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Edinburgh 44 (P453239)
Legal, Early Old Babylonian, Kish · c. 2000 BCE–1900 BCE
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| Designation | Edinburgh 44 |
|---|---|
| ID | P453239 |
| Museum no. | NMS A.1911.203.16 |
| Collection | National Museums Scotland, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Early Old Babylonian · c. 2000 BCE–1900 BCE |
| Genre | Legal |
| Find spot | Kish (mod. Tell Uhaimir) |
| Coordinates | 32.5520, 44.5853 |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative · CDLI: reuse of catalogue/transliteration data with citation of CDLI; images restricted (not fetched)
Machine draft. The right-hand column is machine English from ixmon/atf-to-english (atf-en-t5base-F, 2026-10-17), generated line by line from the transliteration. It is unreviewed and is not a scholarly translation.
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| obverse | ||
| 1 | _n# GAN2# 4(disz) sar# a-sza3 hi-a_ | n hectares 4 sar of arable land |
| 2 | _[da a]-sza3#?_ er3#-ra#-ga-sze-er | adjacent to the field Erragašer |
| 3 | u3 _da_ [x (x)]-x | and beside ... |
| 4 | _1/2(iku) GAN2 3(disz) [sar] {gesz#}kiri6_ | 1/2 iku field, 3 sar, orchard |
| 5 | _da_ er3#?-[ra-ga-sze]-er | next to Erra-gašer |
| 6 | u3 _da#_ [...]-bi#? | and next to ... |
| 7 | _sa10 [til-la-ni]-sze3#_ | as his purchase price |
| 8 | _1(disz) ma-na [ku3-babbar] in#-na-la2_ | 1 mina of silver he paid. |
| 9 | _ki_ i-bi-{d}en-[lil2] | from Ibbi-Enlil |
| reverse | ||
| 1 | szum-szu-nu-wa-tar2 | Šumšinu-watar, |
| 2 | _in-szi-sa10_ | bought. |
| 3 | _gesz-gan-na ib2-ta-bala_ | a threshing floor he crossed |
| 4 | _mu lugal-bi in-pa3_ | the year in which the king swore |
| 5 | _igi_ ku-da-nu-um | before Kudanum |
| 6 | _igi_ im-di-er3-ra | before Imdi-Erra |
| 7 | _igi_ er3-ra-ga-sze-er | before Erra-gašer |
| 8 | _igi_ dingir-szu-ba-ni | before Ilšu-bani |
| 9 | _igi_ ha-si-qum | before Hasiqum |
| 10 | _igi_ s,i-su2-na-aw-ra-at | before Ṣisunawrat |
| 11 | _mu ka-zal-lu{ki} ba-an-dab#_ | year: “Kazallu was seized. |
| seal 1 | ||
| 1 | i-bi-{d}en-lil2 | Ibbi-Enlil, |
| 2 | dumu ba-zi-nu-um | son of Bazinum, |
Sources & licences
- Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative · CDLI: reuse of catalogue/transliteration data with citation of CDLI; images restricted (not fetched) · Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI), https://cdli.earth/ ; cite CDLI and the P-number
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-18.