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Syllable Alphabet B (SB) (Q000059)

Lexical, Old Babylonian · c. 1900 BCE–1600 BCE

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Designation	Syllable Alphabet B (SB)
ID	Q000059
Language	Sumerian
Period	Old Babylonian · c. 1900 BCE–1600 BCE
Genre	Lexical

Transliteration (ATF)

From Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618)

Machine draft. The right-hand column is machine English from ixmon/atf-to-english (atf-en-t5base-F, 2026-10-17), generated line by line from the transliteration. It is unreviewed and is not a scholarly translation.

Line	ATF	Machine English (draft)
1	A-A	son of
2	A-A-A	Aya
3	A-KU	A-KU
4	A-KU-KU	AKUKU
5	ME-ME	ME-ME,
6	ME-A	‘moonrise to sunset’
7	ME-ME-A	ME-ME-A
8	PAP-PAP	PAP-PAP
9	PAP-A	PAP-A.
10	MAŠ-MAŠ	exorcist
11	MAŠ-GAG
12	MAŠ-NI
13	AŠ-NI
14	BE-NI	Its 'increment'
15	U-BAR
16	BAR-BAR	BAR-BAR
17	BAR-HU	BAR-HU
18	BAR-AN	BAR-AN
19	BAR-TAB	BAR-TAB
20	BAR-TAB-BA	BAR-TAB-BA
21	ZA-ZA	ZA-ZA
22	ZA-A	ZA-A
23	ZA-ZA-A	ZA-ZA-A
24	BA-BA	BA-BA,
25	BA-A	BA-A
26	BA-BA-A	BA-BA-a
27	BA-MU	BA-MU
28	BA-BA-MU	BA-BA-MU
29	BA-NI
30	BA-NI-NI
31	BA-NI-A	BA-NI-A,
32	BA-NI-MU	BA-NI-MU
33	BA-ZA	BA-ZA
34	BA-ZA-ZA	BA-ZA-ZA
35	BA-ZA-A	BA-ZA-A
36	BA-ZA-MU	BA-ZA-MU
37	BA-LA	BA-LA
38	BA-LA-LA	BA-LA-LA
39	BA-LA-A	BALA-A
40	BA-LA-MU	BA-LA-MU
41	SI-SI	horn
42	SI-A	SI-A,
43	SI-A-A	SI-A-A
44	SI-A-UM	SI-A-UM
45	SI-GAG
46	SI-GAG-MU	SI-GAG-MU
47	SI-NI
48	SI-NI-MU	SI-NI-MU
49	SI-LAL
50	SI-LAL-MU	SI-LAL-MU
51	SI-TAR
52	SI-TAR
53	SI-NIG₂	α Scorpii
54	SI-NIG₂-E	“If he slips through a hole’
55	SI-NIG₂-KUG
56	SI-KISAL	“Side-of-the-Harbor-Harbour’s-River—
57	SI-KISAL-E	SI-KISAL-E
58	SI-KISAL-KUG	SI-KISAL-KUG
59	SI-DI
60	SI-DI-MU	SI-DI-MU
61	SI-DI-HA-MA-TI	SI-DIHA-MA-TI
62	MA-MA	MA-MA,
63	MA-A	MA-A,
64	MA-MA-A	MA-MA-A,
65	MA-MU
66	MA-MA-MU	MA-MA-MU
67	MA-NI
68	MA-NI-NI
69	MA-NI-A	MA-NI-A,
70	MA-NI-MU	MA-NI-MU
71	MA-LU
72	MA-LU-LU	MA-LU-LU,
73	MA-LU-A	MA-LU-A,
74	MA-LU-MU	MA-LU-MU
75	MA-KU
76	MA-KU-KU	MA-KU-KU
77	MA-KU-A	MA-KU-A
78	MA-KU-MU	MA-KU-MU
79	MA-AN-BA	MA-AN-BA
80	MA-AN-BA-MU	MA-AN-BA-MU
81	MA-AN-SUM	MA-AN-SUM,
82	MA-AN-SUM-MU	MA-AN-SUM-MU
83	AN-NI	AN-NI
84	AN-NI-SI	Anu-NI-SI
85	AN-NI-ZU	ANNI-ZU
