Unread Atlas

Home › Tablets › Q005413

Nabonidus 16 (Q005413)

Royal Inscription, Neo-Babylonian, Larsa · c. 626 BCE–539 BCE

Open in the reader & map →See it among all tablets

DesignationNabonidus 16
IDQ005413
CollectionBritish Museum, London, UK; Yale Babylonian Collection, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Vorderasiatisches Museum, Berlin, Germany; Iraq Museum, Baghdad, Iraq
LanguageAkkadian
PeriodNeo-Babylonian · c. 626 BCE–539 BCE
GenreRoyal Inscription
Find spotLarsa
Coordinates31.2832, 45.8549

English translation

By ORACC project ribo/babylon7 · Via Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC)

LineEnglish
Obverse Column i [0:12] i 1i 1–i 1212Nabonidus, king of Babylon, shepherd chosen by the god Marduk, the one who provides for Esagil and Ezida, the one who makes sattukku-offering(s) abundant, the one who renovates the cult centers of the great gods, (the one who has) generously providing hands, the one who provides abundantly for all temples, the one who provides for the sanctuaries, the one who makes gifts splendid, the indefatigable envoy who (succeeds) in reaching high mountains, the shepherd who deliberates (and) sets the people of (his) land on the right path,
Obverse Column i [12:30] i 1313–i 3030the one whose name the god Marduk — the Enlil of the gods — steadfastly called for kingship to provision the cult centers and renew (their) sanctuaries, (the one) whose lordship the god Nabû — the overseer of the totality of heaven and earth — made the greatest among all (of the kings) who sit upon (royal) daises, (the one) at whose side the god Nergal — the almighty, the circumspect Enlil of the netherworld — marches into battle and war, (on) whose head the god Sîn and the goddess Ningal placed an eternal crown, (and) for whom the god Šamaš and the goddess Aya opened the ways of justice, whom the great gods magnificently choose in their steadfast [heart(s)], whose name they made import[ant], (and) whose [lord]ship they made great, son of Nab[û-balāss]u-iqbi, wise prince, am I.
Obverse Column i [30:39] i 3131–i 3939When the god Šamaš, the great lord of heaven and earth, shepherd of the black-headed (people), lord of humankind, (with regard to) Larsa, his beloved city, (and) Ebabbar, the seat of his happiness, which had fallen to pieces (and) turned into ruins in distant days, (and) over which sand dune(s) and dust heap(s), (as well as) massive pile(s) of earth, were heaped, so that its ground plan could not be determined (and) its design could not be seen,
Obverse Column i [39:46] i 4040–i 4646during the reign of Nebuchadnezzar (II), a former king, son of Nabopolassar, the sand dune(s and) pile(s) of earth that were heaped over the city and that temple were removed and he discovered the foundation(s) of the Ebabbar of Burna-Buriaš, a former king who had come before (him). He then sought out the foundation(s) of an ancient king (who came) before Burna-Buriaš, but did not find (them).
Obverse Column i [46:49] i 4747–i 4949On top of the foundation(s) of Burna-Buriaš that he had seen inside it, he (re)built Ebabbar and had the god Šamaš, the great lord, dwell therein.
Obverse Column i [49:53] i 5050–i 5353(As for) that temple, its processional way was (too) tiny for the residence of the god Šamaš, the great lord, and the goddess Aya, his beloved bride, and its construction was (too) small.
Obverse Column i [53:58] i 5454–[N]ow, during (my) tenth year, in the days of my favorable reign, during my eternal kingship, which the god Šamaš loves, the god Šamaš, the great lord, remembered his original residence.
Obverse Column ii [2:9] ii 33–ii 99With regard to the ziggurat, his (Šamaš’) sacred building, his heart joyfully prompted (him) to raise up its superstructure higher than the one in the past and (then) he waited for me, Nabonidus, the king who provides for him, to return Ebabbar to its (original) place (and) to (re)build the seat of his happiness like (it was) in distant days.
Obverse Column ii [9:19] ii 1010–ii 1919By the command of the god Marduk, the great lord, their four winds, the [great] stor[ms], rose up, (and) the sand dune(s) that were covering the city and that temple were removed and the foundation(s) of Ebabbar, the awe-inspiring shrine, the urāšu-building of [si]nging, the residence of the god Šamaš and the goddess [A]ya, and the ziggurat, his (Šamaš’) exalted sacred building, the eternal cella, the chamb[er of their] desire, their foundation(s) became visible and their ground plans could be seen.
