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The rulers of Lagaš (Q000372)
Literary, Old Babylonian · c. 1900 BCE–1600 BCE
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| Designation | The rulers of Lagaš |
|---|---|
| ID | Q000372 |
| Language | Sumerian |
| Period | Old Babylonian · c. 1900 BCE–1600 BCE |
| Genre | Literary |
| Find spot | uncertain |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)
Machine draft. The right-hand column is machine English from ixmon/atf-to-english (atf-en-t5base-F, 2026-10-17), generated line by line from the transliteration. It is unreviewed and is not a scholarly translation.
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | eŋer a-ma-ru ba-ur₃-ra-ta | From the Eber, the flood that swept over |
| 2 | u₃ gel-le-eŋ₃ kur-ra-ke₄ ba-an-ŋar-ra-ta | After the gellê-offerings of the netherworld had been released, |
| 3 | nam-lu₂-ulu₃ da-re-eš i-ak-a-ba | Because of the lasting humanity that has been done |
| 4 | numun nam-lu₂-ulu₃ im-mi-in-taka₄-a-ba | when the seed of mankind had been planted, |
| 5 | uŋ₃ saŋ gig₂-ga ni₂-bi-a im-mi-in-il₂-la-a-ba | When he raised his hands in a bitter cry, |
| 6 | ud an-ne₂ {d}en-lil₂-le | when An and Enlil |
| 7 | nam-lu₂-ulu₃ mu-bi sa₄-a-ta | Humanity, because of this name |
| 8 | u₃ nam-ensi₂ in-ŋar-ra-ta | and the office of governor he has imposed |
| 9 | nam-lugal aga iri-am₃ | kingship is the crown of the city |
| 10 | an-ta nu-ub-ta-an-e₃-a-ba | when it had not come forth from heaven, |
| 11 | {d}nin-ŋir₂-su {ŋiš}al {ŋiš}mar | Ninbirsu, the hoe, the calf |
| 12 | {gi}dusu {ŋiš}apin-e zi-šag₄-ŋal₂ kalam-ma | The reed bundles of the plow are carried off to the Land |
| 13 | uŋ₃ sig₁₀-ga šar₂-a nu-ŋar-re-eš-a-ba | When the good omens of the king were not presented |
| 14 | ud-ba lu₂-tur dan₃-dan₃-na-ka | At that time, in the days of the bright-faced children, |
| 15 | mu 100 i₃-ak | 100 years he ruled; |
| 16 | nam-buluŋ₃-ŋa₂-ni-ta mu 100 bi₂-in-ak | he has acted as šamaš-priest for 100 years. |
| 17 | kiŋ₂-gi₄-a li-bi₂-ib₂-gi₄-gi₄ | may he not return to its place. |
| 18 | i₃-tur i₃-tur-tur i₃-ŋal₂ ama-a-ni | He is small, he is small; he has carried it off to his mother. |
| 19 | udu-a-ni tur₃-re im-ma-an-ri-ri | His sheep roamed the cattlepen. |
| 20 | ud-ba a lagaš{ki} du₃ x | At that time, the waters of Lagaš ... |
| 21 | ŋir₂-su{ki} šag₄-ŋar i₃-ŋal₂-am₃ | Birsu was plundered. |
| 22 | id₂ nu-un-dun-na-am₃ | The river was not dug. |
| 23 | eg₂ pa₅-re šu-luh nu-ak-am₃ | The pānu-house is not tended |
| 24 | a-gar₃ gal-gal-e X X-na nu-un-x | The great meadows did not ... |
| 25 | gan₂-ne₂ gana₂ zid-de₃ a he₂-ŋal₂-la nu-un-de₂ | The field, the fertile field, does not carry water. |
| 26 | nam-lu₂-ulu₃ igi-bi im šeŋ₃-šeŋ₃-ŋa₂ in-bar | Humanity looked at it with a wailing wind. |
