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CDLI Literary 000760 (Debate between Hoe and Plough ) composite (P473753)

Literary, Old Babylonian · c. 1900 BCE–1600 BCE

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DesignationCDLI Literary 000760 (Debate between Hoe and Plough ) composite
IDP473753
LanguageSumerian
PeriodOld Babylonian · c. 1900 BCE–1600 BCE
GenreLiterary
Find spotuncertain (mod. uncertain)

Transliteration (ATF)

From Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative · CDLI: reuse of catalogue/transliteration data with citation of CDLI; images restricted (not fetched)

Machine draft. The right-hand column is machine English from ixmon/atf-to-english (atf-en-t5base-F, 2026-10-17), generated line by line from the transliteration. It is unreviewed and is not a scholarly translation.

LineATFMachine English (draft)
surface a
1e {gesz}al-e {gesz}al-e {gesz}al-e sa la2-e“Ha! The hoe, the hoe is tied to the knot!
2{gesz}al-e {gesz}asal2-e zu2 {gesz}ma-nu-eThe hoe, the date palm, the manu tree
3{gesz}al-e {gesz}szinig-e zu2 gesz-ab-ba-ke4The hoe, the šigû-wood, the tooth of the thornbush
4{gesz}al-e zu2 2(disz)-e zu2 4(disz)-eThe hoe, two times, four times
5{gesz}al-e dumu ukur3-ra sza3 {tug2}nig2-dara2 kar-reThe hoe, the son of the Ukur, the heart of the nigdara garment, the quay
6{gesz}al-e {gesz}apin-na du14 ga-na nam-mi-garThe hoe, the plow, he made a speech.
7{gesz}al-e {gesz}apin-na a-da-min3 du11-gaThe hoe, the plow, the equalizer of battle
8{gesz}al-e {gesz}apin-na gu3 am3-ma-de2-eThe hoe calls out in the plow
9{gesz}apin i3-gid2-de3-en gid2-da-zu nam-gu10I want to ride a plow, what is your length?
10i3-lagab-be2-en lagab-ba-zu nam-gu10I am a lagab-demon, your lagab is my fate.
11a u3-ba-ni-ib-e3 nu-mu-e-da-an-usz2-enYou will not drink water with him,
12sahar {gesz}dusu-e nu-mu-e-da-an-si-siThe dust of the šēdu-tree was not torn out
13im nu-bara2-e-en szeg12 nu-du3-e-enYou are not clay, you are not brick.
14usz ki nu-ga2-ga2-an e2 nu-du3-du3-enYou do not place blood on earth, you do not build a house.
15e2-gar8 sumun-na ur2-bi nu-us2-enI do not know the foundation of the old wall.
16ur3 lu2 zi-da-ke4 e2 nu-um-ga2-ga2-anThe lap of the righteous man does not set up a house.
17{gesz}apin sila dagal-la si nu-um-sa2-sa2-en“The plow does not set the horns in the broad street,
18{gesz}apin i3-gid2-de3-en gid2-da-zu nam-gu10I want to ride a plow, what is your length?
19i3-lagab-be2-en lagab-ba-zu nam-gu10I am a lagab-demon, your lagab is my fate.
20{gesz}apin-e {gesz}al-e gu3 am3-ma-de2-eThe plow calls out to the hoe
21ge26-e {gesz}apin-e a2 gal-e dim2-ma szu gal-e kesz2-daI, the plow, fashioned with great strength, bound with great hands
22sag-tun3 mah a-a {d}en-lil2-la2-me-enI am the supreme headdress of father Enlil
23engar zi nam-lu2-ulu3-me-enI am the true farmer of mankind.
24ezem-gu10 iti szu-numun-a a-sza3-ga ak-da-biMy festival, month: “Sowing,' it will be done in the field.
25lugal-e gu4 im-ma-ab-gaz-e udu im-ma-ab-szar2-reThe king kills oxen and slaughters sheep.
26kasz bur-ra-am3 mu-e-de2You pour beer into a bowl.
27lugal-e a ur4-a mu-e-de6The king brought in fresh water.
28{kusz}ub3 {kusz}a2-la2-e szeg11 szi-im-ma-gi4-gi4“Let him return the sandals and sandals to their places!
28a[...] x-na-DI-e-en... you should not ...
