In Math
Early field and bread arithmetic (AoF 39, 222)
Early Dynastic IIIb computations from Zabalam.
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| Designation | AoF 39, 222 |
|---|---|
| Museum no. | Anonymous 464229 |
| Collection | anonymous |
| Language | Sumerian |
| Period | ED IIIb |
| Genre | Mathematical |
| Provenience | Zabalam (mod. Tall Ibzaīykh) |
| Findspot | 31.7436, 45.8749 |
| CDLI no. | P464229 |
| Source | Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative — CDLI: reuse of catalogue/transliteration data with citation of CDLI; images restricted (not fetched) |
| Lines | 95 (93 with machine English) |
| Font | NotoSansCuneiform (generic face, any period), by Google / Monotype Design Team (Noto project) |
Machine draft. English generated by model atf-en-best-v2 (montycrypto/atf-to-english) (version d871547f92875415dbbc7f4a37fd65e35f8ac97d) on 2026-10-05, line by line from the ATF. Not a scholarly translation.
| Line | ATF | Cuneiform | English (machine draft) |
|---|---|---|---|
| obverse col 1 | |||
| 1.a1 | 1(gesz'u@c) {ninda#}nindax(DU)#? sag | · · 𒊕 | 60 ninda breads |
| 1.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 10.00 (600) (ninda) squared: |
| 1.b | 3(szar2@c) 2(bur'u@c) | · · | 3,200 (bur'u) |
| 2.a1 | 9(gesz2@c) | · | 960 (ninda) |
| 2.a2 | 9(gesz2@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 960 (ninda) squared: |
| 2.b | 2(szar2@c) 4(bur'u@c) 2(bur3@c) | · · · | 142 bur3 |
| 3.a1 | 8(gesz2@c) | · | 480 (ninda) |
| 3.a2 | 8(gesz2@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 8.00 (480) (ninda) squared: |
| 3.b | 2(szar2@c) 8(bur3@c) | · · | 68 bur3; |
| 4.a1 | 7(gesz2@c) | · | 420 (head-gur) |
| 4.a2 | 7(gesz2@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 420 (ninda) squared: |
| 4.b | 1(szar2@c) 3(bur'u@c) 8(bur3@c) | · · · | 88 bur3 |
| 5.a1 | 6(gesz2@c) | · | 360 |
| 5.a2 | 6(gesz2@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 360 (ninda) squared: |
| 5.b | 1(szar2@c) 1(bur'u@c) 2(bur3@c) | · · · | 102 bur3 |
| 6.a1 | 5(gesz2@c) | · | 300 |
| 6.a2 | 5(gesz2@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 300 (ninda) squared: |
| 6.b | 5(bur'u@c) | · | 50 bur3 |
| 7.a1 | 4(gesz2@c) | · | (total:) 180. |
| 7.a2 | 4(gesz2@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 240 (ninda) squared: |
| 7.b | 3(bur'u@c) 2(bur3@c) | · · | 32 bur3 |
| 8.a1 | 3(gesz2@c) | · | 180. |
| 8.a2 | 3(gesz2@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 180 (ninda) squared: |
| 8.b | 1(bur'u@c) 8(bur3@c) | · · | 18 bur3 |
| 9.a1 | 2(gesz2@c) | · | 120 |
| 9.a2 | 2(gesz2@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 120 (ninda) squared: |
| 9.b | 8(bur3@c) | · | 8 bur3 |
| 10.a1 | 1(gesz2@c) | · | 60 |
| 10.a2 | 1(gesz2@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 60 (ninda) squared: |
| 10.b | 2(bur3@c) | · | 2 bur3 |
| 11.a1 | 5(u@c) | · | 50 |
| 11.a2 | 5(u@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 50 (ninda) squared: |
| 11.b | 1(bur3@c) 1(esze3@c) 1(iku@c) | · · · | 1 bur3 1 ee3 1 iku |
| 12.a1 | 4(u@c) | · | 40 |