86	AN-NI-MU	ANNI-MU
87	AN-NI-UL	AN-NI-UL
88	AN-NI-BA-AB-UL	ANNIBA-ABUL
89	AN-NI-DUL₃	ANNI-DUL
90	AN-DUL₃	a kind of canopy
91	NAB-DUL₃	(a kind of container)
92	MUL-DUL₃	a constellation
93	AN-SAG	Anu-reš
94	AN-SAG	Anu-reš
95	AN-SUKKAL	Anu-sukkal
96	AN-SUKKAL	Anu-sukkal
97	AN-KAL
98	AN-KAL
99	AN-BA	AN-BA
100	AN-BA-BA	ANBABA
101	AN-BA-A	AN-BA-A
102	AN-BA-MU	AN-BA-MU
103	NI-NI	NI-NI
104	NI-NI	NI-NI
105	NI-NI-NI	NI-NI
106	NI-NI-NI-NI
107	NI-NI-A-AN	NI-NI-A-AN
108	NI-NI-A-AN-LUM	NI-NI-AN-LUM
109	NI-NI-KAL	NI-NI-KAL
110	NI-NI-KAL-LUM	NI-NI-KALUM
111	NI-NI-A-BA	NI-NI-AB
112	NI-NI-A-ZU	NI-NI-a-ZU
113	NI-NI-A-HI	NI-NI-A-HI
114	NI-NI-A-BI	Its ...
115	NI-NI-HAL	NI-NI-HAL
116	NI-NI-HAL-MU	NI-NI-HAL-MU
117	NI-NUN	NI-NUN
118	NI-NUN-MU	NI-NUN-MU
119	NI-BA	NI-BA
120	NI-BA-BA	NI-BA-BA
121	NI-BA-A	NI-BA-a
122	NI-BA-MU	NI-BA-MU
123	IGI-AN-EN-KID-ŠE₃	IGI-AN-Bēl-kID-ŠE
124	IGI-AN-ŠE₃	IGI-AN-ŠE
125	IGI-NIN-ŠE₃	IGI-NIN-ŠE
126	IGI-E₂-KUR-ŠE₃	Witness: Ekur-ēṭer.
127	IGI-E₂-MAH-ŠE₃	IGI-EMAH-šE
128	IGI-AN-NA	Igi-ana
129	IGI-AN-NA-KID-BA	IGI-ANNA-KID-BA
130	IGI-BAR	IGI-BAR,
131	IGI-BAR-BAR	Igi-barbar
132	IGI-BAR-ZI	IGI-BAR-ZI
133	IGI-ZI	IGI-ZI
134	IGI-ZI-AN-NA	IGI-ZI-AN-NA
135	IGI-NI	his eye
136	IGI-NI-MU	IGI-NI-MU
137	IGI-NI-DA-A	IGI-NI-DA-A
138	IGI-TUR
139	IGI-TUR-TUR	IGI-TUR-TUR
140	IGI-GAL	chief accountant.
141	IGI-GAL-GAL	IGI-GAL.GAL
142	IGI-SU₄	IGI-SU4
143	IGI-SU₄-SU₄	IGI-SU-SU₄
144	IGI-SU₄-A	IGI-SU-A
145	IGI-SU₄-MU	IGI-SU-MU
146	NIG₂-AN-EN-KID-DA	NIG-AN-EN-KID-DA
147	NIG₂-AN-DA	NIG-AN-DA
148	NIG₂-AN-DA	NIG-AN-DA
149	NIG₂-BU-DA	NIG-BUDA
150	NIG₂-TUR₃-DA	NIG-TUR-DA
151	NIG₂-LAGAB	NIG-LAGAB
152	NIG₂-LAGAB-A	NIG-LAGAB-A
153	NIG₂-BAD	NIG-BAD
154	NIG₂-BAD-E	NIG-BAD-E
155	NIG₂-BAD-HI	NIG-BAD-HI
156	NIG₂-BAD-GI₄	NIG-BAD-GI
157	NIG₂-BAD-GI₄-E-SI	NIG-BAD-GI-E-SI
158	NIG₂-GA	property
159	NIG₂-GA-E	NIG-GA-E
160	NIG₂-NAM
161	NIG₂-NAM-E	NIG-NAM-E
162	NIG₂-UL	NIG-UL
163	NIG₂-UL-PA-UD-DU-A	NIG-UL-PA-UDDU-A
164	NIG₂-NIG₂
165	NIG₂-NIG₂-NIG₂
166	NA-AN-EN-KID	NA-AN-EN-KID
167	NA-NA
168	NA-A	NA-A
169	NA-NA-A	NA-NA-A
170	NA-MU
171	NA-NA-MU	NA-NA-MU
172	NA-NI
173	NA-NI-NI
174	NA-NI-A	NA-NI-A
175	NA-NI-MU	NA-NI-MU
176	NA-LU	a man
177	NA-LU-LU
178	NA-LU-A	NA-LU-A
179	NA-LU-MU	NA-LU-MU
180	NA-KU
181	NA-KU-KU