29lugal-e a2-gu10 szu bi2-in-du8The king took hold of my arm.
30gu4-gu10 {gesz}szudul-e si ba-ni-in-sa2My ox was placed on the yoke.
31bara2-bara2 gal-gal za3-gu10-ta im-da-su8-su8-ge-eszThey stand with me at the great dais, my side.
32kur-kur-re u6 du10-ge-esz mu-eAll the lands admire it.
33ug3-e igi hul2-la mu-un-szi-bar-bar-reThe people look at him with joy.
34ab-sin2 gub-ba-gu10 edin me-te-asz bi2-ib-gal2My furrows that stand in the steppe are set in order.
35iszin-na a-sza3-ga gal2-la-gu10-uszMy Išina, who is in the field,
36masz2-ansze lu-a {d}szakkan2-na im-szi-gam-e-de3-eszthey brought in the oxen and goats of Šakkan.
37sze sze6-ga2 kin-ga2 gub-ba-gu10-uszMy barley in the morning, in the work, standing ready.
37a{uruda}bulug-gur10 nig2 kal-ga a-da-min3 mu-eThe mighty copper kettledrum he drew up.
37bx x gur10 sze ba-ur4-a-ta... after the barley was sown.
38{dug}szakir3 {lu2}sipa-da du10 gar-ra-am3The šakir-vessel of the shepherd is good.
39zar-masz-gu10 a-gar3-ra sal-la-a-biMy zarmaš-birds, the salted ones of the meadows,
40udu {d}dumu-zi-da du10 gar-ra-am3The sheep of Dumuzi are good.
41du6-gu10 edin-na du8-du8-a-biIts mounds in the steppe,
42hur-sag sig7-ga hi-li gur3-ru-am3The green mountain range is full of allure.
43guru7-du6 guru7-masz-a {d}en-lil2-ra gu2 mu-un-na-ab-gur-reThe silos and silos were turned away for Enlil.
44ziz2 gig-bi gu2 mu-un-na-ra-dub-dub-be2Its bitter emmer heaps up for him.
45arah4 nam-lu2-ulu3-ka sze mi-ni-ib2-si-si-enIn the granary of humanity he makes the barley plentiful.
46nu-siki nu-mu-un-su {lu2}ki-gul-laThe nusiki priestess, the unemployed one, the destroyer of the enemy land
47gi-gur{ur3}-ra szu um-ma-ab-ti-eszthey seized the reed mats.
48an pad-pad-ra2-gu10 im-de5-de5-ge-neThey are dividing up my scattered heavens
49in-nu a-sza3-ga dub-dub-ba-gu10My ... of the field,
50nam-lu2-ulu3 im-da-gid2-gid2-de3-enHumanity, I will keep yelling at him.
51masz2-ansze {d}szakkan2-na lu-a-bi a2 mu-da-an-e3and the donkeys of Šakkan he led away with his arms.
52{gesz}al hul-bi buru3-da zu2 hul-bi bur12-raThe hoe, whose evil is to be plundered, its evil teeth are to be gnawed
53{gesz}al im-ma kin-ga2 la2-aThe hoe, the clay of my work,
54{gesz}al a-sza3-ga sag-bi im gar-raThe hoe of the field, its head set in clay
55{gesz}al u3 {gesz}u3-szub-ba im-ma u4 zal-la lu2-ulu3 nu-luh-haThe hoe and the shovel, when the daylight had passed, the man was not pacified
56pu2 ba-al sur3 ba-al lu2 en3-{d}ur-ra ba-alThe wells are emptied, the drains are empty, the man of En-Ura is emptified
57gesz szu ukur3-ra-ba szu nam-bara2-ga-ka nu-tum2-maThe tree in its groves is not suitable for the hand of the šandabakku.
58szu arad lu2-ka sag me-te-asz bi2-ib-gal2The hand of the slave of the man is present.
59za-e ga2-ra in gig mu-e-dub2You have smeared me with pain,
60ni2-zu ga2-da mu-da-ab-sa2-e-enYou set your mind to me.
61edin-sze3 e3-gu10-da igi hu-mu-un-du8-aMay he look at my coming out to the steppe.