| 12.a2 | 4(u@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 40 (ninda) squared: |
| 12.b | 2(esze3@c) 4(iku@c) | · · | 2 ee3 4 iku |
| 13.a1 | 3(u@c) | · | (total:) 30, |
| 13.a2 | 3(u@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 30 (ninda) squared: |
| 13.b | 1(esze3@c) 3(iku@c) | · · | 1 ee3 3 iku |
| 14.a1 | 2(u@c) | · | 20 |
| 14.a2 | 2(u@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 20 (ninda) squared: |
| 14.b | 4(iku@c) | · | 4 iku |
| 15.a1 | 1(u@c)# | · | (total:) 10. |
| 15.a2 | 1(u@c)# sa2# | · 𒊓 | 10 (ninda) squared: |
| 15.b | 1(iku@c) | · | 1 iku |
| 16.a1 | [5(asz@c)] | · | 5 (head-gur) |
| 16.a2 | 5(asz@c) sa2 | · 𒊓 | 5 (ninda) squared: |
| 16.b | 1/4(iku@c) | · | 1/4 iku |
| obverse col 2 | |||
| 1.a1 | 1(u@c) {ninda}nindax(DU) sag | · · 𒊕 | 10 top quality ninda breads |
| 1.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki# | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 1.b | [3(bur3@c) 1(esze3@c)] | · · | 3 bur3 1 ee3 |
| 2.a1 | 9(asz@c) | · | 9 |
| 2.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 2.b | 3(bur3@c)# | · | 3 bur3 |
| 3.a1 | 8(asz@c) | · | 8, |
| 3.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 3.b | 2(bur3@c) 2(esze3@c)# | · · | 2 bur3 2 ee3 |
| 4.a1 | 7(asz@c) | · | 7 |
| 4.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 4.b | 2(bur3@c) 1(esze3@c) | · · | 2 bur3 1 ee3 |
| 5.a1 | 6(asz@c) | · | 6 |
| 5.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 5.b | 2(bur3@c) | · | 2 bur3 |
| 6.a1 | 5(asz@c) | · | 5 (gur) |
| 6.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 6.b | 1(bur3@c) 2(esze3@c) | · · | 1 bur3 2 ee3 |
| 7.a1 | 4(asz@c) | · | 4 (gur) |
| 7.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 7.b | 1(bur3@c)# 1(esze3@c)# | · · | 1 bur3 1 ee3 |
| 8.a1 | 3(asz@c) | · | 3 (gur) |
| 8.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 8.b | 1(bur3@c) | · | 1 bur3 |
| 9.a1 | 2(asz@c) | · | 2: |
| 9.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 9.b | 2(esze3@c) | · | 2 ee3 |
| 10.a1 | 1(asz@c) | · | 1: |
| 10.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 10.b | 1(esze3@c) | · | 1 ee3 |
| 11.a1 | 3(asz@c) ur2 hal-la | · 𒌫 𒄬𒆷 | 3 “ur” halla-vessels |
| 11.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 11.b | 4(iku@c) 1/2(iku@c) | · · | 4 1/2 iku |
| 12.a1 | 2(asz@c) ur2 hal-la | · 𒌫 𒄬𒆷 | 2 hula-vessels |
| 12.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 12.b | 3(iku@c)# | · | 3 iku |
| 13.a1 | 1(asz@c) ur2 hal-la | · 𒌫 𒄬𒆷 | 1 'base' of halla |
| 13.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 13.b | 1(iku@c) 1/2(iku@c) | · · | 1 1/2 iku |
| 14.a1 | 1(asz@c) kusz3 numun | · · 𒆰 | 1 cubit, the seed |
| 14.a2 | 1(gesz'u@c) ki | · 𒆠 | 610 (ninda) with |
| 14.b | 1(iku@c) | · | 1 iku |
| 15 | sanga ur#-{d}inanna sanga zabalam4# | 𒋃 𒋺· 𒋃 𒈹𒍝𒀕 | temple administrator of Ur-Inanna, temple administrator of Zabalam. |
| reverse col 2 | |||
| 1 | [...] | · | |
| 2 | 2(szar2@c) 5(bur'u@c) [...] | · · | 115 bur3 |
| 3 | [...] | · | |
| 4 | 1(bur'u@c) 6(bur3@c)# [...] | · · | 16 bur3 |