182	NA-KU-A	NA-KU-A
183	NA-KU-MU	NA-KU-MU
184	NA-SA₆
185	NA-BA-SA₆	NA-BA-SA
186	NA-DI
187	NA-BA-DI	NA-BA-DI
188	UŠ	UŠ
189	UŠ-A	UŠ-A
190	UŠ-A-NI
191	UŠ-GI
192	UŠ-ZI	UŠ-ZI
193	UŠ-GI-NA	UŠGI-NA
194	UŠ-GA	UŠ-GA
195	UŠ-GA-TI
196	UŠ-GA-TI-A	UŠGA-TIA
197	UŠ-KU	UŠ-KU
198	UŠ-KU-TUR
199	UŠ-KU-MAH	UŠ-KU-MAH
200	UŠ-SA₆-GA	UŠSAGA
201	UŠ-KAL-LA	length, width
202	UŠ-KAL-GA	UŠKAL-GA
203	UŠ-MU	UŠ-MU
204	UŠ-TUR
205	UŠ-BI	Its length
206	UŠ-BI-MU
207	UŠ-SA₆	UŠSA₆
208	UŠ-SA₆-MU	UŠ-SA-MU
209	APIN	Month VIII,
210	APIN-HI
211	APIN-GIM-HI	APIN-GIM-HI
212	APIN-ZI	Araḫsamna (VIII)
213	APIN-GIM-ZI	APIN-GIM-ZI
214	APIN-TA	Month VIII,
215	APIN-UH₃-TA	APIN-UH-TA
216	UH₃-UH₃
217	UH₃-BA
218	UH₃-BA-BA
219	UH₃-BA-A
220	UH₃-BA-MU
221	UH₃-BA-TI
222	UH₃-BA-TI-A	UH-BA-TI-A
223	UH₃-MA
224	UH₃-MA-MA
225	UH₃-MA-A
226	UH₃-MA-MU
227	UH₃-MA-TI
228	UH₃-MA-TI-A	UH-MA-TI-A
229	KUR-KUR	lands
230	KUR-URU
231	KUR-RA	KUR-RA
232	KUR-RA-DU	KUR-RA-DU
233	KUR-RA-DU-DU	KUR-RA-DUDU
234	KUR-TI-AN	KURTI-AN
235	KUR-TI-AN-LUM	KURTI-ANLUM
236	KUR-ŠA-AN	KUR-ŠA-AN
237	KUR-ŠA-AN-LUM	KUR-Ša-AN-LUM
238	KUR-ZA-AN	KUR-ZA-AN
239	KUR-ZA-AN-LUM	ZANLUM
240	KUR-ŠU
241	KUR-ŠU-NI-ŠE₃
242	KUR-GIR₃-NI-ŠE₃	KUR-GIR-NI-ŠE
243	KUR-DA	KUR-DA
244	KUR-DA-RU	KUR-DA-RU
245	KUR-DA-ŠU	KUR-DA-ŠU
246	KUR-MU-GAM	KUR-MU-GAM
247	KUR-MU-GAG	KUR-MU-GAG
248	KUR-MU-GUL	KUR-MU-GUL
249	ZA-AN-TUR	ZA-AN-TUR
250	ZA-AN-TUR-TUR	ZA-AN-TUR-TUR
251	ZA-AN-KA	ZA-AN-KA
252	ZA-AN-KA-KA	ZA-AN-KA-KA
253	ZA-AN-KA-A	ZA-AN-KA-A
254	ZA-AN-KA-MU	ZAN-KA-MU
255	ZA-AN-KA-BI	ZA-AN-KA-BI
256	ZA-AN-TUK	ZA-AN-TUK
257	ZA-AN-NA-TUK	ZAN-NA-TUK
258	ZA-AN-NA	ZAN-NA
259	ZA-AN-NA-NA	ZA-AN-NA
260	ZA-AN-NA-A	ZA-AN-NA-A
261	ZA-AN-NA-MU	ZAN-NA-MU
262	ZA-AN-GU	ZA-AN-GU
263	ZA-AN-GU-GU	ZA-AN-GU-GU
264	ZA-AN-GU-A	ZA-AN-GU-A
265	ZA-AN-GU-MU	ZA-AN-GU-MU
266	ZA-AN-BA	ZA-AN-BA
267	ZA-AN-BA-BA	ZA-AN-BA
268	ZA-AN-BA-A	ZA-AN-BA-A
269	ZA-AN-BA-MU	ZA-AN-BA-MU
270	HU-HU	HU-HU
271	HU-BA	HU-BA
272	HU-BA-BA	HU-BA-BA
273	HU-BA-A	HU-BA-A
274	HU-BA-MU	HU-BA-MU
275	HU-BA-NI	HU-BA-NI
276	HU-BA-NI-SI	HU-BA-NI-SI
277	HU-BA-AGA	Ḫu-BA-AG
278	HU-BA-AGA-E	Ḫu-BAGA-E
279	HU-IB	HU-IB
280	HU-UN
281	HU-HA	HU-HA
282	HU-HA-MU	HU-HA-MU
283	HU-RU
284	HU-RU-MU	HU-RU-MU
285	HU-PI	Ḫu-PI
286	HU-PI-PI	Ḫu-PI-PI
287	HU-PI-A	Ḫu-pia