61a{gesz}al-e {gesz}apin-na gur4?-ra-ni-sze3 nu-mu-un-xThe hoe, his plow, did not
62{gesz}apin sur3 ba-al-ba-al in-sze3 mu-e-dub2The plow is surrounded by a cloud, it trembles.
63{gesz}al-e {gesz}apin-na gu3 am3-ma-de2-eThe hoe calls out in the plow
64{gesz}apin tur-ra-gu10 nam-gu10 bulug3-ga2-gu10 nam-gu10 pesz10-gal2-la-gu10 nam-gu10My small plow, my fate, my growing, my destiny, my “sheep-tailed"(?), my fate
65ki {d}en-lil2-la2-ka dub-sag-zu ge26-e-me-enI am the scribe of the place of Enlil.
66e2 {d}en-lil2-la2-ka igi-sze3 ma-ra-ab-gub-be2-enI will stand before you in the house of Enlil.
67e i3-ak-en pa5 i3-ak-en“Ha! I do, I do!
68a-gar3-a-gar3-re a um-ma-si-si-inAfter you sprinkle water in the meadows,
69gesz-gi-gesz-gi-a a u3-mu-ni-in-de2-de2He pours water in the reed bed.
70{gesz}dusu tur-gu10 mu-da-ab-riMy small basket he brought with him.
71i7 u3-mu-e-ku5 pa5 u3-mu-e-ku5The river Umu’e-kug is a canal that is irrigated.
72i7 mah zi-ga-sze3 a um-ma-ni-riTo the great river that rises he sprinkled water.
73ambar-ra da um-da-ak-eIn the marshes he will kill me.
74ge26-e {gesz}al nigin2-bi im-da-gub-be2-enI stand with the hoe in its entirety.
75{tu15}u18-lu {tu15}mir-ra nu-mu-un-si-il-si-il-leThe south wind did not cool down in the west
76muszen-du3-e nunuz ib2-de5-de5-geThe fowler gathers the flocks.
77{lu2}szu-ku6-de3 ku6 mi-ni-ib-dab5-dab5-be2The fisherman seized the fish
78ug3-e {gesz}har-muszen-na szu im-ma-an-tiThe people took hold of the har-bird
79e-ne-esz2 he2-gal2-gu10 kur-kur-ra szu-bi he2-ni-ib-su3-su3They shall make my abundance surpass all the lands.
80a-gar3-ta a um-ta-hasz-a-taAfter you have poured water into the marsh,
81ki duru5 kin-ga2 ba-gal2-la-tafrom the place where the scepter of my work was present,
82{gesz}apin igi-zu-sze3 a-sza3-ga ge26-e ma-an-e11-de3I want to bring the plow before you into the field
83a-sza3 gal2 da13-da13 ge26-e ma-ra-ra-an-du8-eI will open the field for you, I will let you in.
84a2-ur2 e-ga ge26-e ma-ra-ra-an-ze2-enI will give you the ...
85u2-kul a-sza3-ga ge26-e ma-ra-ra-an-ga2-ga2-e-enI will put you in charge of the harvest of the field for you.
86{gesz}mud {gesz}i-ri9-na-bi a-sza3-ga ge26-e ma-ra-de5-de5-ge-enIts mud and irina trees, I will bring it to you in the field.
87a-sza3 kin a-ak us2-sa gar-ra-am3“The work of the field is done, the foundations are laid.
88gu4-zu 6(disz)-am3 lu2-zu 4(disz)-am3 u3 za-e sza3 1(u) 1(disz)-kam-ma-bi-me-enYour oxen are 6, your men are 4, and you are their 11th.
89a2 sa-gi4-a GAN2-ta mi-ni-ib-kar-kar-reThe saggiŋ labor of the field is torn out.
90ni2-zu ga2-a-da mu-da-ab-sa2-eYou set your mind to me.
91bar-gu10-ta a-sza3-ga e3-de3-da-zu-neWhen you go out from my body to the field,
92ab-sin2-zu dili-am3 igi x x-da-ab-sa6-geYour furrow is a single one ...
93sag-zu kin-ga2 u3-mu-e-ni-ri-enI want to bring your head to the work for you.
94{gesz}i-ri8-na {gesz}kiszi16 u3-mu-e-ni-la2I planted a date palm in its orchard.
95{gesz}zu2-zu mu-e-ku5 {gesz}zu2-zu u3-mu-e-du3You cut your limbs, you made your tendons strong.