| 27 | {d}ezina₂ še gu-nu nu-ub-ta-an-mu₂ | Ištar did not give him a firm positive answer |
| 28 | ab-sin₂-na ka-bi nu-un-du₈ | The mouth of the furrow is not closed. |
| 29 | gu₂ nu-mu-un-il₂ | did not raise a neck. |
| 30 | an-edin-na nu-un-ur₁₁-ru | In the high steppe he does not sleep. |
| 31 | gu₂ nu-mu-un-il₂ | did not raise a neck. |
| 32 | kur-kur uŋ₃ lu-a diŋir-re-ne-er | All the lands, oh, the intertwined ones! |
| 33 | {kaš}ulušin kurun x | “My beer, sweet beer, |
| 34 | kurun dug₃ X X x | sweet beer |
| 35 | nu-mu-un-ne-eb₂-bal-bal | will not cross over. |
| 36 | a-šag₄ gal {ŋiš}apin-ta | from the large field of the plow |
| 37 | nu-mu-un-ne-eb-ur₁₁-ru | he did not release. |
| 48 | id₂ x | the ... canal |
| 49 | a-šag₄-bi x | Its field |
| 50 | id₂ dun-ne-de₃ | to dig the river |
| 51 | eg₂ pa₅-re šu-luh ak-de₃ | To make the ditches tremble |
| 52 | a-gar₃ gal-gal-e X x | The large meadows ... |
| 53 | gan₂-ne₂ gana₂ zid-de₃ x im-x | The field, the true field ... |
| 54 | {ŋiš}al {ŋiš}mar {gi}dusu {ŋiš}apin-e | The hoe, the wagon, the plowman |
| 55 | zi-šag₄-ŋal₂ kalam-ma | the one who brings about the destruction of the Land |
| 56 | uŋ₃-še₃ im-ta-an-ŋar-re-eš | they have sworn it. |
| 57 | ud-bi-a še ed₃-de₃-da | At that time, when the earth was trembling |
| 58 | ŋeštug₂-ga-a-ni na-an-gub | his garment he did not put on. |
| 59 | ki-sikil-še₃ igi-ni-še₃ ba-ši-in-gub-ba-aš | When the maiden stood before her |
| 60 | ud ŋi₆-bi-ta ki-ulutim-bi-še₃ | At that time, in its entirety, |
| 61 | saŋ-ba ba-ši-in-il₂ | he raised up in the netherworld |
| 62 | {d}ezina₂ še-numun-bi mu-mu₂-a | Ezina planted its seed. |
| 63 | ki-a bi₂-in-za-za-aš im-mi-ni-in-ed₃-de₃-eš | They stood on the ground and spoke to him |
| 64 | {d}ezina₂ še gu-nu mu-mu₂-a | Ištar, when he had fashioned a throne, |
| 65 | x KU x-eš | -eš |
| 66 | x-in-il₂ | he raised |
| 67 | x DU | ...; |
| 99 | mu x i₃-ak | he acted for ... years. |
| 100 | igi huš X X x | a furious face |
| 101 | {id₂}PU₃ mu-un-dun | he dug the Tigris. |
| 102 | mu 2760 i₃-ak | year 2760 he ruled |
| 103 | en-a₂-ki-gal-la-gub-ba | Enakigalaguba |
| 104 | diŋir-ra-ni {d}X x | The ... of the Ibirrani, |
| 105 | {id₂}niŋin₆{ki}-ŋiš-tuku-am₃ mu-un-dun | he dug the Nippur canal. |
| 106 | mu 1200 i₃-ak | year 1200 he ruled; |
| 107 | ud-ba mu sar nu-me-a X x | At that time there was no inscription ... |
| 108 | id₂ nu-un-dun {gi}dusu nu-un-il₂ | The river was not dug, the reed basket was not raised. |
| 109 | ud-bi-a a₂ UR₃ lugal x | At that time, the royal troops |
| 110 | uŋ₃ ŋiš tag-ga kug-sig₁₇ si sa₂-a | “Seal of a tiara of gold, properly executed, |
| 111 | ed₃-de₃-ra huš-na huš-a | In the steppe furious, furious |
| 112 | ba-ni-in-ŋar | he imposed upon him. |
| 113 | X tag-ga kabar zid-de₃ | ... to make the copper strong, |
| 114 | kalam-še₃ im-ta-an-e₃ | he brought out into the land |
