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Gilgameš and Aga (Q000361)

Literary, Old Babylonian, Nippur · c. 1900 BCE–1600 BCE

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Designation	Gilgameš and Aga
ID	Q000361
Language	Sumerian
Period	Old Babylonian · c. 1900 BCE–1600 BCE
Genre	Literary
Find spot	Nippur
Coordinates	32.1271, 45.2300

Transliteration (ATF)

From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)

Machine draft. The right-hand column is machine English from ixmon/atf-to-english (atf-en-t5base-F, 2026-10-17), generated line by line from the transliteration. It is unreviewed and is not a scholarly translation.

Line	ATF	Machine English (draft)
1	lu₂-kiŋ₂-gi₄-a ag-ga dumu en-me-barag-ge₄-si-ke₄	Lu-kibgia, Aga, son of Enmebaraggesi,
2	kiš{ki}-ta {d}gilgameš₂ unug{ki}-še₃ mu-un-ši-re₇-eš	From Kiš Gilgamesh went to Uruk
3	{d}gilgameš₂ igi ab-ba iri{ki}-na-še₃	Gilgamesh, before the elders of his city
4	inim ba-an-ŋar inim i₃-kiŋ₂-kiŋ₂-e	He has spoken, he has spoken words.
5	tul₂ til-le-da tul₂ kalam til-til-le-da	To the well that is finished, to the well of the Land that is completed,
6	tul₂ niŋ₂ ban₃-da kalam til-til-le-da	With a mighty mouth, a land that is being finished,
7	tul₂ burudₓ(U)-da eš₂ la₂ til-til-le-da	With a well that is torn out, with a bitch that is not to be finished
	e₂ kiš{ki}-še₃ gu₂ nam-ba-an-ŋa₂-ŋa₂-an-de₃-en {ŋiš}tukul nam-ba-an-sag₃-ge-en-de₃-en ga-am₃-ma-sag₃-ge-en-de₃-en	Do not tear apart the house of Kiš, do not strike us with weapons, we shall strike us!
9	unken ŋar-ra ab-ba iri-na-ka	In the assembly of the elders of his city
10	{d}gilgameš₂ mu-na-ni-ib-gi₄-gi₄	Gilgamesh replied to him:
11	tul₂ til-le-da tul₂ kalam til-til-le-da	To the well that is finished, to the well of the Land that is completed,
12	tul₂ niŋ₂ ban₃-da kalam til-til-le-da	With a mighty mouth, a land that is being finished,
13	tul₂ burudₓ(U)-da eš₂ la₂ til-til-le-da	With a well that is torn out, with a bitch that is not to be finished
	e₂ kiš{ki}-še₃ gu₂ ga-am₃-ŋa₂-ŋa₂-an-de₃-en {ŋiš}tukul nam-ba-sag₃-ge-en-de₃-en gu₂ nam-ba-ŋa₂-ŋa₂-an-de₃-en {ŋiš}tukul ga-am₃-ma-sag₃-ge-en-de₃-en	In the house of Kiš I want to raise a neck! We shall not strike with weapons, we shall not attack with weapons!
15	{d}gilgameš₂ en kul-aba₄{ki}-a-ke₄	Gilgamesh, the lord of Kulaba
16	{d}inana-ra nir-ŋal₂-la-e	To Inana, to carry away
17	inim ab-ba iri-na-ke₄ šag₄-še₃ nu-mu-na-gid₂	The words of the elders of his city were not heeded
	2-kam-ma-še₃ {d}gilgameš₂ igi ŋuruš iri{ki}-na-še₃ en kul-aba{ki}-a-ke₄	For the 2nd time Gilgamesh before the shepherd of his city and the lord of Kulaba
19	inim ba-an-ŋar inim i₃-kiŋ₂-kiŋ₂-e	He has spoken, he has spoken words.
20	tul₂ til-le-da tul₂ kalam til-til-le-da	To the well that is finished, to the well of the Land that is completed,
