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Fs Kraus 245-257 (P523765)
Legal, Old Babylonian, Sippar-Yahrurum · c. 1900 BCE–1600 BCE
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| Designation | Fs Kraus 245-257 |
|---|---|
| ID | P523765 |
| Museum no. | BM 082437 & BM 082437A |
| Collection | British Museum, London, UK |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Old Babylonian · c. 1900 BCE–1600 BCE |
| Genre | Legal |
| Find spot | Sippar-Yahrurum (mod. Tell Abu Habbah) |
| Coordinates | 33.0605, 44.2552 |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative · CDLI: reuse of catalogue/transliteration data with citation of CDLI; images restricted (not fetched)
Machine draft. The right-hand column is machine English from ixmon/atf-to-english (atf-en-t5base-F, 2026-10-17), generated line by line from the transliteration. It is unreviewed and is not a scholarly translation.
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| obverse | ||
| 1 | {disz}t,a3-ab-i-be2-nu-um | Ṭāb-ibnum, |
| 2 | _dumu_ qu2-ur2-qu2-ru-um | son of Qurqurum |
| 3 | a-na wa-ar-du-ti-im | to the future |
| 4 | a-na ki-ki-nu-um _ma2-lah5_ | to Kinum the boatman |
| 5 | ir-gu-um-ma | he set up, and |
| 6 | szu-ri-na-am sza {d}utu | a šurīnam of Šamaše |
| 7 | ki-ki-nu-um i-su2-uh2-ma | he removed the foundations, and |
| 8 | ru-gu-mu-szu | his guarantor |
| 9 | na-as2-hu-u2 | to remove, remove |
| 10 | ba-aq-ri a-hi-szu-u2 | “Baqrî (means) his brother. |
| 11 | ka-li-szu-nu-u2 | all of them |
| 12 | t,a3-ab-i-be2-nu-um | Ṭāb-ibbenum, |
| 13 | i-ta-na-pa-al | he keeps looking. |
| 14 | u3-la i-ta-ar-ma | he will not return, and |
| 15 | a-na ki-ki-nu-um | to Kinum |
| 16 | bi2-ti-szu u3 ma-ri-szu | his house and his wife |
| 17 | a-na wa-ar-du-ti-im | to the future |
| 18 | u3-la i-ra-ga-am | he will not return. |
| reverse | ||
| 1 | ni-isz-{d}utu | Niš-Utu, |
| 2 | u3 {d}marduk | and Marduk |
| 3 | ni-isz im-me-ru-um | “Like a wild cow, like a pig’s |
| 4 | u3 su-mu-le-el | and Sumu-lēl, |
| 5 | _in-pa3-de3-esz_ | they have sworn |
| 6 | _igi_ ia-qub-dingir | before Iaqub-ilum |
| 7 | _igi_ ia-asz2-ku-ur-dingir | before Yaškur-ilī |
| 8 | _igi_ pa-ri-du-um | before Parīdum |
| 9 | _dumu-mesz_ i-ba-AN-AN | sons of Iba-AN-AN |
| 10 | _igi_ {d}utu-i-in-ma-tim | before Šamaš-inmātim |
| 11 | _dumu_ ib-ni-{d}suen | son of Ibni-Sin |
| 12 | _igi_ me-ra-nu-um _szu-i_ | before Meranum, the barber |
| 13 | _igi_ {d}suen-e-ri-ba-am | before Sîn-erībam |
| 14 | _dumu_ ma-da-nim | son of Madanu |
| 15 | _igi_ su2-du-ru-um | before Sudurrum |
| 16 | _dumu_ i-din-{d}suen | son of Iddin-Sin |
| 17 | _igi_ s,i2-su2-na-wi-ra-at | before Ṣisunawirat |
| 18 | _dumu_ s,i-ir-s,i-ri-im | son of Ṣir-ṣrīm |
| left col 1 | ||
| 1 | _igi_ qu2-la-lu-um | before Qullalum |
| 2 | _igi_ qu2-ru-ud-ku-bi _dumu_ a-bi2-ra-a-ah | before Qurud-Kūbe, son of Abīraḫ |