Obverse Column ii [19:27] ii 2020–ii 2727Inside of it (Ebabbar), I discovered an inscription bearing the name of Ḫammu-rāpi, an ancient king who had built Ebabbar and (its) ziggurat for the god Šamaš on top of the original foundation(s) 700 years before Burna-Buriaš. I became frightened, worried, and anxious.
Obverse Column ii [27:31] ii 2828–ii 3131I spoke to m[y heart] as follows, saying: “A king who came before me built (this) temple and had Šamaš, the great lord, dwell therein.”
Obverse Column ii [31:40] ii 3232–ii 4040(But as for) me, I raised (my) hands (and) bes[eeched the lord of lords to build] that temple, [the residence of the god Šamaš and the goddess Aya], in the most befi[tting] place, [saying]: “O Enlil of the gods, prince Marduk, without you no site can be laid out (and) its ground plan(s) cannot be created. Who can do anything without you? O lord, at your exalted command, I will have what(ever) pleases you done.”
Obverse Column ii [40:44] ii 4141–ii 4444I frequently visit[ed] the shrines of the gods Šamaš, Adad, and Nergal with regard to (re)building that temple and they (the gods) wrote out in[side] it (a lamb) an auspicious omen concerning the lengthening of my days and the building of (that) temple.
Obverse Column ii [44:47] ii 4545–ii 4747For a second time, I performed an exti[spicy] (lit. “I touched the la[mb]”). They (the gods) made sure that a firm ‘yes’ regarding the success of m[y work] was present in my extispicy.
Obverse Column ii [47:51] ii 4848–ii 5151I trusted in the word of the god Marduk, my supreme lord, and in the word(s) of the gods Šamaš and Adad, the lords of divination, and my heart rejoiced, (my) liver cheered up, I myself was happy, (and) my face beamed.
Obverse Column ii [51:57] ii 5252–ii 5757I mustered the workmen of the gods Šamaš and Marduk — those who wield hoes, hold spade(s), (and) carry basket(s) — and I [laid] a great commission (on them) to (re)build Ebabbar, the [awe-inspiring] shrine, [and the ziggu]rat, the exalted dais. I then made expert craftsmen [con]front its (Ebabbar’s) site. They examined (its) foundation (and) surveyed (its) (original) appearance.
Obverse Column ii [57:67] ii 5858–In a favorable month, on an auspicious day, with regard to Ebabbar, the beloved temple of the god Šamaš and the goddess Aya, the cella (and) seat of their divinity, the chamber of their desire, I (re)laid their brickwork according to the[ir] original appearances, over [the foundation(s) of] Ḫam[mu]-rāpi, an ancient king, and put their foundation(s back) in the(ir) correct position(s). I built that temple anew as (it had been) in ancient times and appropriately adorned its structure.
Obverse Column iii [6:12] iii 77–iii 1212(As for) Eduranna, his beloved temple, I raised its superstructure just like the one of the distant past (lit. “distant days”). I built (and) completed Ebabbar for the god Šamaš and the goddess Aya and (then) made its processional way beautiful.
Obverse Column iii [12:19] iii 1313–iii 1919(As for) the cella, the seat of their exalted divinity, whose foundation(s) were set in place at the side of the ziggurat, to make (it) befit their great divinity, I made (it) as bright as day for the god Šamaš and the goddess Aya, my lords, and raised (it) as high as a mountain.
Obverse Column iii [19:22] iii 2020–iii 2222That which the god Šamaš, the great lord, had never granted any king, he granted to me, the king who reveres him, and he presented (it) into my hands.
Obverse Column iii [22:26] iii 2323–iii 2626I piously built Ebabbar for the god Šamaš and the goddess Aya, my lords, as (it had been) in ancient times and returned (it) to its (original) place.
Obverse Column iii [26:31] iii 2727–iii 3131(As for) the alabaster tablet bearing the name of Ḫammu-rāpi, an ancient king, that I had discovered inside of it, I placed (it) with an inscription bearing my name and firmly established (it there) [for] ever.
Obverse Column iii [31:38] iii 3232–iii 3838On this account, O Šamaš, supreme lord, exalted one, lord of everything, king of heaven and earth, light of the lands, look with pleasure upon this temple and grant me a l[on]g life (lit. “a life of l[on]g days”), the attainment of very old age, a firmly secured throne, (and) a long reign.
Obverse Column iii [38:46] iii 3939–iii 4646By your exalted command, O Šamaš, great lord, may this temple grow old in your presence for eternity. Make my hands conquer the black-headed (people), as many as see your bright light, (and) make (them) bow down at my feet.
Obverse Column iii [46:50] iii 4747–iii 5050May the goddess Aya, the great bride, constantly say good thing about me to you in your exalted cella.
Obverse Column iii [50:54] iii 5151–iii 5454May the god Bunene, the vizier with whom you deliberate, reveal favorable signs for me daily.