288	HU-PI-MU	HU-PI-MU
289	HU-GAG	HU-GAG
290	HU-NI
291	HU-NI-NI	HU-NI-NI
292	HU-NI-A	HUNI-A
293	HU-NI-MU	HU-NI-MU
294	GU₄-KU	ox or bull
295	GU₄-KU-MU	“Oxen-of-Kūn’s
296	GU₄-KU-DA-AN	a kind of ox
297	GU₄-KU-DA-AN-LUM	ox or bull
298	GU₄-KU-ZA-AN	ox or bull
299	GU₄-KU-ZA-AN-LUM	ox or bull
300	GU₄-GAZ-ZA-NA-AB	ox or bull
301	GU₄-TUR	calf
302	GU₄-GU-LA	ox or bull
303	GU₄-BIL₂	a kind of ox
304	GU₄-BIL₂-A	Oxen-driver
305	GU₄-BU-UL	ox or bull
306	GU₄-BU-UL-UL	ox or bull
307	GU₄-BUL	ox or bull
308	GU₄-BUL-A	a kind of ox
309	KU-KU	KU-KU
310	KU-A	KU-A
311	KU-KU-A	KUKU-A
312	KU-DA	KU-DA
313	KU-DA-DA
314	KU-DA-A	KUDA-A
315	KU-DA-MU	KU-DA-MU
316	SAG-AN-EN-KID	SAG-AN-EN-KID
317	SAG-AN	SAG-AN,
318	SAG-AN-TUK	SAG-AN-TUK
319	SAG-AN-ŠEŠ-KI-TUK	SAG-AN-ŠE-KI-TUK
320	SAG-AN-ŠEŠ-KI-NI-ZU	SAG-AN-ŠE-KI-NI-ZU
321	SAG-LUGAL-BI-ZU	SAG-Šar-BI-ZU
322	SAG-E-KI-AG₂	SAG-E-KI-AG
323	SAG-KUR	the eunuch of the palace
324	SAG-KUR-TA	SAG-KUR-TA
325	SAG-NIN₉	SAG-NIN
326	SAG-NIN₉-TA	SAG-NIN-TA
327	SAG-NIN₉-BI-E-ZU	SAG-NIN-BI-E-ZU
328	SAG-SUR x	SAG-SUR [x]
339'	ZU-X-X	ZU-...
340'	ZU-LA	ZU-LA
341'	ZU-LA-LA	ZUL-LA-LA
342'	ZU-LA-A	ZU-LA-A
343'	ZU-LA-MU	ZU-LA-MU
344'	ZU-LA-NI	ZU-LA-NI
345'	ZU-LA-NI-A	ZULA-NI-A
346'	ZU-GA	ZU-GA
347'	ZU-GA-GA	ZUGAGAG
348'	ZU-GA-A	ZU-GA-A
349'	ZU-GA-MU	ZU-GA-MU
350'	ZU-GA-NI	ZU-GA-NI
351'	ZU-GA-NI-A	ZUGAN-NI-A
352'	ZU-HA-AR	ZU-HA-AR
353'	ZU-HA-UM	ZU-HA-UM
354'	ZU-HU-UL	ZU-HU-UL
355'	ZU-HU-UL-TUM	ZU-HU-UL-tUM
356'	ZU-GA-GI₄-TUM	ZU-GA-GI-TUM
357'	ZU-GA-GI₄-BU-UM	ZUGAG-GI₄.BUUM
368''	DA-DA	...,
369''	DA-A
370''	DA-DA-A	DA-DA-A
371''	DA-MU	my side
372''	DA-DA-MU	DA-DA-MU
373''	DA-DA-AN-NI	DA-AN-NI
374''	DA-A-A-AN-NI	DA-A-AN-NI
375''	DA-NI
376''	DA-NI-NI	DA-NI-NI
377''	DA-NI-A	DA-NI-A
378''	DA-NI-MU	DA-NI-MU
379''	DA-GU
380''	DA-GU-GU	DA-GU-GU
381''	DA-GU-A	DA-GU-A
382''	DA-GU-MU	DA-GU-MU
383''	DA-RI-BA-AM	DA-RI-BA
384''	DA-RI-NA-X-X	DARINA-...
385''	DA-RI-BA-AT-KU	DARIBA-AT-KU
386''	DA-X-X-X-X	...;
396'''	x RU-DA	...;
397'''	x MU	[x] years
398'''	x NI	...;
399'''	x NI-GIM	...;
400'''	x NI-GIM-HI	[x] ...;
401'''	x NI-HI	...;
402'''	x HI	...;

Sources & licences

Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)

Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-18.