| 115 | a suhur ab-ba abrig UR₃-ra | ... water, the abba priest, the ... steward |
| 116 | saŋ-eš₂ mu-ni-rig₇ | he presented it (this statue). |
| 117 | en-{d}nin-ŋir₂-su-ki-aŋ₂ | En-Ninbirsukia |
| 118 | dumu en-a₂-ki-gal-la-gub-ba | son of En-a-kigal-laguba, |
| 119 | mu 1320 i₃-ak | year 13 20 he ruled; |
| 120 | en-{d}en-lil₂-le-ki-aŋ₂ | En-Enlil-lekia |
| 121 | dumu en-{d}nin-ŋir₂-su-ki-aŋ₂ | son of En-Ninbirsukia |
| 122 | mu 1800 i₃-ak | 1800 years he ruled; |
| 123 | ur-{d}ba-u₂ dumu en-{d}en-lil₂-le-ki-aŋ₂ | Ur-Bau, son of En-Enlil-lekia |
| 124 | mu 900 i₃-ak | 900 years he ruled; |
| 125 | a₂-gal diŋir-ra-ni {d}ig-alim | the chief of the intercessors, Igalim, |
| 126 | mu 660 i₃-ak | year 660 he ruled; |
| 127 | KU-e dumu a₂-gal-la-ke₄ | KUe, the son of Agala |
| 128 | mu 1200 i₃-ak | year 1200 he ruled; |
| 129 | ama-alim dumu KU-e x | Ama-alim, son of KUe |
| 130 | mu 600 i₃-ak | 600 years he ruled; |
| 131 | da-an-X x | Dan- |
| 132 | mu x i₃-ak | he acted for ... years. |
| 133 | X x | |
| 134 | mu x i₃-ak | he acted for ... years. |
| 135 | A X x | from the family |
| 136 | mu x i₃-ak | he acted for ... years. |
| 137 | GAN₂ x | field |
| 138 | UN x | [N]N |
| 141 | {id₂}x mu-un-dun | he dug the , |
| 142 | mu x i₃-ak | he acted for ... years. |
| 145 | {id₂}mah {id₂}x | the Great Canal, the |
| 146 | {id₂}piriŋ₃-gin₇-ŋen {id₂}x | the Tigris, the |
| 147 | {id₂}piriŋ₃ ka {id₂}lugal-ka | the Piri canal, the mouth of the Lugal canal |
| 148 | {id₂}gana₂-hi-li-an-na {id₂}TE-x | the canal Ganaḫiliana, the canal |
| 149 | {id₂}{d}nanše-pad₃-da mu-un-dun | he dug the Euphrates. |
| 150 | a-gar₃ gal-gal 1(AŠ)-e en₃-bi tar-re-de₃ | to investigate the large arable tracts |
| 151 | pa₅ a dug₄-ga |AMAR.TI.AN| mu-un-dun | he dug a well with fresh water. |
| 152 | mu 2220 i₃-ak | year 22 20 he ruled; |
| 153 | ur-{d}nanše dumu X X-ma-ke₄ | Ur-Nanše, son of ... |
| 154 | e₂-sirara₆ e₂ šag₄ hul₂-la-ni | His Esirara, the house of joy, |
| 155 | niŋin₆{ki} iri ki aŋ₂-ŋa₂-ni mu-du₃-a | Nippur, the city that his father had built |
| 156 | mu 1080 i₃-ak | year 1080, he ruled |
| 157 | an-ne₂-tum₂ dumu ur-{d}nanše-ke₄ | Anetum, son of Ur-Nanše |
| 158 | ki alim-ma-na diŋir-re-e-ne | the bīr-priests in the place of his bison, |
| 159 | mu-un-gub-ba saŋ-tun₃ {d}en-lil₂ gal DE₂ | he set up. The great satun of Enlil |
| 160 | diŋir-ra-ni {d}šul-utul₁₀ | his intercession ritual, Šulutul |
| 161 | mu 690 i₃-ak | 690 years he ruled; |
| 162 | x NE dumu an-ne₂-tum₂ | ... son of Anetum |
| 163 | mu x 360 i₃-ak | he acted for 360 years. |
| 164 | en-en₃-tar-zid diŋir-ra-ni {d}meš₃-an-DU | Enentarzid, his messenger, Meš-anDU, |
| 165 | numun ud re-a iri-da mu₂-a | The seed of distant days, growing in the city, |
| 166 | mu 990 i₃-ak | year 990, he ruled |
| 167 | x-en-da-in-si dumu en-en₃-tar-zid | ..., son of Enentarzid. |