Transliteration (ATF)

From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)

LineATFMachine English (draft)
i
1{[m}{d]}na-bi-um-na-ʾi-id LUGAL KA₂.DINGIR.RA{ki}
2[re]-⸢e₂⸣-a-um ni-bi-it {d}AMAR.UTU
3[za]-⸢ni⸣-in e₂-sag-il₂ u₃ e₂-zi-da
4mu-ṭa-ah-hi-id sa-at-tu-uk-ku
5mu-ud-di-iš ma-ha-zi DINGIR.MEŠ GAL.MEŠ
6i-da-an za-ni-na-a-ti
7mu-ṭah-hi-id gi-mi-ir E₂.KUR
8za-ni-in eš-re-e-tim mu-šar-ri-ih i-gi-se-e
9na-aš₂-pa-ri la a-ne-hi
10ka-ši-du ša-di-i e-lu-tim
11re-e₂-a-am mu-uš-ta-lu
12mu-uš-te-ši-ir ni-ši ma-a-tim
13⸢ša⸣ {d}AMAR.UTU {d}EN.LIL₂ DINGIR.DINGIR a-na za-na-nu ma-ha-zi
14u₃ ud-du-šu eš-re-e-ti
15šu-um-šu ki-ni-iš iz-ku-ru a-na šar-ru-ti
16{d}na-bi-um pa-qid kiš-šat AN-e u₃ KI-tim
17i-na nap-ha-ar a-ši-ib BARA₂
18u₂-šar-bu-u₂ be-lu-ut-su
19{d}NE₃.ERI₁₁.GAL dan-dan-ni
20{d}EN.LIL₂ er-ṣe-tim mu-ut-tal-ku
21i-na qa₂-ab-lu u₃ ta-ha-zi
22il-li-ki i-da-a-šu {d}EN.ZU u₃ {d}nin-gal
23a-ge-e du-ur₂ UD.MEŠ i-pi-ir ra-šu-uš-šu₂
24{d}UTU u₃ {d}a-a ṭu-da-at mi-ša-⸢ru⸣
25u₂-pa-at-tu-šu DINGIR.MEŠ GAL.MEŠ
26i-na ku-⸢un⸣ [lib₃-bi]-šu₂-nu ra-bi-iš ut-⸢tu⸣-šu
27u₂-ba-⸢ʾi⸣-[lu] šu-um-šu
28u₂-šar-bu-⸢u₂⸣ [be]-⸢lu⸣-ut-su
29DUMU {m}{d}na-bi-⸢um⸣-[ba-lat]-⸢su⸣-iq-bi
30ru-ba-a-am ⸢e-em⸣-qa₂ a-na-ku
31i₃-nu-um {d}UTU be-lu ⸢GAL⸣-u₂ ša₂ AN-e u₃ KI-tim
32re-ʾu-u₂ ṣal-mat SAG.DU be-lu te-ne₂-še-e-tim
33larsa{ki} a-lu na-ar-mi-šu e₂-babbar-ra
34⸢šu⸣-ba-at ṭu₂-ub lib₃-bi-šu₂ ša₂ ul-tu UD.MEŠ ul-lu-tim
35in-na-mu-u₂ e-mu-u₂ kar-mi-iš
36ba-aṣ-ṣa u₃ tu-ru-ba ši-pi-ik e-pe-ru
37ra-bu-tim e-li-šu iš-ša-ap-ku-ma
38la uṣ-ṣa-ab-bu-u₂ ki-su-ur₂-šu
39la in-⸢na⸣-aṭ-ṭa-la u₂-ṣu-ra-ti-ša
40i-na BALA-e {m}{d}MUATI-NIG₂.GUB-URU₃ LUGAL mah-ri
41DUMU {m}{d}MUATI-ap-lu-u₂-ṣur ba-aṣ-ṣa ši-pi-ik e-pe-ri
