣ TUR.MEŠ | |
| 13' | ša ni-i-ba ⸢la⸣ i-šu-u₂ | |
| 14' | a-di 20.AM₃ URU.MEŠ | |
| 15' | ina na-ge-e ša {uru}ḫu-un-nir | |
| 16' | ina UGU mi-iṣ-ri ša {uru}ḫi-da-lu ak-šu₂-ud | |
| 17' | {uru}ba-ši-mu u₃ URU.MEŠ ša₂ li-me-ti-šu₂ | |
| 18' | ap-pul ⸢aq-qur⸣ | |
| iv | ||
| 1 | ša UN.MEŠ a-šib lib₃-⸢bi⸣-šu₂-[un] | |
| 2 | ⸢ka⸣-mar-šu₂-nu aš₂-⸢kun⸣ | |
| 3 | ⸢u₂-šab-bir⸣ DINGIR.MEŠ-šu₂-⸢un⸣ | |
| 4 | ⸢u₂-šap⸣-ši-iḫ ⸢ka-bat⸣-ti ⸢EN EN.EN⸣ | |
| 5 | ⸢DINGIR.MEŠ⸣-šu₂ {d}15.MEŠ-⸢šu₂⸣ | |
| 6 | ⸢NIG₂.ŠU-šu₂ NIG₂.GA⸣-šu₂ ⸢UN.MEŠ TUR⸣ u ⸢GAL⸣ | |
| 7 | aš₂-⸢lu⸣-la a-na KUR AN.⸢ŠAR₂{ki⸣} | |
| 8 | 60 KASKAL.GID₂ qaq-qa-⸢ru⸣ | |
| 9 | qe₂-reb {kur}e-lam-ti ⸢u₂⸣-šaḫ-[rib] | |
| 10 | MUN {u₂}⸢ZAG⸣.ḪI.⸢LI⸣ | |
| 11 | u₂-sap-pi-ḫa EDIN-uš-šu₂-⸢un⸣ | |
| 12 | {⸢d⸣}na-na-a ša 1 LIM 6 ME 30.AM₃ 5 MU.AN⸣.[NA.MEŠ] | |
| 13 | ta-as-bu-su-ma tal-⸢li⸣-[ku] | |
| 14 | tu-ši-bu qe₂-reb {kur}e-lam-[ti] | |
| 15 | a-šar la si-ma-⸢ti⸣-[ša₂] | |
| 16 | u₃ ina u₄-me-šu₂-ma ši-[i] | |
| 17 | u₃ DINGIR.MEŠ ⸢AD⸣.MEŠ-[ša₂] | |
| 18 | tab-bu-u šu-mi₃ a-⸢na⸣ be-lut ⸢KUR.KUR⸣ | |
| 19 | ta-a-a-rat EN-⸢ti⸣-[ša₂] | |
| 20 | ⸢tu⸣-šad-gi-la pa-nu-u-[a] | |
| 21 | [um]-ma {m}⸢AN.ŠAR₂⸣-[DU₃-A] | |
| 22 | ⸢ul-tu⸣ [qe₂-reb {kur}e-lam-ti] | |
| 23 | u₂-⸢še⸣-[ṣa-an-ni-ma] | |
| 24 | u₂-še-er-⸢rab⸣-[an-ni] | |
| 25 | qe₂-reb e₂-⸢an⸣-[na] | |
| 26 | a-mat qi₂-bit DINGIR-ti-⸢šu₂⸣-[un] | |
| 27 | ⸢ša ul-tu⸣ UD.MEŠ SU₃.MEŠ ⸢iq⸣-[bu-u] | |
| 28 | e-⸢nen⸣-na u₂-⸢kal-li⸣-[mu] | |
| 29 | UN.⸢MEŠ⸣ [EGIR.MEŠ] | |
| 30 | ŠU.II ⸢DINGIR-ti⸣-ša₂ GAL-⸢ti⸣ [at-mu-uḫ] | |
| 31 | ḫar-⸢ra⸣-nu [i-šir-tu₂] | |
| 32 | ša ⸢ul-lu-uṣ⸣ [lib₃-bi] | |
| 33 | ta-⸢aṣ-ba⸣-[ta a-na e₂-an-na] | |
| 34 | ina ⸢qe₂-reb⸣ [UNUG{ki} u₂-še-rib-ši-ma] | |
| 35 | ⸢ina e₂⸣-[ḫi-li-an-na ša ta-ram-mu] | |
| v | ||
| 1 | [ina la]-⸢aḫ⸣-ši-šu₂ | |
| 2 | [at-ta-di] ṣer-re-tu | |
| 3 | [ul-li UR.GI₇] ad-di-šu₂-ma | |
| 3A | [ina KA₂.GAL ṣi-it {d}UTU-ši ša₂] ⸢MURUB₄⸣ URU NINA{ki} ⸢ša ne₂⸣-reb mas-⸢naq-ti⸣ [(ad-na-a-ti ...)] | |