| left col 2 | ||
| 1 | _mu abul_ {d}suen-ba-ni u2-di-szu-u2 | year: “The gate of Sîn-bāni was erected. |
| obverse | ||
| 1 | _dub_ szu-ri-na-am sza {d#}utu# | a tablet of šurīnum belonging to Šamaše |
| 2 | ki-ki-nu-um i-su2-uh2-ma | he removed the foundations, and |
| 3 | ku-nu-uk la ba-qa2-ri-szu | sealed documents, not to be altered |
| 4 | t,a3-ab-i-be2-nu-um | Ṭāb-ibbenum, |
| 5 | _dumu_ qu2-ur2-qu2-ru-um | son of Qurqurum |
| 6 | a-na ki-ki-nu-um _ma2-lah5_ | to Kinum the boatman |
| 7 | i-zi-ib | he will die. |
| 8 | a#-na# ba-aq-ri a-hi-szu | for the replacement of his brother |
| 9 | [ka]-li-szu-nu t,a3-ab-i-be2-nu-um-ma | all of them are glad, and |
| 10 | [i]-ta#-<na>-pa-al | he has sworn |
| 11 | [(sza) a]-na _u4 kur2 lu2 lu2-sze3_ | that in the future one against another |
| 12 | [ma-(an)]-ma#-an la-a i-ra-ga-mu | no one shall dispute it. |
| 13 | [le]-mu#-un {d}utu u3 im-me-ru-um | lord of Šamaš and Immerum |
| 14 | [le]-mu#-un {d}marduk | lord Marduk |
| 15 | [u3 su]-mu#-le-el it-[mu-u2] | and Sumulel heard. |
| 16 | [sza/la-a i-tu]-ru#-ma | another has returned, and |
| reverse | ||
| 1 | [a-na ki-ki-nu]-um | to Kinum |
| 2 | bi2#-ti-szu u3 ma-ri-szu-u2 | his house and his property |
| 3 | [a]-na wa-ar-du-ti-im | to the future |
| 4 | t,a3-ab-i-be2-nu-um la-a i-ra-ga-[mu] | Ṭāb-ibbenum will not be angry with me. |
| 5 | _igi_ ia-qu2-ub-dingir | before Iaqub-ilum |
| 6 | _igi_ ia-asz2-ku-ur-dingir | before Yaškur-ilī |
| 7 | _igi_ pa-ri-du-um | before Parīdum |
| 8 | _dumu-mesz_ i-ba-AN-AN | sons of Iba-AN-AN |
| 9 | _igi_ {d}utu-i-in-ma-tim | before Šamaš-inmātim |
| 10 | _dumu_ isz-me-{d}suen | son of Išme-Sin |
| 11 | _igi_ me-ra-nu-um _szu-i_ | before Meranum, the barber |
| 12 | _igi_ su2-du-ru-um _dumu_ i-din-{d}suen | before Sudurrum, son of Iddin-Sîn |
| 13 | _igi_ s,i2-su2-na-wi-ra-at | before Ṣisunawirat |
| 14 | _dumu_ s,i-ir-s,i-ri-im | son of Ṣir-ṣrīm |
| 15 | _igi_ qu2-ru-ud-ku-bi _dumu_ a-bi2-ra-a-ah | before Qurud-Kūbe, son of Abīraḫ |
| 16 | _igi_ {d}suen-e-ri-ba-am _dumu_ ma-da-nim | before Sîn-eribam, son of Madānum |
| 17 | _igi_ qu2-la-lu!-um ka-la-ma-hi-im | before Qullalum, the kalamaḫim |
| 18 | _igi_ nig2-{d}nanna dub-sar-munus | before Nig-Nanna, the scribe |
| 19 | _mu abul_ {d}suen-ba-ni puzur4-{d}sag-ku5 i-pu-szu-u2 | year: “The gate of Sîn-bāni, Puzur-Sagkug, they built. |
| seal 1 | ||
| 1 | {d}utu-i-in-ma#-tim# | Šamaš-inmātim |
| 2 | _dumu_ isz-me-{d}[suen] | son of Išme-Sin |
| seal 3 | ||
| 1 | {d}utu | for Utu, |
| 2 | {d}a-a | Aya |
Sources & licences
- Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative · CDLI: reuse of catalogue/transliteration data with citation of CDLI; images restricted (not fetched) · Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI), https://cdli.earth/ ; cite CDLI and the P-number
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-18.