42⸢ša⸣ e-li URU u₃ E₂ šu-a-tim
43ša-ap-ku in-na-ši-ir-ma te-me-en-na e₂-babbar-ra
44ša {m}bur-na-bur-ia-aš₂ LUGAL pa-na-a a-li-ik mah-ri
45i-mu-ur-ma te-me-en-na LUGAL la-bi-ri ša₂ la-am
46{m}bur-na-bur-ia-aš₂ u₂-ba-ʾi-i-ma la i-mu-ur
47e-li te-me-en-na {m}bur-na-bur-ia-aš₂
48ša qe₂-re-eb-ša ip-pa-al-sa e₂-babbar-ra i-pu-uš-ma
49{d}UTU be-lu GAL-u₂ u₂-šar-mi qe₂-re-eb-šu
50E₂ šu-a-tim a-na mu-ša-ab {d}UTU EN GAL-u₂
51u₃ {d}a-a kal-la-tim na-ra-am-ti-šu
52⸢ta⸣-al-la-ak-tu-šu i-ṣa-at-ma
53[ṣu]-uh-hu-ru ši-pi-ir-šu
54[i]-na-an-na i-na MU.10.KAM i-na u₄-mu BALA-e-a
55⸢da⸣-am-qa i-na šar-ru-ti-ia da-ri₂-tim
ii
1ša {d}UTU i-ra-am-mu-šu₁₄
2{d}UTU be-lu GAL-u₂ ih-su-su šu-bat-⸢sa⸣ reš-ti-tim
3ša zi-qu-ra-tim ⸢ge⸣-gu-<na>-a-šu
4re-e-ši-ša e-⸢li ša⸣ pa-nim ul-li-ma
5li-ib-ba-⸢šu ha-di-iš⸣ ub-lam-ma
6a-na ia-tim {d}MUATI-NI₂.TUKU LUGAL za-ni-ni-šu
7e₂-babbar-ra a-na aš-ri-šu ⸢tu⸣-ur₂-ru
8ki-ma ša₂ UD.MEŠ ul-lu-tim šu-ba-at ṭu-ub lib₃-bi-šu₂
9e-pe-šu u₂-qa-a-⸢wa₆⸣-an-ni
10i-na qi₂-bi-it {d}AMAR.UTU be-lu GAL-⸢u₂ it⸣-bu-nim-ma
11ša-a-ri er-bet-ti-šu-nu me-he-[e ra-bu]-tim
12ba-aṣ-ṣa ša e-⸢li⸣ URU u₃ ⸢E₂ ša⸣-a-šu
13ka-at-ma in-na-si-ih-ma e₂-babbar-ra
14ki-iṣ-ṣi ra-aš₂-ba u₂-ra-⸢ša⸣ [za]-⸢ma⸣-ri
15mu-ša-ab {d}UTU u₃ {d}[a]-a
16u₃ zi-qu₂-ra-ti ge-gu-na-a-šu ṣi-[i]-⸢ri⸣
17ku-um-mu da-⸢ru⸣-u₂ maš-ta-[ku] ⸢la-le⸣-[šu-un]
18te-me₂-en-šu-un in-na-mi-ir-ma
19in-na-aṭ-ṭa-la u₂-ṣu-ra-ti-⸢šu⸣-un
20ši-ṭi-ir šu-um ša {m}ha-am-mu-ra-pi₂
21LUGAL la-bi₂-ri ša 7 ME MU.AN.NA.MEŠ
22la-am {m}bur-na-bur-ia-aš₂
23e₂-babbar-ra u₃ zi-qu-ra-ti
24e-li te-me-en-na la-bi-ri
25a-na {d}UTU ib-nu-u₃
26qe₂-er-ba-⸢šu⸣ ap-pa-li-is-ma ap-la-[ah]