96{gesz}zu2-zu szu-zu-sze3 nu-im-mi-la2Your limbs were not brought to your hand.
97engar-zu {gesz}apin-bi til-la mu-sze3 mi-ri-ib2-sa4-sa4Your farmer will call your plow “it is finished!"
982(disz)-kam-ma-sze3 nagar ma-ra-hun-e lu2 ma-ra-ab-xFor the 2nd time the carpenter hired me, the man hired me.
99e2 nam-gaszam-ke4 ma-ra-ab-ni10-ni10-eThe house of the power-of-magic is being made perfect for you.
100tug2-du8 bar SZUL ma-ra-ra-an-ze2-enI will give you a cloak, a protective spirit.
101nig2-bar-sur-ra ma-ra-ra-an-e11-nethey will bring him into a trap.
102{kusz}bar-e11-da-bar-e11-da szu-mu-ra-an-kusz2-u3-neWhen you remove the sandals,
103kusz nu-du10 sag-du-zu bi2-ib-garYou have set your head on a sandal that is not good.
104il2-la-zu tur-ra-am3 a-ra2-zu mah-am3Your raising is small, your supplication is supreme.
105u4 za3-gu10 iti 1(u) 2(disz)-am3The day of my shoulder is 12 months.
106u4 gub-ba-zu iti 4(disz)-am3your days of service are 4 months,
107u4 sah6-zu iti 8(disz)-am3the days of your saḫŋzu-festival, 8 months
108gub-ba-zu-gin7 2(disz)-am3 ba-du-unlike your stationed servants, you have built two of them.
109{gesz}ma2-la2-za e2 i3-du3-du3-e-enYou have built a house on your boat
110u3-mu-e-ni-ri-en szu-zu {gesz}dal-a u3-mu-e-ni-bur12Umunirīn, your hand is a dala instrument, umunibur
111igi-zu dug gesztin-na-gin7 a im-ta-suh-enYour eye is watered like a wine vessel.
112{gesz}dal-ta kur-ra um-ta-ak-enAfter you have smashed the mountain with a bolt,
113i-bi2-gu10 e2-a mu-ni-in-sig7-sig7-enMy eyes gleam in the house.
114{gesz}ninda2-zu me-am3 gurud-da-biWhere is your bread made?
115lu2 gurud-da-zu gu2-guru5 ba-ab-du11The one who is your guruda priest has smashed the guguru priest
116{gesz}szu-kar2 sug-za3-ge4 gu7-aa šukar tree eating at the edge of the marsh
117ge26-e {gesz}al-me-en iri{ki}-a ga-an-tiI am the hoe, I want to live in the city
118lu2 nam-me dugud-da-me-enI am a person whose fate is difficult.
119arad lugal-a-ni-ir us2-sa-me-enI am the servant of his king.
120e2 lugal-a-ni-ir du3-du3-a-me-enI am the builder of his king's house.
121e2 tur3 gid2-da-me-en amasz dagal-la-me-enI am the one who keeps the cattlepen alive, I am one who broadens the sheepfold.
122im i3-bara2-en szeg12 i3-du3-du3-enI will pour clay, I will build bricks.
123usz ki i3-ga2-ga2-an e2 i3-du3-du3-enI set the foundations on the earth, I build houses.
124e2-gar8 sumun-na ur2-bi i3-us2-enI sat down on the foundation of the old wall.
125ur3 lu2 zi-da-ka e2 im-ma-ga2-ga2-anIn the lap of the righteous man he built a house.
126{gesz}al-me-en sila dagal-la si im-ma-sa2-sa2-e-enI am the hoe, I set the streets in order in a broad way.
127iri{ki} u3-mu-nigin2 bad3 gi um-mi-du3In the city, he built a wall like a reed.
128e2 dingir gal-gal-e-ne-ka pa e3 u3-ba-ni-akIn the house of the great gods he made it appear resplendently.
129im su4 im sig7 im dal-ha-mun-na mi2 um-ma-ni-in-du11He adorned it with a red-purple clay, a yellow-green clay, and a colorful clay.
130iri{ki} e2-gal-la-ka i3-du3-e-enI built the city of the palace.
131ugula nu-banda3-e-ne dur2 i-im-ga2-ga2-nethe foreman and the overseers will sit down.