| 4 | [ša ne₂-reb mas]-⸢naq⸣-ti ⸢ad⸣-na-a-ti | |
| 5 | [u₂-ša₂-an]-⸢ṣir⸣-šu₂ SI.GAR-⸢ru⸣ | |
| 6 | [...] {kur}a-ri-bi | |
| 7 | [...] x [...]-tu-ti | |
| 8 | [ša it]-ti-⸢ia ik⸣-ki-ru | |
| 9 | [iṣ]-⸢lu⸣-u₂ {giš}⸢ŠUDUN⸣ EN-ti-ia | |
| 10 | ⸢ša⸣ ina MURUB₄ ⸢tam⸣-ḫa-ri | |
| 11 | ik-šu-⸢da ŠU⸣.II-a-a | |
| 12 | ina NINA{ki} [URU] ⸢EN⸣-ti-ia | |
| 13 | KUŠ.MEŠ-šu₂-⸢nu⸣ [aš₂]-ḫu-uṭ | |
| 14 | ina u₄-me-⸢šu₂-ma⸣ [E₂ a-ki]-⸢it⸣ {d}30 | |
| 15 | ⸢ša⸣ qe₂-⸢reb⸣ {uru}KASKAL | |
| 16 | ⸢ša⸣ il-li-ku ⸢la⸣-ba-riš | |
| 17 | tem-me-en-ša₂ ⸢ad⸣-di | |
| 18 | ul-tu UŠ₈-ša₂ a-di gaba-[dib]-⸢bi⸣-ša₂ | |
| 19 | ar-ṣip u₂-[šak]-⸢lil⸣ | |
| 20 | ⸢u₂⸣-šal-bi-ša₂ za-ḫa-⸢lu-u⸣ [eb-bu] | |
| 21 | {[d]}30 {d}nin-⸢gal⸣ [u {d}nusku] | |
| 22 | [ep-še]-⸢ti⸣-ia [SIG₅.MEŠ] | |
| 23 | [ḫa-diš] lit-⸢tap⸣-[la-su] | |
| 24 | [UD.MEŠ]-⸢ia li⸣-[ša₂-ri]-⸢ku⸣ | |
| 25 | [lu-uš-bi] ⸢bu-ʾa-a⸣-ru | |
| 26 | [SUḪUŠ {giš}GU.ZA LUGAL-ti]-⸢ia⸣ lu-kin-nu | |
| 27 | [lu-šal-bi-ru] BALA.MEŠ-⸢ia⸣ | |
| 28 | {[lu₂}KUR₂.MEŠ-ia] li-ne₂-⸢ru⸣ | |
| 29 | [li-šam-qi₂-tu] ⸢ga⸣-re-ia | |
| 30 | [ina tukul-ti-šu₂-nu] GAL-ti | |
| 31 | [e-ma a-qab-bu-u] la-bel | |
| 32 | [a-šar u₂-ṣar]-⸢ra⸣-mu | |
| 33 | [lik-šu-da] ⸢ŠU.II⸣-a-a | |
| 34 | [a-na EGIR] ⸢UD⸣.MEŠ | |
| 35 | [DUMU.MEŠ DUMU] ⸢DUMU.MEŠ⸣ | |
| vi | ||
| 1 | ša MU.SAR-u ši-ṭir ⸢MU-ia ib-ba⸣-[tu₂] | |
| 2 | ina mim-ma ši-pir ni-kil-⸢ti⸣ | |
| 3 | u₂-ḫal-la-⸢qu⸣ | |
| 4 | it-ti MU.SAR-⸢e⸣ | |
| 5 | ši-ṭir MU-šu₂ la i-šak-ka-⸢nu⸣ | |
| 6 | DINGIR.MEŠ GAL.MEŠ ša₂ AN-e u KI-⸢tim⸣ | |
| 7 | LUGAL-us-su lis-ki-⸢pu⸣ | |
| 8 | MU-šu₂ NUMUN-⸢šu₂⸣ | |
| 9 | ina KUR lu-ḫal-li-⸢qu⸣ | |
| 10 | [MU].⸢SAR⸣-u₂ ⸢ša⸣ [E₂ a-ki-it {d]}30 | |
| 11 | [ša qe₂-reb {uru]}⸢KASKAL⸣ | |
| l.e. | ||
| 1 | {d}šar-rat-kid-mu-ri [ša₂ ul-tu₂ UD].⸢MEŠ⸣ ul-lu-ti kam-⸢la⸣-[at (...)] | |
| 2 | x GIŠ AM LA UD x U x (x) DINGIR-⸢ti⸣-ša₂ GAL-ti | |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.