| 168 | {id₂}ur-mah-ban₃-da {id₂}tab-ta-ku₃-ŋal₂ | the Urmaḫbanda canal, the Tabta-kubal canal |
| 169 | mu-un-dun diŋir-a-ni {d}meš₃-an-DU | He dug his canal, Mešannadu |
| 170 | lugal-a-ni {d}nin-ŋir₂-su | his master Ninbirsu |
| 171 | e₂-a-ni du₃-da mu-un-na-dug₄ | he satisfied him with the building of his temple. |
| 172 | mu 960 i₃-ak | year 960 he ruled; |
| 173 | en-{d}en-lil₂-le-su mu 600 i₃-ak | En-Enlilesu, 600 years he ruled |
| 174 | en-X-X dumu en-{d}en-lil₂-le-su | En-X, son of En-Enlil-lesu |
| 175 | diŋir-ra-ni {d}nin-a-zu mu 660 i₃-ak | his “finger-nail' of Ninazu, year 660, he ruled. |
| 176 | x-du₈ mu 1110 i₃-ak | x-du8, 1110 years he ruled; |
| 177 | puzur₄-{d}nin-lil₂ mu x šu-ši 1 i₃-ak | Puzriš-Ninlil, 1 year he ruled |
| 178 | en-{d}meš₃-an-DU dumu puzur₄-{d}nin-lil₂-la₂ | En-Meš-anDU, son of Puzur-Ninlil |
| 179 | diŋir-ra-ni AN x mu 2 šu-ši i₃-ak | Ibirrani ... two years he ruled |
| 180 | da-du dumu en-{d}meš₃-an-DU mu 160 i₃-ak | Dadu, son of En-Meš-anDU, 160 years he ruled |
| 181 | tug₂-gur dumu da-du mu 160 i₃-ak | Turban, child of Dadu, year 160 he ruled; |
| 182 | LA X mu 120 i₃-ak | ..., 120 years he ruled |
| 183 | puzur₄-{d}ma-ma dub-sar {d}nin-ki | Puzur-Mama, scribe of Ninki. |
| 184 | diŋir-ra-ni {d}za-za-ru mu x i₃-ak | His bīt-bir temple of Zazaru he built for ... years. |
| 185 | |LAM.KU|-niŋ₂-gen₆-na šag₄-tam puzur₄-{d}ma-ma | “Lamku-ni-gena, the slave of Puzur-Mama |
| 186 | lu₂ bad₃ ŋir₂-su{ki} AŠ₂-a-ni | the man who built the wall of Birsu |
| 187 | e₂-gal ti-ra-aš₂ ki lagaš{ki} mu-du₃-a | The palace Tiras, the place of Lagaš, he built. |
| 188 | mu 280 i₃-ak | year 280, he ruled; |
| 189 | he₂-en-ŋal₂ dumu |LAM.KU|-niŋ₂-gen₆-na | Henbal, son of Lamku-ni-gena |
| 190 | diŋir-ra-ni {d}pa₄-bil-saŋ mu 140 i₃-ak | Bīrāni, Pabilsa, 140 years he ruled |
| 191 | x dumu he₂-en-ŋal₂ mu 144 i₃-ak | son of Henbal, 144th year he ruled; |
| 192 | ur-{d}nin-mar-ki-ka dub-sar um-mi-a | Ur-Ninmarkika, the scribe of the mother |
| 193 | x x KAL saŋ dur₂-ra diŋir-ra-ni {d}ha-ia₃ {d}nisaba | ... of the throne-dais, his intercession ritual, Haya and Nisaba |
| 194 | mu x 20 i₃-ak | [year ...] 20 he ruled; |
| 195 | ur-{d}nin-ŋir₂-su dumu ur-{d}nin-mar-ki-ka mu x šu-ši i₃-ak | Ur-Ninbirsu, son of Ur-ninmarki, ... years he ruled |
| 196 | ur-{d}ba-u₂ dub-sar ur-{d}nin-ŋir₂-su-ka X | Ur-Bau, the scribe of Ur-Ninbirsu |
| 197 | x X unken-na x mu x 30 i₃-ak | ... of the assembly ... 30 years he ruled; |
| 198 | gu₃-de₂-a šeš-ban₃-da ur-{d}ba-u₂-ka x | Gudea, the bow of Ur-Bau |
| 199 | dumu ama-na dumu ad-da nu-me-a mu x i₃-ak | son of his mother, son of the father who is not his, he acted for ... years. |
| 200 | e₂-dub-ba sar-ra {d}nisaba za₃-mi₂ | In the scribal school Nisaba praises. |
Sources & licences
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-18.