132im gig-bi du3-a im BU-bi dugud-daIts bitter clay, its heavy clay,
133e2 du3-du3-a-ga2 a2 sed4-bi-sze3 ni2 he2-em-szi-ib-te-en-te-enIn my built-up house, may he calm down with his cool arms.
134gu2 izi-ka {gesz}al um-ma-zal-la za3 gu2 um-ma-ab-la2After the hoe has been smashed in the fire, after it has been plundered,
135e-ne sug4-ga-ni nu-mu-e-szi-du-un(Sum) She does not dwell in her dwelling place (Akk) The one who dwells in his dwelling place I do not dwell
136mu-ni-ib-gu7-u3-ne mu-ni-ib-na8-na8-neWhen they eat, they libate.
137addir-ra-ni mu-na-ab-szum2-mu-nethey will give him his scepter.
138gurusz-ra dam dumu-ni a2 mu-un-da-an-e3For the young man, his spouse and child came out at his side.
139ma2-lah5-ra gir4 mu-na-du3-e esir2 mu-na-bil-bilFor the boatman, he built a sluice for him and carried it with rope for him.
140{gesz}ma2-gur8 {gesz}ma2-gi4-lum u3-mu-na-du3I built for him a barge and a boat.
141ma2-lah5-ra dam dumu-ni a2 mu-un-da-an-e3He brought out the arms of the boatman, his wife and child.
142lugal-ra {gesz}kiri6 mu-un-na-ab-gub-be2-enI stand for the king in the orchard.
143{gesz}kiri6 u3-mu-un-nigin2 im-du3-a za3-bi u3-bi2-in-dab5 gu3 tesz2-a u3-bi2-in-se3-ge5The orchard that he had planted was irrigated, it was seized at its edge and it was shouted at each other.
144ug3-e {gesz}al-e szu im-ma-an-ti-eszThe people took hold of the hoe
145pu2-ba u3-mu-ba-al mu-gu2 um-mi-du3In its wells he poured out water, he built it.
146{gesz}zi-ri2-gum u3-bi2-in-du3 mu2-sar-re si im-sa2-sa2-e-enHe built a ziggurat, he arranged the inscription there.
147ge26-e-me-en mu2-sar-ra a bi2-ib2-se3-se3-ge-enI am the one who makes the inscribed object resplendent.
148{gesz}haszhur u3-mu-bulug3-ge26 nig2-sa-ha am3-e3The apple tree grows and spreads out a net.
149nig2-sa-ha-bi e2 dingir gal-gal-e-ne-ka me-te-asz im-mi-ib-gal2Its ritual in the house of the great gods is appropriate.
150nu-{gesz}kiri6-ke4 dam dumu-ni a2 mu-un-da-an-e3The orchardist gave orders to his wife and child.
151i7-da gesz-kesz2-da um-mi-ak giri3 si um-mi-sa2In the river he made a boat, he set foot on the right.
152ki-ba an-za-gar3 gu2-ba um-mi-du3At that place, I built the tower on its bank.
153lu2 a-sza3-ga u4 ba-an-da-zal-laThe one who spent the day in the field,
154gurusz a-sza3-ga ge6 ba-an-da-sa2-aThe young man in the field has been placed with him for the night
155an-za-gar3-ba um-mi-e11-de3In order to reach the horizon,
156lu2-bi iri{ki} du3-a-ni zi-ni ba-szi-in-tum3This man took away his life from his built city.
157{kusz}ummu u3-mu-dim2 a mu-na-de2-eHe fashioned a scepter for him and poured water for him.
158zi-ni sza3-ba mu-na-ga2-ga2-anhe will put his life in it for him.
159{gesz}apin sur3 ba-al-ba-al in-sze3 mu-e-dub2The plow is surrounded by a cloud, it trembles.
160edin bar-rim4 ki a nu-gal2-laThe outer steppe, a place without water,
161a du10-ga-bi u3-mu-ba-alI will pour out sweet water for you.
162lu2 enmen tuku gu2 pu2-ga2-sze3 zi-ni ba-szi-in-tum3The one who has enmen, he brought his life to the bank of the well.
163i3-ne-esz2 lu2-u3-ra a-na na-an-du11Now, what should I say to the man?
164lu2 lu2-u3-ra dili a-na na-an-tah“Do not turn a single man into another man!
