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EA 001 (P270887)
letter, Middle Babylonian, Akhetaten · c. 1400 BCE–1100 BCE
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| Designation | EA 001 |
|---|---|
| ID | P270887 |
| Museum no. | BM 029784(Egypt) |
| Collection | British Museum, London, UK |
| Language | Akkadian |
| Period | Middle Babylonian · c. 1400 BCE–1100 BCE |
| Genre | letter |
| Find spot | Akhetaten (mod. el-Amarna) |
| Coordinates | 27.6400, 30.8959 |
Transliteration (ATF)
From Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative · CDLI: reuse of catalogue/transliteration data with citation of CDLI; images restricted (not fetched)
Machine draft. The right-hand column is machine English from ixmon/atf-to-english (atf-en-t5base-F, 2026-10-17), generated line by line from the transliteration. It is unreviewed and is not a scholarly translation.
| Line | ATF | Machine English (draft) |
|---|---|---|
| obverse | ||
| 1 | [a]-na# {disz}ka-da!-asz!-ma-an-en-lil2 _lugal kur_ ka-ra-an-du-ni#-sze! | to Kadašman-Enlil, king of the land of Karanduni |
| 2 | _szesz#_-ia qi2-bi2-ma um-ma {disz}ni-ib-mu-a-re-a _lugal gal_ | my brother, speak! Thus Nibmu-araya, the great king: |
| 3 | _lugal kur_ mi-is,-ri-i{ki} _szesz_-ka-ma a-na mah-ri-ia szul-mu | king of the land of Mīṣri, your brother, may it be well with me. |
| 4 | a-na mah-ri-ka lu-u2 szul-mu a-na _e2_-ka a-na _dam-mesz_-ka | May it be well with you! May your house and your wives be well! |
| 5 | a-na _dumu-mesz_-ka a-na _lu2-mesz gal-gal-mesz_-ka _ansze-kur-ra-mesz_-ka | to your sons, your great men, your horses |
| 6 | _{gesz}gigir-mesz_-ka a-na lib3-bi _kur-kur_-ka da-an-ni-isz lu-u2 szul-mu | May your chariots be very well with your lands. |
| 7 | a-na ia-a-szi szul-mu a-na _e2_-ia a-na _dam-mesz_-ia a-na _dumu-mesz_-ia | To me, well-being to my house, my wife, my sons. |
| 8 | a-na _lu2-mesz gal-gal-mesz_-ia _ansze-kur-ra-mesz_-ia _{gesz}gigir-mesz_ | to my great men, my horses and chariots |
| 9 | _erin2-mesz_-<ia> ma-ad szul-mu u3 <a-na> lib3-bi _kur-kur_-ia ma-gal szul-mu | Your troops are very well; and the heart of my lands is very well. |
| 10 | a-nu-um-ma asz-te-me a-wa-ta5 sza ta-asz-pu-ra _ugu_-sze a-na ia-szi | Now, I have heard the words that you wrote to me concerning him. |
| 11 | um-ma-a-mi a-nu-um-ma tu-ba-a _dumu-munus_-ia a-na _dam_-ut-ti-ka | Thus (says) the following: Now, turn my daughter into your wife. |
| 12 | u3 a-ha-ti-ia sza id-di-na-ku a-bi-ia asz-ra-nu it-ti-ka | And my brothers, whom they gave to you, my father, are with you. |
| 13 | u3 ma-am-ma u2-ul i-mu-ur-szi i-na-an-na szum-ma ba-al#-t,a2-at# | And nobody will ever see her. Now, if she is healthy |
| 14 | szum-ma mi-ta-at sza ta-asz-pu-ra-an-ni i-na lib3-bi _dub_-ka | If it is a crime that you wrote to me, in your tablet |
| 15 | an-nu-tu4 a-wa-ti2-ka u3 im-ma-ti ta-asz-pu-ra _lu2_-ka _dugud_ | these words of yours and mysticism you wrote to me, your man a heavy burden |
| 16 | sza i-de4 a-ha-at-ka# sza i-dab2-bu-ub it-ti-sze | who knows your side, who speaks with him |
| 17 | u3 u2-ma-an-de-s,ix(SZE) u3 li-id-bu-ub it-ti-sze | and he will bring out and speak with him. |
| 18 | _lu2-mesz_ sza ta-sza-ap-pa-ra ri-i-qa _{lu2}dumu-kin_-ri# | The men about whom you wrote a report, the messenger |
| 19 | sza {disz}za-qa-ra 1(disz)-en _{lu2}sipa ansze-hi-a_ sza# _kur#_ [... sza]-nu#-u2 | of Zaqarra, one shepherd of the horses of the land ... another |