21	tul₂ niŋ₂ ban₃-da kalam til-til-le-da	With a mighty mouth, a land that is being finished,
22	tul₂ burudₓ(U)-da eš₂ la₂ til-til-le-da	With a well that is torn out, with a bitch that is not to be finished
	e₂ kiš{ki}-še₃ gu₂ nam-ba-an-ŋar-re-en-ze₂-en {ŋiš}tukul nam-ba-an-sag₃-ge-en-ze₂-en gu₂ nam-ba-ŋa₂-ŋa₂-an-de₃-en {ŋiš}tukul ga-am₃-ma-sag₃-ge-en-de₃-en	Do not attack the house of Kiš, do not strike with a weapon, don’t attack it! I want to strike with weapons!
24	unken ŋar-ra ŋuruš iri{ki}-na-ka {d}gilgameš₂ mu-na-ni-ib-gi₄-gi₄	In the assembly of the elders of his city Gilgamesh replied to him:
25	gub-gub-bu-de₃ tuš-tuš-u₃-de₃	To stand, to sit
26	dumu lugal-la da ri-e-de₃	the king’s son, to go with you
27	zib₂ anše dab₅-dab₅-be₂-e-de₃	to seize the emmer-flood
28	a-ba zi-bi mu-un-tuku-e-še	Who can rival you?
29	e₂ kiš{ki}-še₃ gu₂ nam-ba-an-ŋar-re-en-ze₂-en {ŋiš}tukul nam-ba-an-sag₃-ge-en-de₃-en	Do not approach the house of Kiš, do not raise a weapon against it!
30	unug{ki} ŋiš-kiŋ₂-ti diŋir-re-e-ne-ke₄	of Uruk and of all the intertwined cities
31	e₂-an-na e₂ an-ta ed₃-de₃	To make the Eanna, the house rising from heaven, tremble
32	diŋir gal-gal-e-ne me-dim₂-bi ba-an-ak-eš-am₃	The great bir stones were fashioned.
	bad₃ gal bad₃ an-ne₂ ki us₂-sa muru₉ ki us₂-sa-a-ba	The great wall, the wall that An erected on earth, a cloud covering earth,
	ki-tuš mah an-ne₂ ŋar-ra-ni ŋar-ra-a-ba	When An opens his lofty residence
35	saŋ mu-e-sig₁₀ za-e lugal ur-saŋ-bi	You, the king, its hero
36	saŋ lum-lum nun an-ne₂ ki aŋ₂	“Sa, Lumlum, prince of heaven and earth,
37	du-a-ni-ta a-gin₇ ni₂ ba-an-te	When she came out from her bed, how does she fear?
38	erin₂-bi al-tur a-ga-bi-ta al-bir-re	Its troops are small, its backs are split.
39	lu₂-be₂-ne igi nu-mu-un-da-ru-gu₂-uš	They did not look at me.
40	ud-bi-a {d}gilgameš₂ en kul-aba₄{ki}-ke₄	At that time Gilgamesh, lord of Kulaba
41	inim ŋuruš iri-na-še₃ šag₄-ga-ni an-hul₂ ur₅-ra-ni ba-an-zalag	The word of the shepherd of his city made his heart rejoice, his liver bright
42	šubur-a-ni en-ki-du₁₀-ra gu₃ mu-na-de₂-e	His servant Enkidu spoke to him:
43	ne-eš₂ {ŋiš}šu-kar₂ a₂ me₃ sa he₂-em-mi-gi₄	“Let him return the scepter of battle to its place.
44	{ŋiš}tukul me₃ a₂-zu-še₃ he₂-em-mi-gi₄	May the weapons of battle and battle return to your power
45	ni₂ gal me-lem₄-ma he₂-em-dim₂-dim₂-e	May great fearsomeness and radiance be fashioned.
46	e-ne du-a-ni-ta ni₂ gal-ŋu₁₀ he₂-eb-šu₂	By means of his good deeds may he exercise great fearsomeness
47	dim₂-ma-ni he₂-suh₃ ŋalga-a-ni he₂-bir-re	May his mind be shattered, may his ‘voice’ be split.
48	ud nu-5-am₃ ud nu-10-am₃	The day is not five, the day is no ten.
49	ag-ga dumu en-me-barag-ge₄-si-ke₄ unug{ki} zag-ga ba-an-dab₅-be₂-eš	Aga, son of Enmebaraggesi, took Uruk as a loan.
50	unug{ki}-ga dim₂-ma-bi ba-an-suh₃	In Uruk, his mind was shattered