165sipa-de3 u8 sila4-a-ni edin me-te-asz bi2-ib-gal2The shepherd puts his ewe and lamb in a suitable steppe.
166u4 an-ne2 sag2 ba-ab-du11-ga-taafter the storm that An had smashed,
167ki-en-gi a gig ba-ab-du11-ga-taAfter Sumer was soaked in bitter water,
168e2 du3 i7-da szu mu-ni-in-la2-a-baWhen he had completed the built house in the river,
169{d}en-lil2-le ma-da sag-ki ba-da-gid2-da-a-baWhen Enlil had sworn by the land
170buru14 {d}en-lil2-le mu-un-su-a-taafter the harvest which Enlil had brought in,
171mah {d}en-lil2-le mu-un-ak-a-taAfter Enlil had performed the great rituals,
172{d}en-lil2-le szu nu-me-en-dagEnlil did not abandon him.
173{gesz}al zu2 dili bar-rim4-sze3 ba-an-szum2He gave the hoe, the single tooth, to the outside.
174me-en-de3 en-te-en buru14-gin7 mu-e-la2How long will you be confined like a harvest?
175szu e2-me-esz en-te-na-ke4 mu-na-kar-kar-re-en-de3-enWe will take the hand of the en priestess for him in the temple.
176{gesz}al-e a2 la2-e garadinx(|GAD&GAD.NIG2&NIG2|) mu-un-la2The hoe slashed its arms and carried off the garadin weapon.
177{gesz}har-muszen-na a2 la2-e gi-gur{ur3}-ra mu-un-la2The har-bird stretched its wings over the reed screen.
178gurusz sag-dili {lu2}ki-gul-la a2 mu-un-da-an-e3The single male worker, the destroyer of the enemy, came out.
178aan pad-pad-ra2 im-de5-de5-ge-neThey were making heavens tremble.
179u4-bi-a u4-de3 gu3 he2-eb-be2At that time, the storm roared.
180{na4}kin2 ma-nu2 {gesz}naga4 ma-du7-du7he laid out a stela for me, he decorated it with stone.
181gesz-gan-na-ta tu10 mu-un-ak-eFrom the threshing floor he blows the wind.
182{gesz}ag4-sur {gi}ma-an-sim-bi a-da-min3 mu-da-akThe scepter and the reed basket he smashed.
183lu2 sumur-ra-sze3 a-na-am3 ab-ak„Was mache ich für einen großen Mann?
184{d}ezina2 gu2-zu a-na-asz mu-ni-in-szubEzina, why have you abandoned your neck?
185sze sze6-ga2 a-na-asz mu bi2-ib-su-su-unWhy do they divide the years between my barley and my grain?
186{d}en-lil2-le {gesz}al gu3 am3-ma-de2-eEnlil calls out with his hoe
187{gesz}al mah-bi nam-ba-e-de3-sumur-re-de3-enDo not raise the great hoe!
188mah-bi gu2-zu nam-ba-e-de3-szub-baDo not abandon this magnificent thing!
189{gesz}al-e {d}nisaba ugula-a-ni na-nam {d}nisaba nu-banda3-a-ni na-namThe hoe is Nisaba's overseer, indeed, Niisaba his overseer is indeed.
190dub-sar-e kin szu-mu-un-il2 kin szu-mu-un-il2The scribe raises his hands, raises arms.
191{gesz}al-e 5(disz) gin2 {gesz}al-e 1(u) gin2 nig2-ka9 ha-ra-ab-akThe hoe is 5 shekels, the hoe (is) 10 (shekels) of account. May it be done for you.
192{gesz}al-e 1/3(disz) ma-na {gesz}al-e 1/2(disz) ma-na nig2-ka9 ha-ra-ab-akThe hoe is 1/3 mana, the hoe 1/2 mana. The accounts shall be made for you.
193geme2-gin7 gub-ba esz2-gar3 i3-ga2-ga2-anhe will set up an ešŋar agreement for it.
194{gesz}al-e {gesz}apin-na a-da-min3 du11-gaThe hoe, the plow, the equalizer of battle
195{gesz}al-e {gesz}apin-na dirig-ga-baWhen the hoe was above the plow
196{d}nisaba za3-mi2Nisaba, praise!

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Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-18.