| 20 | i-ia-nu 1(disz)-en lib3-bi-szu-nu# sza# [i-de4-sze] sza# qe2-ri-ib | “There is one of their heart, which is inside |
| 21 | a-na a-bi-ka u3 sza# [u2-ma-an-de-sze] ap-pu-na-ma | I will write to your father and that he will give to you, and |
| 22 | _{lu2-mesz}dumu-kin_-ri sza# i-[tu-ru] it#-ti-ka u3 [iq-ta]-bi szi-i | The messengers who returned with you have said: |
| 23 | [la-a] a-ha-at-ka# [i-ia-nu] lib3-bi-szi-na# [i-de4]-a-szi | There is no feudal service for you, but their heart knows us. |
| 24 | [u3 i-qa-ba-ak-ku] ap#-pu-[na-ma szal-ma-at]-ma u3 TI na-din | And he will say to you: "I will open it and it is safe," and the money is paid completely. |
| 25 | [mi-ma] a-na# _szu_-ti#-[szu a]-na la-qi2#-[szu] a#-na um-mi-sze | Whatever pertains to his possession, to his laquishment, to the mother |
| 26 | u3 i-nu-ma ta-asz-pu-ra um-ma-a#-mi ta-aq-ta-bi-mi | And when you wrote, saying, "You told me" |
| 27 | a-na _{lu2-mesz}dumu-[kin]_-ia u3 _dam-mesz_-ka pu-hu-ru3 iz-za-a-zu | to my messengers and your wives they shall serve. |
| 28 | i-na pa-ni-ka um-ma-a a-mur be-el-ti-ku-nu sza iz-za-az | "Before you, see your lady who is standing. |
| 29 | i-na pa-ni-ku-nu u3 _{lu2-mesz}dumu-kin_-ia u2-ul i-de4-szi | before you and my witnesses he did not know. |
| 30 | szi-i a-ha-ti-ia sza ki-ka-sza a-nu-um-ma at-ta-ma | “She is my brother, who is her sister’s brother. Now you, |
| 31 | ta-asz-pu-ra um-ma-a u2-ul i-du-szi _{lu2-mesz}dumu-kin_-ia | You wrote to me: "I do not know her." My messengers |
| 32 | u3 ma-an-nu u2!-me2-di-szi-ma ta-qa-ab-bi am-mi-ni# | And who is it that you say to her why? |
| 33 | la ta-szap-pa-ra _lu2_-ka _dugud_ sza i-qab2-ba-ku a-wa-at ki-ti | Do not write to me, your man, the heavy one who says: “The word of the kītu |
| 34 | szu-ul-ma-ni sza a-ha-ti-ka sza an-ni-ka-a | The well-being of your brothers, which is here, |
| 35 | u3 ta-qa-ap sza ir-ru-ub a-na a!(NA)-ma-ri!(RA) _e2_-sze | and you will say that he entered the house. |
| 36 | u3 t,e4-em-sze it-ti _lugal_ u3 i-nu-ma ta-asz-pu-ra | and a report concerning the king, and when you wrote |
| 37 | um-ma-a-mi mi-in4-de _dumu-munus_ 1(disz)-en mu-usz-ke-nu | My mother, what did I say? One daughter, a muškenu |
| 38 | u3 szum-ma 1(disz)-en _kur_ ga-<asz>-ga-ia szum-ma _dumu-munus kur_ ha-ni-gal9-bat-ia!(I) | and if a woman from the land of Ganigalbatia |
| 39 | u3 mi-in4-de sza _kur_ u2-ga-ri-it{ki#} sza i-mu-ru3 | and what of the land of Ugarit which they saw |
| 40 | _{lu2-mesz}dumu-mesz-kin_-ia u3 ma-an-nu i-qa-ap-szu-nu | my messengers, and who will approach them? |
| 41 | sza ki-ka-sza an#-[ni]-<tu> u2-ul ip-te9# pi2-sze | he did not open the mouth of this woman. |
| 42 | u3 mi-im-ma u2-ul i-qa-ap-szu-[nu u3] an-nu-tu4 | and nothing will come near them, and these |
| 43 | a-wa-ti2-ka u3 szum-ma mi-ta-at# [a-ha-at]-ka# | Your words and if the fault of your neighbor |
| 44 | u3 ma-mi-nu u2-ka-ta-mu mu#-[ta-sze u3 ma-mi-nu] | and he will pay back the money he owes. |
| 45 | nu-sze-zi-iz sza-ni-[ta ... i-de4] | We stood by him, secondly he knew. |
| 46 | [...] {d}a-ma-nu-um a-[ha-at-ka bal-t,a2-at] | ... Amānum, your brother is alive |
| 47 | [a]-ha-at _dam_-ti ra-[bi-ti asz-ku-un-sze] | I imposed upon him the share of the great wife. |
| 48 | [a]-na# be-el-ti _e2_-ti# [...] | To the lady of the house . . |