27ak-ku-ud-ma ar-ša-a ni-iq-⸢it-ti⸣
28ki-a-am aq-bi a-na li-⸢ib⸣-[bi-ia]
29um-ma ⸢LUGAL a-li⸣-ku ma-⸢ah-ri-ia⸣
30E₂ i-pu-uš-ma {d}UTU be-⸢lu ra-bu-u₂⸣
31u₂-ša-ar-mi ⸢qe₂-re-eb-šu⸣
32ia-ti E₂ šu-a-tim [mu-ša-ab {d}UTU u₃ {d}a-a]
33i-na a-šar šu-⸢us⸣-[su-mu a-na e-pe₂-šu]
34aš₂-ši qa₂-ti u₂-ṣal-[la-a EN EN.EN um-ma]
35{d}EN.LIL₂ DINGIR.DINGIR ru-bu-um {d}AMAR.UTU
36ba-lu-uk-ka ul in-na-an-da šu-ub-ti
37ul ib-ba-aš₂-ši-mu ki-su-ur-šu
38ša la ka-a-šu₂ ma-an-ni mi-na-a ip-pu-uš
39be-lu i-na qi₂-bi-ti-ka ṣi-ir-ti
40ša e-li-ka ṭa-a-bi lu-⸢še-ep-pe⸣-eš
41aš₂-ra-a-ti {d}UTU {d}IŠKUR u₃ {d}U.⸢GUR⸣
42a-na e-pe₂-šu E₂ šu-a-tim aš-te-eʾ-[e]-⸢ma⸣
43UZU dum-qi₂ ša a-ra-ku ⸢u₄-mi-ia⸣
44u₃ e-pe-eš E₂ iš-ṭu-ru i-na ⸢lib₃⸣-[bi]-⸢šu⸣
45aš₂-ni-ma al-pu-ut pu-[ha-da]
46an-na ki-i-ni ša ša₂-⸢la⸣-mu ⸢ši⸣-[ip-ri-ia]
47u₂-ša₂-aš₂-ki-ni i-na ⸢ter-ti-ia⸣
48a-na a-mat {d}AMAR.UTU be-lu šu-ur₂-bi-ia u₃ a-na a-mat
49{d}UTU u₃ {d}IŠKUR EN.MEŠ bi-ri at-ka-al-ma
50i-li-iṣ lib₃-bi ka-ba-⸢at⸣-ta ip-pa-ar-da
51ih-di ra-ma-ni im-mi-ru zi-⸢mu⸣-u₂-a
52ad-ka-am-ma um-ma-na-a-ti {d}UTU u₃ {d}AMAR.UTU
53ṣa-bi-it al-lu na-aš₂ {giš}MAR za-bi-il {⸢giš}DUSU⸣
54a-na e-pe₂-eš e₂-babbar-ra ki-iṣ-⸢ṣi⸣ [ra-aš₂-ba u₃ zi-qu₂]-⸢ra⸣-tim
55BARA₂-ša ṣi-i-ri ra-bi-iš u₂-[ma]-⸢ʾi⸣-ir-ma
56um-man-nu mu-du-u₂ a-šar-ša uš-ta-[am]-⸢hir⸣
57te-me-en-na i-hi-ṭu-ma u₂-ṣa-ab-bu-u₂ si-ma-a-tim
58i-na ITI ša-al-ma i-na UD ŠE.GA ša e₂-babbar-ra
59E₂ na-ra-am {d}UTU u₃ {d}a-a pa-pa-hi šu-ba-at
60i-lu-ti-šu-un maš-ta-ku la-le-šu-un
iii
1ki-ma ⸢si-ma⸣-ti-⸢šu⸣-[un] re-eš-ta-a-tim
2e-⸢li⸣ [te-me-en-na ša] {m}ha-am-[mu]-ra-pi₂ LUGAL la-bi-ri
3li-ib-na-⸢at⸣-su-un ad-di-ma
4uš-te-ši-ir te-me₂-en-šu-un
5E₂ šu-a-tim ki-ma la-bi-ri-im-ma