51	{d}gilgameš₂ en kul-aba{ki}-ke₄	Gilgamesh, lord of Kulaba
52	ur-saŋ-be₂-ne-er gu₃ mu-ne-de₂-e	Ursaŋ-bēner spoke to him.
	ur-saŋ-ŋu₁₀-ne igi mu-un-suh-suh-u₃-ne saŋ₅-saŋ₅-en-ze₂-en	When they look at heroism, you are enraged.
	šag₄ tuku he₂-en-zi-zi-i ag-ga-še₃ ga-an-ši-ŋen ga-an-gi₄	May the one who has a heart be raised up, I want to return to the land!
55	BIR-HAR-tur-ra lu₂-saŋ-lugal-a-ni	BIR-HAR-tur, his sa-šugal priest
56	lugal-a-ni-ir za₃-mi₂ mu-un-na-ab-be₂	he praised his king.
	ŋe₂₆-e ag-ga-še₃ ga-an-ši-ŋen lugal-ŋu₁₀ ga-na-gud-gu₄-ud	I want to utter an arazu prayer to him, let me be a king for him
58	dim₂-ma-ni he₂-suh₃ ŋalga-a-ni he₂-bir-re	May his mind be shattered, may his ‘voice’ be split.
59	BIR-HAR-tur-ra abul-la ba-ra-e₃	BIR-HAR-tura left the gate.
60	BIR-HAR-tur-ra abul-la ed₂-da-ni	BIR-HAR-tur, his gate of the steppe,
61	kan₄ abul-la-ka mu-ni-in-dab₅-be₂-eš	They seized him at the gate of the gate
62	BIR-HAR-tur-ra sukud-ra₂-ni mu-ni-in-gum-gum-ne	They fill his shins with ...
63	igi ag-ga-še₃ mu-ni-in-te	He approached the front of Aga
64	ag-ga-še₃ gu₃ mu-na-de₂-e	He spoke to Aga:
65	inim-ma-ni nu-un-til zabar-dab₅ unug{ki}-ga-ke₄ bad₃-še₃ im-me-ed₃-de₃	His word is not finished, the zabardab of Uruk is to be brought to the wall.
66	bad₃-da gu₂-na im-ma-an-la₂	he stretched out his neck on the wall.
67	ag-ga igi im-ma-ni-in-du₈	he looked at the property.
68	BIR-HAR-tur-re gu₃ mu-na-de₂-e	... spoke to him.
69	arad₂ lu₂ še lugal-zu-u₃	servant of the man who the barley of your king
70	lu₂ še lugal-ŋu₁₀ in-nu	the man who the barley of Lugal-būnu
71	lu₂ še lugal-ŋu₁₀ he₂-me-a	may you be a man of the barley of the king
72	saŋ-ki huš-a-ni he₂-me-a	May your furious saki be yours
73	igi alim-ma-ka-ni he₂-me-a	may you be his bison's face!
74	sun₄ {na₄}za-gin₃-na-ka-a-ni he₂-me-a	may it be his lapis lazuli shade!
75	šu-si sag₉-ga-ni he₂-me-a	may she be his beautiful brow
76	šar₂-ra la-ba-an-šub-bu-uš šar₂-ra la-ba-an-zig₃-ge-eš	The king does not stand by him, they do not rise.
77	šar₂-ra sahar-ra la-ba-an-da-šar₂-re-eš	The king cannot compare with the dust
78	kur-kur du₃-a-bi la-ba-an-da-šu₂-a	The foreign lands that I conquered did not exist
79	ka ma-da-ka sahar-ra la-ba-da-an-si	In the mouth of the land there was no dust.
80	si {ŋiš}ma₂-gur₈-ra-ka la-ba-ra-an-kud	he did not cut the horn of the barge.
81	ag-ga lugal kiš{ki}-a šag₄ erin₂-na-ka-ni šaŋa-a la-ba-ni-in-ak	Aga, the king of Kiš, did not do the work of his troops.
82	mu-ni-ib-ra-ra-ne mu-ni-ib-sag₃-sag₃-ge-ne	They shall strike him, they shall afflict him.
83	BIR-HAR-tur-re sukud-ra₂-ni mu-ni-in-gum-gum-ne	They fill his body with ...
84	eŋer zabar-dab₅ unug{ki}-ga-ke₄ {d}gilgameš₂ bad₃-še₃ im-me-ed₃-de₃	Eber, the zabardab of Uruk, Gilgamesh, to build the wall
85	ab-ba di₄-di₄-la₂ kul-aba₄{ki}-a-ke₄ me-lem₄ bi₂-ib-šu₂-šu₂	The elders of the small ones of Kulaba were filled with radiance.