| 49 | [1(disz)] kal2-la-ti sza i-[...] | 1 kallātu-garment that ... |
| reverse | ||
| 1 | _ugu_ ka-li _dam-mesz#_-[ia ...] | Concerning the totality of my wives ... |
| 2 | sza _lugal-mesz_ sza _kur_ mi-is,-ri#-[i ...] | of the kings of Egypt ... |
| 3 | i-na _kur_ mi-[is,]-ri#-i u3 i-nu-ma ta#-asz#-pu#-ra# um-ma#-a | in the land of Mishrî, and when you wrote me, saying: |
| 4 | _dumu-munus-mesz_-ia# sza# i-na _dam_-ut-ti it-ti _lugal-mesz_ sza li!#-me!#-ti!#-[ia] | My daughters who were slaves with the kings of my time |
| 5 | u3 szum-ma [i-la-ku] _{lu2-mesz}dumu-kin_-ia asz-ra-nu u3 i-dab2-bu-bu | and if he goes, my messengers shall serve as witnesses. |
| 6 | it-ti-szi-[na u3 u2]-sze#-be2-lu-ni-in4-ni szu-ul-ma-na | with them, and they have granted me well-being. |
| 7 | sza _ki_-ka [... an]-nu#-tu4 a-wa-te-ka mi-in4-de9 _lugal-mesz_ | What are these words of yours that you say to the kings? |
| 8 | sza li-mi-[ti-ka] sza#-ru-ti ra-bu-ti _dumu-munus-mesz_-ka# | of your exalted majesty, your daughters, |
| 9 | i-ra-asz-szu-u2# mi#-im#-ma it-ti-szu-nu u3 u2-sze-be2-lu-ni-ku | they will love him, and he will make you swear something with them. |
| 10 | u3 mi-ni it-ti-sze a-ha-at-ka sza it-ti-ia u3 | And what is your share with me? |
| 11 | ta#-ka-sza-ad mi-im-ma u3 u2-sze-bi-la-ak-ku | You will gather everything and send it to me. |
| 12 | _sig5_ ki-i ta-na-an-din _dumu-munus-mesz_-ka a-na ra-szi _tug2_-ta | When you give your daughters to wear garments, |
| 13 | sza li-mi-ti-ka u3 i-nu-ma ta-asz-pu-ra a-wa-te-_mesz_ | of your eponymy, and when you wrote me, the words |
| 14 | sza a-bi-ia e-zi-ib la ta-qab2-bi a-wa-te-szu | Disregard that my father has spoken a word with you, |
| 15 | ap#-pu-na-ma szu-ku-un at-hu-ut-ti _du10-ga_-ti i-na bi4-ri-ni!# | I looked at him, and he established good relations among us. |
| 16 | sza# ta-asz-pu-ra an-nu-tu4 a-wa-ti2-ka a-nu#-um#-ma at-ha-nu | As to what you wrote, these words are yours. Now, I am afraid. |
| 17 | a#-na#-ku# u3 at-ta# ki-la-li-nu u3 as,-s,e2-el _ugu_ | I, and you, our support, and I have guarded against |
| 18 | _{lu2#-mesz#}dumu-kin_-ka ki-i i-qa-ab-bu-u2 <i-na> pa-ni-ka um-ma-a mi-im-ma | Your messengers, when they say in your presence: “What |
| 19 | u2#-ul i-na-an-di-nu#-na-szi sza i-la-ku i-na _kur_ mi-is,-ri-i | they will not give to us. Whoever goes, in the land of Miṣrî |
| 20 | sza# il5-la-ku-ni7 mu-hi-ia u3 i-la-ak 1(disz)-en lib3-bi szi-na | of Ila-kūni, my husband, and he will go, one of them |
| 21 | [u3 la] il5-te-qe2 _ku3-babbar-hi-a ku3-sig17-mesz i3-hi-a tug2-mesz!(ME)-hi-a_ ka-li mi-ma _sig5_ | and has not taken silver, gold, oil, textiles, all kinds of good things |
| 22 | [_ugu_ sza i-na] _kur#_ sza-ni-ti u3 i-qa-ab-bi la ki-ti | Concerning what is in another country and what he says: "It is not true." |
| 23 | a-na sza [i]-szap#-par2-szu 1(disz)-en-nu-tum it-ta-at-la-ku | to whom he writes, one woman has gone away. |
| 24 | _{lu2-mesz}dumu-kin_ a-na a#-[bi]-ka# u3 pi2-szu-nu sa3-ru-ti i-dab2-bu-bu | Witnesses speak to your father and their privileged share. |
| 25 | sza-nu-ti it-tal-ku [u3] sa3-ru-ti i-dab2-bu-bu-ni-ik-ku | Secondly, they have come, and thirdly they will speak to you. |
| 26 | u3 aq-bi a-na-ku szum-ma# [a-na-an]-di#-na-asz-szu-nu-ti mi-im-ma | And I said: "If I give them anything, I will give them." |