6e-eš-ši-iš e-pu₂-uš-ma
7us-si-mi ši-ki-in-šu e₂-dur-an-na
8E₂ na-ra-mi-šu ki-ma ša₂ UD.MEŠ ul-lu-tim
9ul-la-a re-e-ši-šu
10e₂-babbar-ra a-na {d}UTU u₃ {d}a-a
11e-pu-uš u₂-ša-ak-li-il-ma
12u₂-ba-an-na-a ta-al-la-ak-tu-uš
13pa-pa-hi šu-ba-at i-lu-ti-šu-un ṣir-tim
14ša i-te-e zi-qu-ra-tim re-tu-u₂ te-me-en-šu₂
15a-na si-ma-at i-lu-ti-šu-num
16ra-bi-tim šu-lu-ku
17a-na {d}UTU u₃ {d}a-a EN.MEŠ-e-a
18u₄-mi-iš u₂-na-am-mi-ir-ma
19u₂-za-aq-qi₂-ir hur-sa-ni-iš
20ša a-na LUGAL ma-na-ma la im-gu-ru
21{d}UTU be-lu GAL-u₂ ia-tim LUGAL pa-li-ih-šu₂
22im-gu-ur-an-ni-ma i-ir-a-am qa₂-tu-u₂-a
23e₂-babbar-ra a-na {d}UTU u₃ {d}a-a
24EN.MEŠ-e-a ki-ma la-bi-ri-im-ma
25da-am-qi₂-iš e-pu₂-uš-ma
26a-na aš₂-ri-ša u₂-te-er
27⸢ṭup⸣-pi {na₄}GIŠ.NU₁₁.GAL ši-ṭi-ir šu-mi
28⸢ša⸣ {m}ha-am-mu-ra-pi₂ LUGAL la-bi-ri
29ša qe₂-re-eb-šu ap-pa-al-sa
30⸢it⸣-ti ši-ṭi-ir šu-mi-ia aš₂-ku-un-ma
31u₂-ki-in [ana] du-ur₂ u₄-mi
32a-na ša-at-ti {d}UTU be-lu šu-ur₂-bu-u₂
33ša-qu-u₂ be-lu gim-ri
34LUGAL AN-e u₃ KI-tim
35nu-ur₂ KUR.KUR E₂ šu-a-tim ha-di-iš nap-lis-ma
36⸢ba⸣-la-ṭa₄ u₄-mu ru-[qu-u₂]-ti
37še-be₂-e lit-tu-tu ku-⸢un⸣-nu {giš}GU.ZA
38u₃ la-ba-ra pa-le-e a-na ši-rik-ti šur-kam
39i-na qi₂-bi-ti-ka ṣi-ir-ti
40{d}UTU be-lu ra-bu-u₂ E₂ šu-a-tim
41ma-ha-ar-ka lu-la-ab-bi-ir
42a-na da-ri₂-a-ti
43ni-ši ṣa-al-ma-at qaq-qa-du
44ma-la i-ba-ar-ra-a nu-ur₂-ka nam-ri
45šu-uk-ši-da qa₂-tu-u₂-a
46šu-uk-ni-šu še-e-pu-u₂-a
47{d}a-a kal-la-ti ra-bi-tim
48i-na ku-um-mi-ka ṣi-i-ri
49ka-a-a-na li-ta-mi-ka
50da-am-qa-a-ti
51{d}bu-ne-ne su-uk-kal-lum
52mi-it-lu-uk-ti-ka u₄-mi-ša-am-ma
53li-ka-al-li-mu
54i-da-a-ti du-um-qi₂-ia

Sources & licences

Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-11.