86	ŋuruš unug{ki}-ga-ke₄ {ŋiš}tukul me₃ a₂-ne-ne bi₂-in-si	The young woman of Uruk shook her arms with a weapon of battle.
87	{ŋiš}ig abul-la-ka sila-ba bi₂-in-gub	He set up the door of the gate in its street.
88	en-ki-du₁₀ abul-la dili ba-ra-e₃	Enkidu came forth alone from the gate.
89	{d}gilgameš₂ bad₃-da gu₂-na im-ma-an-la₂	Gilgamesh stretched out his neck on the wall.
90	igi bar-re-da-ni ag-ga igi ba-ni-in-du₈	When he looks at him, he sees him.
91	arad₂ lu₂ še lugal-zu-u₃	servant of the man who the barley of your king
92	lu₂ še lugal-ŋu₁₀ i₃-me-a	the man who the barley of Lugal-būma
93	bi₂-in-dug₄-ga-gin₇-nam	as if it had been good
94	šar₂-ra ba-an-šub-bu-uš šar₂-ra ba-an-zig₃-ge-eš	The king stands up, the king rises
95	šar₂-ra sahar-ra ba-an-da-šar₂-re-eš	The kings were made to conquer the dust
96	kur-kur du₃-a-bi ba-an-da-šu₂-am₃	He conquered all the lands
97	ka ma-da-ka sahar-ra ba-da-an-si	He filled the mouth of the land with dust.
98	si {ŋiš}ma₂-gur₈-ra-ke₄ ba-ra-an-kud	The horn of the barge was cut off.
99	ag-ga lugal kiš{ki}-a šag₄ erin₂-na-ka-ni šaŋa-a ba-ni-in-ak	Aga, the king of Kiš, made the work of his troops into work.
99A	ŋuruš unug{ki}-ga-ke₄ erin₂-bi X A X BA X	The troops of Uruk
100	{d}gilgameš₂ en kul-aba₄{ki}-ke₄	Gilgamesh, lord of Kulaba
	ag-ga-a gu₃ mu-na-de₂-e ag-ga-aš sa₂ mu-na-ni-ib-be₂	He called out to the Aga, he said to her Aga:
102	ag-ga ugula-ŋu₁₀ ag-ga nu-banda₃-ŋu₁₀	Aga, foreman of oxen, Aga: overseer of bulls.
102A	ag-ga ensi₂-ŋu₁₀ ag-ga šagina-ŋu₁₀	Aga governor Aga general
103	ag-ga šagina erin₂-na-ŋu₁₀	Aga, general of the troops
104	ag-ga zi ma-an-šum₂ ag-ga nam-til₃ ma-an-šum₂	He is the true shepherd, he is the wise shepherd, who provides for the well-being
105	ag-ga lu₂-kar-ra ur₂-ra bi₂-in-tum₂-mu	(Sum) He brought the slave into the lap of a criminal (Akk) The slave was brought to the base of the slave
106	ag-ga mušen kar-ra še bi₂-ib-si-si	He smashed the fish in the harbor
107	unug{ki} ŋiš-kiŋ₂-ti diŋir-re-e-ne-ke₄	of Uruk and of all the intertwined cities
	bad₃ gal bad₃ an-ne₂ ki us₂-sa muru₉ ki us₂-sa-a-ba	The great wall, the wall that An erected on earth, a cloud covering earth,
	ki-tuš mah an-ne₂ ŋar-ra-ni ŋar-ra-a-ba	When An opens his lofty residence
	saŋ mu-sig₁₀ za-e lugal ur-saŋ-bi šu-ŋu₁₀ im-mi-ib-gi₄	You, the king, turned his attention to its hero
111	saŋ lum-lum nun an-ne₂ ki aŋ₂	“Sa, Lumlum, prince of heaven and earth,
112	igi {d}utu-še₃ šu ud-bi-ta e-ra-an-gi₄	before Šamaš he turned back from his days
	ag-ga kiš{ki}-še₃ šu ba-ni-in-ba ba-ni-in-bar	The Aga of Kiš seized it and seized (it).
114	{d}gilgameš₂ en kul-aba₄{ki}-a-ke₄	Gilgamesh, the lord of Kulaba
115	za₃-mi₂-zu dug₃-ga-am₃	Your praise is sweet.

Sources & licences

Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)

Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-18.