| 27 | szum-ma u2-ul a-na-an-din-szu-nu sa3#-[ru]-ti# i-<dab2>-bu-bu ka-na-ma | If I do not give them, they will raise a claim against you. |
| 28 | u3 asz-ku-un-szu-nu-ti u2-ul ad-di#-[in a-na] mu#-hi#-szu-nu ap-pu-na-ma | I did not give them, but I am sending them to me. |
| 29 | u3 i-nu-ma ta-asz-pu-ra um-ma-a ta-aq-[bi]-ma# | And when you wrote, saying: "You said: |
| 30 | a-na _{lu2-mesz}dumu-kin_-ia um-ma-a i-ia-nu _erin2-mesz_ a-na be-li#-[ku-ni] | to my messengers, saying: “There are no troops for your lord.’ |
| 31 | u3 u2-ul ba-na-at s,u2-ha-ar-ti id-di-nu-ni | And he did not give me the guarantee of the dowry. |
| 32 | an-nu-tu4 a-wa-tu-ka i-ia-nu la ki-ti i-dab2-bu-bu-ka | These words of yours are not true, they are uttered against you. |
| 33 | _lu2-dumu-mesz kin_-ka ka-an-na-ma szum-ma i-ba-asz-szi _erin2-mesz_ hu-ra#-di3# | Your messengers should always be present; if there are troops, they should be brought. |
| 34 | szum-ma la i-ba-asz-szi ud-du2-ni mi-nu-ni asz-sza-a-li-szu# | If there is none, what have I done to him? |
| 35 | szum-ma _erin2-mesz_ i-ba-asz-szi at-tu-ka szum-ma i-ba-asz-szi | If there are troops, you, if there are |
| 36 | _ansze-kur-ra-mesz_ at-tu-ka-ma e la te-sze-me szi-na | You are the horses, but you did not hear them. |
| 37 | _{lu2}dumu-mesz#-kin#_-ka sza pi2-szu-ni sa3-a-ru sza# ta-szap-par | Your messengers, whose mouth is pure, whom you have sent |
| 38 | an-ni-ka-a szum-ma pal-hu-ni-ik-ku u3 i-<dab2>-bu-bu sa3-ra-ti | <If> you are ill and he is seized, the saŋarātu-disease will be imposed upon you. |
| 39 | asz-szu14 a-s,e2-e i-na _szu_-ti-ka i-nu-ma taq2-ba-a | Concerning the aṣītu-demon from your hand when you spoke |
| 40 | um-ma-a it-ta-din _{gesz}gigir-mesz_-ia i-na lib3-bi _{gesz}gigir#-mesz#_ | saying: “He has given my chariots from among the ch[ariots] |
| 41 | _lu2-mesz_ ha-za-nu-ti u2-ul ta-mu-ur-szu-nu a-hi-ta5 | the mayors you did not see them. The dependents |
| 42 | tu-t,e4-pi2-il5-szu-nu a-na pa-ni ma-a-ti sza ki-ka (\)u3? | You have made them carry (them) off to the face of the land that is like you. |
| 43 | u2-ul ta-mu-<ur>-szu-nu a-hi-ta5 lu-u2 an-ni-ka | You will not see them. May the brother be with you! |
| 44 | _{gesz}gigir-mesz_ lu-u2 an-ni-ka-a _ansze-kur-ra-mesz_ | chariots or this, horses |
| 45 | ma#-ti-ia e-ri-szu gab2-ba _ansze-kur-ra-mesz_\-ia | my land, all of my horses |
| 46 | _{gesz}gigir-mesz_ i-nu-ma ta-asz-pu-ra a-na | chariots when you wrote to |
| 47 | qa#-ti-ia! ri-qa3# a-na sza-ka-an _i3-hi-a_ a#-na# _sag#_ | my hand, a reed bundle for the storage of oil for the head |
| 48 | s,u2-ha-ar-ti at-ta ta-asz-pu-ra#-ni | You have sent me a message. |
| 49 | 1(disz) _nig2-ba i3_ s,a-ah | 1 ration of ṣaḫu-oil, |
Sources & licences
- Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative · CDLI: reuse of catalogue/transliteration data with citation of CDLI; images restricted (not fetched) · Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative (CDLI), https://cdli.earth/ ; cite CDLI and the P-number
- Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (ORACC) · CC BY-SA 3.0 (ORACC default); per-file JSON license fields say: This data is released under the CC0 license (133618) · ORACC project editions, https://oracc.museum.upenn.edu/ ; cite the individual project (see texts.extra_json.project)
Cite the original edition and translator. Page generated by Unread Atlas from the public corpus export of 2026-10-18.